跟读练习: Taoist Wisdom For Inner Peace - 通过视频学习英语口语

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Taoism is an ancient Chinese mystical, philosophical, and religious tradition that emphasizes living in agreement with the Tao.
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The main work in Taoism is the Daodejing, created by a mysterious author called Laozi, which contains profound wisdom and insights.
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But there are more ancient works that define Taoism, like Zhuangzi and Lizi.
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It can be difficult to make sense out of the poetry, parables, anecdotes, and other forms of writing that Daoist scriptures have to offer.
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Nevertheless, we can find a lot of value in them.
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In this video, I would like to discuss some Daoist wisdom for inner peace.
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Daoism contains a philosophy that almost directly opposes today's culture.
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We're all about work hard, play hard, being proactive, unlocking your full potential,
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social, achieving social status, which often goes hand -in -hand with stretching ourselves beyond our capacities.
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This doesn't mean that accomplishment is evil.
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A certain degree of accomplishment is necessary for survival, and lies at the basis of civilization.
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But the Taoists highlight that there are alternative ways to live our lives.
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Ways that are less burdened, but less glamorous too.
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This all comes down to living more in tune with the Tao.
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Tao, the all -encompassing and thriving force behind the universe.
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Here are four pieces of wisdom that might bring us closer to the Tao.
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Don't stand on your tiptoes.
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In current culture, we're likely to overstretch ourselves in order to achieve our goals.
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Oftentimes we rush, exaggerate our achievements, lie, boast about our abilities, and push too hard.
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But the problem with this behavior is that we often lack the foundation to do what we want to do,
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which results in a very unstable position.
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I quote, Those who stand on tiptoes do not stand firmly.
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Those who rush ahead don't get very far.
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Those who try to outshine others dim their own light.
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Those who call themselves righteous can't know how wrong they are.
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Those who boast of their accomplishments diminish the things they have done.
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End quote.
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So, it's better that we don't rush into tasks, don't buy things that we can't afford, don't lie about our abilities,
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and don't show ourselves off all the time.
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Because if we do, we put ourselves in an extremely vulnerable and stressful position.
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This doesn't mean that we shouldn't go out and accomplish things.
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It's just that we do so in a manner that's sustainable and within our true capacities.
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Let softness overcome the heart.
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As a follow -up to not standing on our tiptoes,
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it could be very beneficial to realize that softness is a way to overcome the greatest of tasks.
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Here's what Lao Tzu wrote about this, and I quote, Water is the softest and most yielding substance,
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yet nothing is better than water for overcoming the hard and rigid, because nothing can compete with it.
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End quote.
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We can interpret this in many ways.
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When we look at how water has carved out mountains and rocks on our planet,
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we could say that repeating the same acts of softness over and over again will eventually overcome the hard.
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If we put emphasis on small tasks and efforts, these eventually add up into one big undertaking.
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This is the power of discipline, which means that we do the same things over and over again to achieve something big.
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A great factor in this process is the virtue of patience, which is also a form of softness,
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in which we simply accept the slowness of a natural process.
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Another factor is the willingness to let go, so the universe can manifest itself.
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We can see this with planting a tree, for example.
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We can't will the tree into growth.
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We can only water it and let nature do the rest.
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Being soft also means being flexible.
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People that are too hard and brittle cannot adapt to new situations easily and are often subdued to external circumstances.
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When we're flexible, like water, we can adapt to these circumstances.
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When a rock breaks off from a mountain by an earthquake, the fall pulverizes it.
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Water, on the other hand, will just find another way to flow.
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Three.
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Appreciate uselessness.
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In the Zhuangzi, there's a story about a useless, crooked tree.
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The lumberjack didn't want to cut that tree because that would have been a waste of his time and energy.
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The tree was so crooked and ugly that he probably couldn't even make one decent wooden plank out of it.
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But then, Zhuangzi came along.
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He observed that the straight trees were all cut down because they were useful for mankind.
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Thus, the uselessness of the crooked tree became the reason for its survival.
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Moreover, people thought… that the tree's deformations and age made it special and began to worship it like a holy object.
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Our society expects us to be useful.
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We're more appreciated when we're intelligent, diligent, good -looking, etc. Being useless doesn't get us any respect, and is even seen as a vice.
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Even the Stoics think that living virtuously includes being useful for the community.
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But the Taoists, as rebellious as they are, go against the grain by saying that uselessness is actually very useful.
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In the case of the tree, uselessness led to its preservation.
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When it comes to humans, we'll see that when we don't possess many desirable traits, we're often saved from a lot of trouble.
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So if you aren't very gifted, don't sweat over it.
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Instead, be happy, because gifted people are often the first ones that get exploited.
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Don't strive, but flow along.
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Zhuangzi observed that striving for external things is the same as striving for an illusion.
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Wealth doesn't buy happiness, and it certainly doesn't buy inner peace.
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On the contrary, being too much encumbered by possessions can evoke anxiety.
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I quote, The ears of the rich are provided with the music of bells,
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drums, flageolettes, and flutes, and their mouths are stuffed with the flesh of fat beasts, and with wine of the richest flavor.
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However, so are their desires satisfied, till they forget their proper business.
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Theirs may be pronounced a condition of disorder.
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Sunk deeply in their self -sufficiency, they resemble individuals ascending a height with a heavy burden on their backs.
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Their condition may be pronounced one of bitter suffering.
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End quote.
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The Taoists see any kind of grasping towards externals and tightly holding on to them as unnatural.
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It's not aligned with the Tao, so to say.
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But current society seems to completely revolve around this, and perhaps this is one of the main reasons why
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so many people are on antidepressants these days and flee in drugs and alcohol.
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A healthier way would be to stop striving and let go.
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And when we flow along with the current of life, we'll find out that many things will come to us, and that it doesn't take much,
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in a materialistic sense, to be satisfied.
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When a bird drinks from a pond, it only fills its belly with enough water to keep on living.
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Even animals in hibernation eat just enough to survive the coldness and scarcity of the winter.
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By following a more natural course, we will most likely end up in places that are more in agreement with our own nature.
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The act of striving often blinds us to the things
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that already are and the possibilities that life presents and that we can simply take without effort.
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So, it can't harm us to lay down the arms for a
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while and just experience what the universe has in store for us, instead of constantly striving for a conceptual future.

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本课的词汇与口语要点

这节口语课以视频“Taoist Wisdom For Inner Peace”为素材。 视频中反复出现的词有:tree, quote, striving, Tao, Taoist。 这段视频共有 75 个句子、1275 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 7:57。 说话人语速自然,每分钟约 160 个词,接近日常对话。 只有 79% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词,词汇难度较高。

视频中的重点词汇

视频中 15 个值得学习的单词,附发音和释义:

单词发音释义
strive 动词/ˈstɹaɪv/努力, 奮鬥 /奋斗
overcome 动词/ˌəʊ.vəˈkʌm/征服, 克服
rush 动词/ɹʌʃ/急速去, 急速做
wisdom 名词/ˈwɪzdəm/智慧
accomplishment 名词/əˈkɑm.plɪʃ.mənt/成就, 成果
crooked 形容词/kɹʊkɪd/彎曲 /弯曲, 歪
survival 名词/sɚˈvaɪ.vəl/生存
burden 名词/ˈbɝdn̩/負荷 /负荷
flexible 形容词/ˈflɛk.sɪ.bəl/靈活 /灵活
observe 动词/əbˈzɜːv/遵守, 遵循
adapt 动词/əˈdæpt/適應 /适应
satisfy 动词/ˈsætɪsfaɪ/滿足 /满足
circumstance 名词/ˈsɝ.kəmˌstæns/情況 /情况, 狀態 /状态
pronounce 动词/pɹəˈnaʊns/宣稱 /宣称, 宣告
boast 动词/boʊst/吹牛, 吹噓 /吹嘘

视频中出现的短语动词

单词释义
come along 动词陪伴, 陪同
cut down 动词砍倒
find out 动词找出, 查明
go out 动词出, 出口
lie down 动词偃, 躺下

视频中的语法

说话人最常用的结构,并附上视频中的原话:

结构视频中的用法
定语从句 who / which + 从句 — 补充说明人或事物Those who stand · Those who rush · Those who try
被动语态 be + 过去分词 — 强调发生了什么,而不是谁做的are often subdued · is even seen · are provided
现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词 — 过去发生但与现在仍有关联的事have done · has carved

需要注意的发音

说话人用了 32 次缩略和弱读形式,例如 don't, doesn't, we're。请按听到的简短形式来说。

  • “th” 音: nevertheless /ˌnɛvɚðəˈlɛs/, earthquake /ˈɝθkweɪk/, theirs /ðɛɚz/, thrive /θɹajv/
  • “sh” 和 “zh” 音: rush /ɹʌʃ/, accomplishment /əˈkɑm.plɪʃ.mənt/, possession /pəˈzɛʃn̩/, worship /ˈwɝ.ʃɪp/, flesh /flɛʃ/
  • 长单词——注意重音位置: accomplishment /əˈkɑm.plɪʃ.mənt/, anxiety /æŋˈzaɪ.əti/, intelligent /ɪnˈtɛlɪd͡ʒənt/, nevertheless /ˌnɛvɚðəˈlɛs/, sustainable /səˈsteɪnəbəl/

中文母语者容易读错的音:

  • /v/ — 不要读成 /w/,上齿轻触下唇: strive /ˈstɹaɪv/, overcome /ˌəʊ.vəˈkʌm/, survival /sɚˈvaɪ.vəl/, observe /əbˈzɜːv/, achievement /əˈt͡ʃiːv.mənt/
  • 词尾辅音 — 要读清楚,后面不要加元音: strive /ˈstɹaɪv/, rush /ɹʌʃ/, accomplishment /əˈkɑm.plɪʃ.mənt/, crooked /kɹʊkɪd/, observe /əbˈzɜːv/
  • /r/ 和 /l/ 的区别: vulnerable /ˈvʌln(ə)ɹəbl̩/, stressful /ˈstɹɛsfəl/, desirable /dɪˈzaɪəɹəbəl/, resemble /ɹɪˈzɛmbəl/, glamorous /ˈɡlæ.mə.ɹəs/

如何用这段视频练习

  1. 先完整听一遍视频,不要开口,记下不认识的单词。
  2. 先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟读,熟练之后再回到正常速度。
  3. 录下自己的声音并与原声对比,特别注意 strive, overcome, rush 这类单词。

什么是跟读法?

跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧,最初开发用于专业口译员的培训,并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大:您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同,跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性,语调,节奏,连读,听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。

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