シャドーイング練習: TED TALK~ 不要等到三十歲才來後悔二十歲没有好好過活，人生是現在就已經開始 【中英字幕】 - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ
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165 文
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Tanya Cushman Reviewer When I was in my 20s,
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I saw my very first psychotherapy client.
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I was a PhD student in clinical psychology at Berkeley.
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She was a 26 -year -old woman named Alex.
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Now, Alex walked into her first session wearing jeans
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and a big slouchy top and she dropped onto the couch in my office
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and kicked off her flats and told me she was there to talk about guy problems.
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Now, when I heard this, I was so relieved.
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My classmate got an arsonist for her first client and I got a 20 -something who wanted to talk about boys.
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This I thought I could handle, but I didn't handle it.
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With the funny stories that Alex would bring to session,
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it was easy for me just to nod my head while we kicked the can down the road.
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30's the new 20, Alex would say, and as far as I could tell, she was right.
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Work happened later, marriage happened later, kids happened later, even death happened later twenty -somethings like Alex and I had nothing but time.
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But before long my supervisor pushed me to push Alex about her love life.
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I pushed back.
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I said sure she's dating down, she's sleeping with a knucklehead, but it's not like she's gonna marry the guy.
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And then my supervisor said, not yet, but she might marry the next one.
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Besides, the best time to work on Alex's marriage is before she has one.
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That's what psychologists call an aha moment.
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That was the moment I realized 30 is not the new 20.
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Yes, people settle down later than they used to, but that didn't make Alex's 20s a developmental downtime.
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That made Alex's 20s a developmental sweet spot, and we were sitting there blowing it.
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That was when I realized that this sort of benign neglect was a real problem and it had real consequences,
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not just for Alex and her love life but for the careers and the families and the futures of 20 -somethings everywhere.
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There are 50 million 20 -somethings in the United States right now.
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We're talking about 15 % of the population,
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or 100 % if you consider that no one's getting through adulthood without going through their 20s first.
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Raise your hand if you're in your 20s.
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I really want to see some 20 -somethings here.
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Okay, y 'all, it's awesome.
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If you work with 20 -somethings, you love a 20 -something, you're losing sleep over 20 -somethings, I want to see, okay,
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awesome, 20 -somethings really matter.
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So, I specialize in 20 -somethings because I believe
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that every single one of those 50 million 20 -somethings deserves to know what psychologists,
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sociologists, neurologists, and fertility specialists already know.
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That claiming your 20s is one of the simplest yet most transformative things you can do for work, for love, for your happiness,
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maybe even for the world.
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This is not my opinion.
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These are the facts.
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We know that 80 % of life's most defining moments take place by age 35.
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That means that 8 out of 10 of the decisions
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and experiences and aha moments that make your life what it is will have happened by your mid -30s.
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People who are over 40, don't panic.
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This crowd is going to be fine, I think.
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We know that the first 10 years of a career has an exponential impact on how much money you're going to earn.
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We know that more than half of Americans are married or are living with or dating their future partner by 30.
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We know that the brain caps off its second and last growth spurt in your 20s as it rewires itself for adulthood,
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which means that whatever it is you want to change about yourself, now is the time to change it.
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We know that personality change is more during your 20s than at any other time in life.
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And we know that female fertility peaks at age 28, and things get tricky after age 35.
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So your 20s are the time to educate yourself about your body and your options.
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So when we think about child development, we all know that the first five years are a critical period for language and attachment in the brain.
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It's a time when your ordinary day -to -day life has an inordinate impact on who you will become.
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But what we hear less about is that there's such a thing as adult development, and our 20s are that critical period of adult development.
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But this isn't what 20 -somethings are hearing.
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Newspapers talk about the changing timetable of adulthood.
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Researchers call the 20s an extended adolescence.
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Journalists coined silly nicknames for 20 -somethings like Twixsters and Codults.
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It's true.
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As a culture, we have trivialized what is actually the defining decade of adulthood.
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Leonard Bernstein said that to achieve great things, you need a plan and not quite enough time.
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Isn't that true?
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So what do you think happens when you pat a 20 -something on the head
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and you say you have 10 extra years to start your life?
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Nothing happens you have robbed that person of his urgency
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and ambition and absolutely nothing happens
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and then every day smart interesting 20 -somethings like you
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or like your sons and daughters come into my office and say things like this I
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know my boyfriend's no good for me
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but this relationship doesn't count I'm just killing time
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or they say everybody says as long as I get started on a career by the time I'm 30, I'll be fine.
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But then it starts to sound like this.
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My 20s are almost over and I have nothing to show for myself.
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I had a better resume the day after I graduated from college.
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And then it starts to sound like this.
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Dating in my 20s was like musical chairs.
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Everybody was running around and having fun.
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But then sometime around 30, it was like the music turned off and everybody started sitting down.
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I didn't want to be the only one left standing up,
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so sometimes I think I married my husband because he was the closest chair to me at 30.
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Where are the 20 -somethings here?
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Do not do that.
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Okay, now that sounds a little flip, but make no mistake, the stakes are very high.
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When a lot has been pushed to your 30s, there is enormous 30 -something pressure to jumpstart a career, pick a city, partner up,
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and have two or three kids in a much shorter period of time.
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Many of these things are incompatible, and as research is just starting to show,
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simply harder and more stressful to do all at once in our 30s.
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The post -millennial midlife crisis isn't buying a red sports car.
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It's realizing you can't have that career you now want.
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It's realizing you can't have that child you now want
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or you can't give your child a sibling too many 30 -somethings
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and 40 -somethings look at themselves and at me sitting across the room
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and say about their 20s what was I doing what was I thinking
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I want to change what 20 -somethings are doing
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and thinking here's a story about how that can go it's a story about a woman named Emma.
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At 25 Emma came to my office because she was, in her words, having an identity crisis.
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She said she thought she might like to work in art
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or entertainment but she hadn't decided yet so she'd spent the last few years waiting tables instead.
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Because it was cheaper she lived with a boyfriend who displayed his temper more than his ambition.
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And as As hard as her 20s were, her early life had been even harder.
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She often cried in our sessions, but then would collect herself by saying, you can't pick your family, but you can pick your friends.
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Well, one day, Emma comes in and she hangs her head in her lap, and she's sobbed for most of the hour.
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She'd just bought a new address book, and she'd spent the morning filling in her many contacts.
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But then she'd been left staring at that empty blank that comes after the words, in case of emergency, please call.
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She was nearly hysterical when she looked at me and said, who's going to be there for me if I get in a car wreck?
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Who's going to take care of me if I have cancer?
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Now, in that moment, it took everything I had not to say, I will.
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But what Emma needed wasn't some therapist who really, really cared.
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Emma needed a better life, and I knew this was her chance.
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I had learned too much since I first worked with Alex to just sit there while Emma's defining decade went parading by.
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So over the next weeks and months, I told Emma three things that every 20 -something, male or female, deserves to hear.
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First, I told
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Emma to forget about having an identity crisis and get some identity capital.
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By get identity capital, I mean do something that adds value to who you are.
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Do something that's an investment in who you might want to be next.
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I didn't know the future of Emma's career and no one knows the future of work, but I do know this.
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Identity capital begets identity capital.
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So now is the time for that cross -country job, that internship, that startup you want to try.
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I'm not discounting 20 -something exploration here, but I am discounting exploration that's not supposed to count.
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Which, by the way, is not exploration.
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That's procrastination.
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I told Emma to explore work and make it count.
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second I told
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Emma that the urban tribe is overrated best friends are great for giving rides to the airport
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but 20 -somethings who huddled together with like -minded peers limit
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who they know what they know how they think how they speak
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and where they work that new piece of capital
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that new person to date almost always comes from outside the
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inner circle new things come from what are called our weak ties, our friends of friends of friends.
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So yes, half of 20 -somethings are un - or underemployed, but half aren't, and weak ties are how you get yourself into that group.
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Half of new jobs are never posted, so reaching out to your neighbor's boss is how you get that unposted job.
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It's not cheating, it's the science of how information spreads.
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Last but not least, Emma believed that you can't pick your family, but you can pick your friends.
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Now this was true for her growing up, but as a 20 -something,
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soon Emma would pick her family when she partnered with someone and created a family of her own.
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I told Emma the time to start picking your family is now.
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Now you may be thinking that 30 is actually a better time to settle down than 20 or even 25, And I agree with you,
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but grabbing whoever you're living with or sleeping with when everyone on Facebook starts walking down the aisle is not progress.
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The best time to work on your marriage is before you have one, and that means being as intentional with love as you are with work.
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Picking your family is about consciously choosing who
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and what you want rather than just making at work or killing time with whoever happens to be choosing you.
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So what happened to Emma?
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Well, we went through that address book
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and she found an old roommate's cousin who worked at an art museum in another state.
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That week, Ty helped her get a job there.
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That job offer gave her the reason to leave that live -in boyfriend.
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Now five years later, she's a special events planner for museums she's married to a man
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she mindfully chose she loves her new career she loves her new family
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and she sent me a card that said now the emergency contact blanks don't seem big enough now
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Emma's story made that sound easy
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but that's what I love about working with 20 -somethings they are so easy to help
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20 -somethings are like airplanes just leaving LAX bound for somewhere west
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Right after takeoff, a slight change in course is the difference between landing in Alaska or Fiji.
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Likewise, at 21 or 25 or even 29, one good conversation, one good break,
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one good TED Talk can have an enormous effect across years and even generations to come.
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So here's an idea worth spreading to every 20 -something you know.
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It's as simple as what I learned to say to Alex.
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It's what I now have the privilege of saying to 20 -somethings like
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Emma every single day.
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30 is not the new 20, so claim your adulthood, get some identity capital, use your weak ties, pick your family.
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Don't be defined by what you didn't know or didn't do.
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You're deciding your life right now.
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Thank you.
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Thank you.
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このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント
このスピーキングレッスンは、動画「TED TALK~ 不要等到三十歲才來後悔二十歲没有好好過活，人生是現在就已經開始 【中英字幕】」を教材にしています。 この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が165文、単語が2123語あります。 音声の長さは14:44です。 話す速さは1分あたり約144語で安定しており、シャドーイングしやすいペースです。 単語の83%は英語の頻出3,000語に含まれます。残りは練習の前に確認しておきましょう。
この動画の重要語彙
動画に出てくる覚えておきたい単語15語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。
| 単語 | 発音 | 意味 |
|---|---|---|
| adulthood 名詞 | 成人であること | |
| exploration 名詞 | /ˌɛkspləˈɹeɪʃən/ | 探検, 探査 |
| marry 動詞 | /ˈmæɹi/ | 結婚する, 娶る |
| settle 動詞 | /ˈsɛtəl/ | 解決する |
| discount 名詞 | /ˈdɪskaʊnt/ | 割引, 値引き |
| enormous 形容詞 | /ɪˈnɔː.məs/ | 巨大な |
| supervisor 名詞 | /ˈsupɚˌvaɪzɚ/ | 主管, スーパーバイザー |
| ambition 名詞 | /æmˈbɪʃ.ən/ | 野望, 野心 |
| psychologist 名詞 | /ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/ | 心理学者 |
| earn 動詞 | /ɝn/ | 稼ぐ, 得る |
| happiness 名詞 | /ˈhæpinɪs/ | 幸福, 幸せ |
| ordinary 形容詞 | /ˈɔɹdɪnɛɹi/ | 通常な, 普通な |
| cousin 名詞 | /ˈkʌz(ə)n/ | いとこ, 従兄弟 |
| silly 形容詞 | /ˈsɪl.i/ | 馬鹿げた, 他愛ない |
| journalist 名詞 | /ˈd͡ʒɝnəlɪst/ | 記者, ジャーナリスト |
動画に出てくる句動詞
| 単語 | 意味 |
|---|---|
| settle down 動詞 | 落ち着く |
| grow up 動詞 | 成長する, 大人に成る |
| sit down 動詞 | 座る, 腰掛ける |
| stand up 動詞 | 立ち上がる |
| turn off 動詞 | 消す, 切る |
この動画の文法
話し手がよく使っている文型を、動画の実際の表現とともに紹介します。
| 文型 | 動画での表現 |
|---|---|
| 受動態 be + 過去分詞 — 誰がするかより、何が起きるかに焦点を当てる | has been pushed · been left · is overrated |
| 現在完了形 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去の出来事が今も関係している | have trivialized · have robbed · has been pushed |
注意したい発音
話し手はdidn't, can't, you'reなど、短縮形や弱形を36回使っています。聞こえたとおりの短い形で発音しましょう。
- 「th」の音: therapist /ˈθɛɹəpɪst/, psychotherapy /ˌsaɪkoʊˈθɛɹəpi/
- 「sh」と「zh」の音: exploration /ˌɛkspləˈɹeɪʃən/, ambition /æmˈbɪʃ.ən/, specialist /ˈspɛʃəlɪst/, intentional /ɪnˈtɛnʃənəl/, internship /ˈɪntɜːnʃɪp/
- 長い単語（アクセントの位置に注意）: exploration /ˌɛkspləˈɹeɪʃən/, supervisor /ˈsupɚˌvaɪzɚ/, psychologist /ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/, developmental /dɪˌvɛləpˈmɛntəl/, fertility /fɝˈtɪləti/
日本語話者が苦手な音：
- /r/ と /l/ の区別 — /l/ は舌先を歯茎につけ、/r/ はどこにもつけない: exploration /ˌɛkspləˈɹeɪʃən/, explore /ɪkˈsploɹ/, privilege /ˈpɹɪv.(ɪ.)lɪd͡ʒ/, airplane /ˈɛɹˌpleɪ̯n/, stressful /ˈstɹɛsfəl/
- /v/ — /b/ にならないように、上の歯を下唇に当てる: whoever /huˈɛvɚ/, supervisor /ˈsupɚˌvaɪzɚ/, developmental /dɪˌvɛləpˈmɛntəl/, privilege /ˈpɹɪv.(ɪ.)lɪd͡ʒ/, relieve /ɹɪˈliːv/
- /f/ — 「フ」ではなく、上の歯と下唇で出す: define /dɪˈfaɪn/, fertility /fɝˈtɪləti/, flip /flɪp/, stressful /ˈstɹɛsfəl/, midlife /ˈmɪdlaɪf/
この動画での練習方法
- まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
- 通常の速度で一文ずつシャドーイングし、話し手のリズムに合うまで繰り返します。
- 自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。adulthood, exploration, marryなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。