跟讀練習: TED TALK~ 不要等到三十歲才來後悔二十歲没有好好過活，人生是現在就已經開始 【中英字幕】 - 通過影片學習英語口語
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Tanya Cushman Reviewer When I was in my 20s,
塔尼婭·庫什曼 評審員 我二十多歲的時候，
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I saw my very first psychotherapy client.
我接待了我的第一位心理治療來訪者。
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I was a PhD student in clinical psychology at Berkeley.
我曾是加州大學伯克利分校臨床心理學專業的博士生。
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She was a 26 -year -old woman named Alex.
她是一位名叫亞歷克斯的26歲女性。
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Now, Alex walked into her first session wearing jeans
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and a big slouchy top and she dropped onto the couch in my office
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and kicked off her flats and told me she was there to talk about guy problems.
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Now, when I heard this, I was so relieved.
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My classmate got an arsonist for her first client and I got a 20 -something who wanted to talk about boys.
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This I thought I could handle, but I didn't handle it.
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With the funny stories that Alex would bring to session,
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it was easy for me just to nod my head while we kicked the can down the road.
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30's the new 20, Alex would say, and as far as I could tell, she was right.
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Work happened later, marriage happened later, kids happened later, even death happened later twenty -somethings like Alex and I had nothing but time.
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But before long my supervisor pushed me to push Alex about her love life.
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I pushed back.
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I said sure she's dating down, she's sleeping with a knucklehead, but it's not like she's gonna marry the guy.
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And then my supervisor said, not yet, but she might marry the next one.
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Besides, the best time to work on Alex's marriage is before she has one.
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That's what psychologists call an aha moment.
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That was the moment I realized 30 is not the new 20.
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Yes, people settle down later than they used to, but that didn't make Alex's 20s a developmental downtime.
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That made Alex's 20s a developmental sweet spot, and we were sitting there blowing it.
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That was when I realized that this sort of benign neglect was a real problem and it had real consequences,
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not just for Alex and her love life but for the careers and the families and the futures of 20 -somethings everywhere.
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There are 50 million 20 -somethings in the United States right now.
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We're talking about 15 % of the population,
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or 100 % if you consider that no one's getting through adulthood without going through their 20s first.
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Raise your hand if you're in your 20s.
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I really want to see some 20 -somethings here.
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Okay, y 'all, it's awesome.
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If you work with 20 -somethings, you love a 20 -something, you're losing sleep over 20 -somethings, I want to see, okay,
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awesome, 20 -somethings really matter.
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So, I specialize in 20 -somethings because I believe
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that every single one of those 50 million 20 -somethings deserves to know what psychologists,
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sociologists, neurologists, and fertility specialists already know.
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That claiming your 20s is one of the simplest yet most transformative things you can do for work, for love, for your happiness,
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maybe even for the world.
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This is not my opinion.
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These are the facts.
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We know that 80 % of life's most defining moments take place by age 35.
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That means that 8 out of 10 of the decisions
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and experiences and aha moments that make your life what it is will have happened by your mid -30s.
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People who are over 40, don't panic.
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This crowd is going to be fine, I think.
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We know that the first 10 years of a career has an exponential impact on how much money you're going to earn.
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We know that more than half of Americans are married or are living with or dating their future partner by 30.
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We know that the brain caps off its second and last growth spurt in your 20s as it rewires itself for adulthood,
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which means that whatever it is you want to change about yourself, now is the time to change it.
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We know that personality change is more during your 20s than at any other time in life.
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And we know that female fertility peaks at age 28, and things get tricky after age 35.
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So your 20s are the time to educate yourself about your body and your options.
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So when we think about child development, we all know that the first five years are a critical period for language and attachment in the brain.
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It's a time when your ordinary day -to -day life has an inordinate impact on who you will become.
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But what we hear less about is that there's such a thing as adult development, and our 20s are that critical period of adult development.
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But this isn't what 20 -somethings are hearing.
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Newspapers talk about the changing timetable of adulthood.
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Researchers call the 20s an extended adolescence.
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Journalists coined silly nicknames for 20 -somethings like Twixsters and Codults.
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It's true.
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As a culture, we have trivialized what is actually the defining decade of adulthood.
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Leonard Bernstein said that to achieve great things, you need a plan and not quite enough time.
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Isn't that true?
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So what do you think happens when you pat a 20 -something on the head
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and you say you have 10 extra years to start your life?
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Nothing happens you have robbed that person of his urgency
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and ambition and absolutely nothing happens
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and then every day smart interesting 20 -somethings like you
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or like your sons and daughters come into my office and say things like this I
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know my boyfriend's no good for me
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but this relationship doesn't count I'm just killing time
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or they say everybody says as long as I get started on a career by the time I'm 30, I'll be fine.
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But then it starts to sound like this.
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My 20s are almost over and I have nothing to show for myself.
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I had a better resume the day after I graduated from college.
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And then it starts to sound like this.
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Dating in my 20s was like musical chairs.
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Everybody was running around and having fun.
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But then sometime around 30, it was like the music turned off and everybody started sitting down.
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I didn't want to be the only one left standing up,
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so sometimes I think I married my husband because he was the closest chair to me at 30.
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Where are the 20 -somethings here?
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Do not do that.
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Okay, now that sounds a little flip, but make no mistake, the stakes are very high.
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When a lot has been pushed to your 30s, there is enormous 30 -something pressure to jumpstart a career, pick a city, partner up,
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and have two or three kids in a much shorter period of time.
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Many of these things are incompatible, and as research is just starting to show,
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simply harder and more stressful to do all at once in our 30s.
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The post -millennial midlife crisis isn't buying a red sports car.
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It's realizing you can't have that career you now want.
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It's realizing you can't have that child you now want
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or you can't give your child a sibling too many 30 -somethings
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and 40 -somethings look at themselves and at me sitting across the room
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and say about their 20s what was I doing what was I thinking
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I want to change what 20 -somethings are doing
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and thinking here's a story about how that can go it's a story about a woman named Emma.
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At 25 Emma came to my office because she was, in her words, having an identity crisis.
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She said she thought she might like to work in art
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or entertainment but she hadn't decided yet so she'd spent the last few years waiting tables instead.
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Because it was cheaper she lived with a boyfriend who displayed his temper more than his ambition.
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And as As hard as her 20s were, her early life had been even harder.
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She often cried in our sessions, but then would collect herself by saying, you can't pick your family, but you can pick your friends.
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Well, one day, Emma comes in and she hangs her head in her lap, and she's sobbed for most of the hour.
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She'd just bought a new address book, and she'd spent the morning filling in her many contacts.
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But then she'd been left staring at that empty blank that comes after the words, in case of emergency, please call.
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She was nearly hysterical when she looked at me and said, who's going to be there for me if I get in a car wreck?
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Who's going to take care of me if I have cancer?
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Now, in that moment, it took everything I had not to say, I will.
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But what Emma needed wasn't some therapist who really, really cared.
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Emma needed a better life, and I knew this was her chance.
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I had learned too much since I first worked with Alex to just sit there while Emma's defining decade went parading by.
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So over the next weeks and months, I told Emma three things that every 20 -something, male or female, deserves to hear.
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First, I told
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Emma to forget about having an identity crisis and get some identity capital.
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By get identity capital, I mean do something that adds value to who you are.
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Do something that's an investment in who you might want to be next.
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I didn't know the future of Emma's career and no one knows the future of work, but I do know this.
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Identity capital begets identity capital.
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So now is the time for that cross -country job, that internship, that startup you want to try.
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I'm not discounting 20 -something exploration here, but I am discounting exploration that's not supposed to count.
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Which, by the way, is not exploration.
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That's procrastination.
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I told Emma to explore work and make it count.
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second I told
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Emma that the urban tribe is overrated best friends are great for giving rides to the airport
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but 20 -somethings who huddled together with like -minded peers limit
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who they know what they know how they think how they speak
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and where they work that new piece of capital
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that new person to date almost always comes from outside the
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inner circle new things come from what are called our weak ties, our friends of friends of friends.
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So yes, half of 20 -somethings are un - or underemployed, but half aren't, and weak ties are how you get yourself into that group.
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Half of new jobs are never posted, so reaching out to your neighbor's boss is how you get that unposted job.
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It's not cheating, it's the science of how information spreads.
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Last but not least, Emma believed that you can't pick your family, but you can pick your friends.
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Now this was true for her growing up, but as a 20 -something,
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soon Emma would pick her family when she partnered with someone and created a family of her own.
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I told Emma the time to start picking your family is now.
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Now you may be thinking that 30 is actually a better time to settle down than 20 or even 25, And I agree with you,
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but grabbing whoever you're living with or sleeping with when everyone on Facebook starts walking down the aisle is not progress.
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The best time to work on your marriage is before you have one, and that means being as intentional with love as you are with work.
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Picking your family is about consciously choosing who
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and what you want rather than just making at work or killing time with whoever happens to be choosing you.
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So what happened to Emma?
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Well, we went through that address book
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and she found an old roommate's cousin who worked at an art museum in another state.
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That week, Ty helped her get a job there.
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That job offer gave her the reason to leave that live -in boyfriend.
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Now five years later, she's a special events planner for museums she's married to a man
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she mindfully chose she loves her new career she loves her new family
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and she sent me a card that said now the emergency contact blanks don't seem big enough now
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Emma's story made that sound easy
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but that's what I love about working with 20 -somethings they are so easy to help
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20 -somethings are like airplanes just leaving LAX bound for somewhere west
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Right after takeoff, a slight change in course is the difference between landing in Alaska or Fiji.
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Likewise, at 21 or 25 or even 29, one good conversation, one good break,
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one good TED Talk can have an enormous effect across years and even generations to come.
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So here's an idea worth spreading to every 20 -something you know.
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It's as simple as what I learned to say to Alex.
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It's what I now have the privilege of saying to 20 -somethings like
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Emma every single day.
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30 is not the new 20, so claim your adulthood, get some identity capital, use your weak ties, pick your family.
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Don't be defined by what you didn't know or didn't do.
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You're deciding your life right now.
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Thank you.
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Thank you.
FOR YOU
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本課的詞彙與口語要點
這節口語課以影片“TED TALK~ 不要等到三十歲才來後悔二十歲沒有好好過活，人生是現在就已經開始 【中英字幕】”為素材。 這段影片共有 165 個句子、2123 個單詞可供跟讀。 講話部分時長為 14:44。 說話人語速平穩，每分鐘約 144 個詞，很適合跟讀。 83% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，其餘的詞建議在練習前先學一下。
影片中的重點詞彙
影片中 15 個值得學習的單詞，附發音和釋義：
| 單詞 | 發音 | 釋義 |
|---|---|---|
| adulthood 名詞 | 成年 | |
| define 動詞 | /dɪˈfaɪn/ | 界定 |
| exploration 名詞 | /ˌɛkspləˈɹeɪʃən/ | 勘探, 勘察 |
| marry 動詞 | /ˈmæɹi/ | 結婚 /結婚, 嫁 |
| discount 名詞 | /ˈdɪskaʊnt/ | 折扣 |
| enormous 形容詞 | /ɪˈnɔː.məs/ | 巨大的 |
| supervisor 名詞 | /ˈsupɚˌvaɪzɚ/ | 監督者 /監督者, 管理者 |
| ambition 名詞 | /æmˈbɪʃ.ən/ | 奢望, 抱負 /抱負 |
| psychologist 名詞 | /ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/ | 心理學家 /心理學家 |
| fertility 名詞 | /fɝˈtɪləti/ | 肥沃, 繁殖力 |
| earn 動詞 | /ɝn/ | 掙 /掙, 賺 /賺 |
| happiness 名詞 | /ˈhæpinɪs/ | 幸福, 快樂 /快樂 |
| ordinary 形容詞 | /ˈɔɹdɪnɛɹi/ | 普通, 平常 |
| cousin 名詞 | /ˈkʌz(ə)n/ | 堂兄, 堂哥 |
| silly 形容詞 | /ˈsɪl.i/ | 愚蠢, 笨 |
影片中出現的短語動詞
| 單詞 | 發音 | 釋義 |
|---|---|---|
| go through 動詞 | 通過 /通過 | |
| settle down 動詞 | 冷靜下來 /冷靜下來 | |
| get through 動詞 | /ɡɛt ˈθɹu/ | 度過 /度過 |
| grow up 動詞 | 長大 /長大 | |
| run around 動詞 | 忙碌, 奔忙 | |
| sit down 動詞 | 坐下, 坐 | |
| stand up 動詞 | 站起來 /站起來, 起來 /起來 | |
| turn off 動詞 | 關 /關, 關掉 /關掉 |
影片中的語法
說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：
| 結構 | 影片中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的 | has been pushed · been left · is overrated |
| 現在完成時 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去發生但與現在仍有關聯的事 | have trivialized · have robbed · has been pushed |
需要注意的發音
說話人用了 36 次縮略和弱讀形式，例如 didn't, can't, you're。請按聽到的簡短形式來說。
- “th” 音: therapist /ˈθɛɹəpɪst/, psychotherapy /ˌsaɪkoʊˈθɛɹəpi/
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: exploration /ˌɛkspləˈɹeɪʃən/, ambition /æmˈbɪʃ.ən/, specialist /ˈspɛʃəlɪst/, intentional /ɪnˈtɛnʃənəl/, internship /ˈɪntɜːnʃɪp/
- 長單詞——注意重音位置: exploration /ˌɛkspləˈɹeɪʃən/, supervisor /ˈsupɚˌvaɪzɚ/, psychologist /ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/, developmental /dɪˌvɛləpˈmɛntəl/, fertility /fɝˈtɪləti/
中文母語者容易讀錯的音：
- /v/ — 不要讀成 /w/，上齒輕觸下唇: whoever /huˈɛvɚ/, supervisor /ˈsupɚˌvaɪzɚ/, developmental /dɪˌvɛləpˈmɛntəl/, privilege /ˈpɹɪv.(ɪ.)lɪd͡ʒ/, relieve /ɹɪˈliːv/
- 詞尾子音 — 要讀清楚，後面不要加母音: discount /ˈdɪskaʊnt/, enormous /ɪˈnɔː.məs/, blank /ˈblæŋk/, psychologist /ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/, happiness /ˈhæpinɪs/
- /r/ 和 /l/ 的區別: exploration /ˌɛkspləˈɹeɪʃən/, explore /ɪkˈsploɹ/, privilege /ˈpɹɪv.(ɪ.)lɪd͡ʒ/, airplane /ˈɛɹˌpleɪ̯n/, stressful /ˈstɹɛsfəl/
如何用這段影片練習
- 先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
- 用正常速度逐句跟讀，每句重複到你的節奏與說話人一致為止。
- 錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 adulthood, define, exploration 這類單詞。
什麼是跟讀法？
跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。