シャドーイング練習: The Science Of Being Funny - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ
練習モードを選ぶ
各モードは全画面の練習ルームで開きます。
104 文
文が短すぎたり長すぎる場合は、Editをタップして調整してください。
1
Some people are what you would describe as funny, humorous, or overall completely stupid.
2
But why is it that things like naive stupidity, over-exaggeration, and unexpected twists give you a mini-seizure?
3
Why does it happen anytime Theo van communicates, and how can you make it happen to other people?
4
Well, there are four big things.
5
Step one, know what's funny.
6
At the humor research lab, a few dudes came up with something called the benign violation theory.
7
This theory states that humor occurs when and only when three things happen.
8
There is a violation, the situation is benign, and both these things happen at the same time.
9
Thank you, Eminem.
10
Also, what sort of posh language is benign, and is it German?
11
No, it's Latin.
12
That means kind or not harmful.
13
Cool.
14
So if something is funny, it is an unharmful or benign violation.
15
What is a violation?
16
In this context, it's anything that threatens the way you believe the world should be, or threatens the norm.
17
Violations have many fonts, including physical, identity, cultural, communication, logical, and moral.
18
Let me give you an example.
19
If I were to come up to you on the street and start punching you in the stomach, you probably won't laugh and may even be upset.
20
This is a pure physical violation.
21
If I instead were to start tickling you, that would be even weirder and still a pure violation because you don't know me.
22
But if a friend tries to tickle you, odds are you're gonna slip a giggle.
23
Even if me and your friend have the same exact tickling technique, you almost certainly won't find mine amusing.
24
But with your friend, you know you are safe and the environment is benign, and therefore, you squeal like a little girl.
25
Other things that may also make you squeal in excitement is the new War Thunder update.
26
For those of you who live under a rock, War Thunder is an insanely epic, free-to-play military combat game available on PC, Mac, Xbox, and PlayStation.
27
War Thunder completely immerses you into intense battles.
28
The sheer amount of iconic, old, and new tanks, planes, helicopters, and ships is just madness.
29
The detail on each element of the equipment, both visually and in gameplay, will simply blow the shocks off of all of you fans of military vehicles.
30
Want to demolish your foes on the front line in a tank? you add air support from a chopper
31
or even dogfight your enemies in the clouds.
32
But wait, the best part?
33
These different types of equipment fight together on the same map.
34
War Thunder also offers tons of customization so you can add new modules to your vehicle and make it unique.
35
Oh, and forget those unimmersive health bars.
36
In War Thunder, every hit actually affects the enemy's vehicles like in real life.
37
With the new update Alpha Strike, Hungarian Aviation is now available along with tons of new equipment.
38
Visuals are better, the gameplay has been refined, and there's a sick new map.
39
War Thunder for free with the link in the description.
40
All new players
41
and people who haven't played for at least 6 months will get special bonuses including 3 premium vehicles for free
42
and a free week of a premium account.
43
And you might want to do this, like, ASAP because the American vehicle bonus season is going to end soon.
44
So again, download War Thunder for free, link in the description.
45
Anyways, back to business.
46
It's almost never as obvious on whether a violation is benign like the example I gave.
47
So how can you make a violation benign in a joke, for example? ways to not be strongly committed to the violated norm.
48
This is a slippery slope, and can be overdone.
49
For example, if I were to say, wouldn't it be funny if, before every joke, everything would be too benign and the jokes wouldn't be as funny because the threat is an absolute zero.
50
A better method is subtle sarcasm.
51
You can tell the violation isn't gonna happen, but also no one ever outright said it wouldn't.
52
Another method is to make the violation psychologically distant.
53
So jokes about the Titanic today could be funny because the tragedy is very, very distant, and also because there was definitely room on that door.
54
This is why people might say I can joke about it now a
55
while after some bad incident like a breakup because while the violation obviously still happened, it was a while ago and it doesn't feel as real.
56
You can also apply this to things
57
that are going to happen in the future or things that are happening now on other parts of the world.
58
And the final method to make a violation benign is if there's some alternative explanation that somehow makes the violation okay.
59
This explains tickling because it's a mock attack.
60
Still an attack, but not a dangerous one.
61
Benign violation.
62
Step two, know your victim.
63
You may be thinking, bro, you're talking about humor like it's the same every time, but the jokes I make with the boys won't work on my mom.
64
And that's true.
65
Humor is subjective.
66
This is because everyone has different perspectives or opinions on what is benign and what is a violation.
67
So before you try that orphan joke on Beatrice, feel it out.
68
Get to know her first.
69
She seems like the type, give it a shot.
70
And when the joke flops, run to your room, slam the door and play some War Thunder.
71
Step three, good joke qualities.
72
If you ask a comedian what makes a joke good, they're likely going to tell you three things.
73
Brevity is the soul of wit.
74
AKA, get to the point, no one wants to hear you ramble, everyone wants to hear the punchline.
75
Second, be specific.
76
Saying, so I told the old grandma, dot, dot, dot, isn't as funny as saying, so I told Beatrice, dot, dot, dot.
77
Notice too how the specific one took up less words.
78
You don't have to sacrifice brevity for specificity.
79
Get creative.
80
Third, the rule of three.
81
If you're listing things with the plan to list something drastically different at the end to be funny, list three of them.
82
Two normal ones to make a pattern and one at the end to break it.
83
You're establishing what's benign yourself and then making the violation.
84
Step four, make bad jokes.
85
If your goal is to become a more funny person, this is the most important step of the whole video and you will 100% fail without it.
86
Let's talk about neuroplasticity.
87
When you're learning pretty much anything, there are two results, failure and success.
88
In order for neuroplasticity to activate in your brain, it needs to have a reason.
89
This is why ultimately making bad jokes will make you funnier.
90
It's because you failed, and because of that failure, your brain is really open to making new neural connections, releasing a few specific neural chemicals, or in other words, increasing plasticity.
91
So when you're with your friends and you throw out five bad jokes before one lands, Because you previously threw out the five bad jokes,
92
your brain is incredibly keen on subconsciously noting what worked with your success and what didn't with your failures.
93
Then, technically, the actual improvement happens later during sleep.
94
If you just make a good joke at the start, your brain doesn't note anything.
95
It doesn't particularly take into account what just worked.
96
Those neural chemicals aren't released with that joke, meaning your brain is not in a state of plasticity.
97
After all, it has no reason to be.
98
That's why making bad jokes is vital.
99
And with that said, allow me to hit you with a banger.
100
What did Beatrice say to her grandson?
101
Download War Thunder.
102
Link in the description.
103
Also, since you're funny now, you gotta pay me, so that's gonna cost you one subscribe, and the screen should ask you some questions, so...
104
Yeah.
アプリをダウンロード
流暢に話すために必要なすべて
AI発音採点文ごとに採点
IPA練習すべての音をマスター
単語学習自分の単語帳を作る
単語ゲーム遊びながら覚える
📺 同じチャンネル
✨ おすすめ動画
B22
56 文
How to be Funny in Any Conversation
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B1475 文
The IT Crowd - Yesterday's Jam | Full Episode | Series 1 Episode 1
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B21
57 文
Rocks in the brains
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B25
62 文
"Lightning Bolts Shoot From My Fingertips!" | JMM | Better Call Saul
American AccentBusiness EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
C175
66 文
What science can’t answer, according to physicist Jim Al-Khalili | Big Think
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B24
397 文
‘The Big Bang Theory,’ but Psychology Is Weaponized
American AccentBusiness EnglishDaily ConversationHigh School Students
B213
47 文
Luke Thompson Stand-Up Comedy / How BBC News reporters speak
British AccentBusiness EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B23
517 文
Consume more than you Create: Žižek, Lord of the Flies, Balenciaga, the Pygmalion delusion, ADHD
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B24
130 文
3 Brain Tricks That Make You Happier in 15 Seconds
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B223
233 文
Can You Fool A Self Driving Car?
American AccentBusiness EnglishTeensDaily Conversation
B22
210 文
Small Talk Success: A Simple Trick to Go From Awkward 😬 To Brilliant 😎
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B235 文
I'm ever so pleased to make your acquaintance
British AccentBusiness EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント
このB2レベルのスピーキングレッスンは、動画「The Science Of Being Funny」を教材にしています。 繰り返し出てくる語は次のとおりです：violation, joke, benign, funny, Thunder。 この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が104文、単語が1339語あります。 音声の長さは6:12です。 話す速さは速く、1分あたり約216語です。音のつながりや弱く発音される音が多くなります。 英語の頻出3,000語に含まれる単語は80%だけなので、語彙は難しめです。
この動画の重要語彙
動画の中で特に難しい単語15語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。
| 単語 | 発音 | 意味 |
|---|---|---|
| violation 名詞 | /ˌvaɪ.əˈleɪ.ʃən/ | 違反 |
| tickle 動詞 | /ˈtɪkl̩/ | 擽る |
| humour 名詞 | /ˈhjuːmɚ/ | ユーモア, 諧謔 |
| neuroplasticity 名詞 | 神経可塑性 | |
| plasticity 名詞 | /ˌplæs.ˈtɪs.ɪ.ti/ | 可塑性 |
| norm 名詞 | /nɔːm/ | 規, 規範 |
| threaten 動詞 | /ˈθɹɛt.n̩/ | 脅す, 脅迫する |
| gameplay 名詞 | /ˈɡeɪmˌpleɪ/ | ゲームプレイ, ゲームメカニクス |
| banger 名詞 | /ˈbæŋ.ə/ | 神曲 |
| demolish 動詞 | /dɪˈmɒl.ɪʃ/ | 崩す, 取り壊す |
| exaggeration 名詞 | /ɪɡˌzæd͡ʒəˈɹeɪʃən/ | 過言, 誇張 |
| giggle 動詞 | /ˈɡɪɡl̩/ | くすくす笑う, けらけら笑う |
| overdo 動詞 | /ˌoʊvɚˈdu/ | やり過ぎる |
| orphan 名詞 | /ˈɔɹfən/ | 孤児 |
| humorous 形容詞 | /ˈhjuːməɹəs/ | ユーモラス, こっけい |
動画に出てくる句動詞
| 単語 | 発音 | 意味 |
|---|---|---|
| throw out 動詞 | /ˈθɹəʊ ˌaʊt/ | 捨てる |
この動画の文法
話し手がよく使っている文型を、動画の実際の表現とともに紹介します。
| 文型 | 動画での表現 |
|---|---|
| 条件文 if + 節, will/would + 動詞 — 条件とその結果 | if I were to say, wouldn't it |
| 現在完了形 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去の出来事が今も関係している | has been refined · haven't played |
| 受動態 be + 過去分詞 — 誰がするかより、何が起きるかに焦点を当てる | has been refined · aren't released |
注意したい発音
話し手はyou're, doesn't, gonnaなど、短縮形や弱形を28回使っています。聞こえたとおりの短い形で発音しましょう。
- 「sh」と「zh」の音: violation /ˌvaɪ.əˈleɪ.ʃən/, demolish /dɪˈmɒl.ɪʃ/, exaggeration /ɪɡˌzæd͡ʒəˈɹeɪʃən/, seizure /ˈsi.ʒɚ/, sheer /ʃɪɚ/
- 長い単語（アクセントの位置に注意）: violation /ˌvaɪ.əˈleɪ.ʃən/, plasticity /ˌplæs.ˈtɪs.ɪ.ti/, exaggeration /ɪɡˌzæd͡ʒəˈɹeɪʃən/, specificity /spɛsɪˈfɪsɪti/, stupidity /stuˈpɪdɪti/
日本語話者が苦手な音：
- /r/ と /l/ の区別 — /l/ は舌先を歯茎につけ、/r/ はどこにもつけない: neural /ˈnʊɹəl/, ramble /ˈɹæmbəl/, slippery /ˈslɪpəɹi/, harmful /ˈhɑɹmfl̩/, helicopter /ˈheliːˌkɔptə(ɹ)/
- /v/ — /b/ にならないように、上の歯を下唇に当てる: violation /ˌvaɪ.əˈleɪ.ʃən/, brevity /ˈbɹɛvɪti/, overdo /ˌoʊvɚˈdu/, visually /ˈvɪzju.əli/, violate /ˈvaɪəˌleɪt/
- /f/ — 「フ」ではなく、上の歯と下唇で出す: dogfight /ˈdɒɡ.faɪt/, refine /ɹɪˈfaɪn/, specificity /spɛsɪˈfɪsɪti/, foe /foʊ/, flop /flɑp/
この動画での練習方法
- まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
- まず0.75倍速で一文ずつシャドーイングし、慣れてきたら通常の速度に戻します。
- 自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。violation, tickle, humourなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。