쉐도잉 연습: Building a Marsbase is a Horrible Idea: Let’s do it! - 영상으로 영어 말하기 배우기

레슨 만드는 중...
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From hostile deserts to lonely islands and the highest mountains, wherever there is space to expand into, humans do so.
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So, it's hardly surprising that we're already making preparations to set foot on Mars
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and to create the first permanent colony outside of Earth, maybe even terraform another planet and turn it into a second blue home. But wait!
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Before we can get to the nice future stuff, we first have to complete the second phase of colonization,
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outpost to prepare the ground for a larger human presence.
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But doing so will be gruesome.
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Even for an expansionist species like us, Mars is extreme.
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At first glance, Mars seems familiar.
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Polar ice caps, large valleys, liquid water under its surface, and a day barely longer than Earth's.
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The ideal place for us to go.
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Unfortunately, Mars is actually a cold, radioactive desert where the ground is poisonous and breathing is impossible.
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Mars is awful.
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You almost certainly don't want to go there.
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The pioneers doing the hard work on Mars will have an intensely stressful life filled with incredibly challenging problems never encountered before.
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But there are plenty of people willing to do that work, and we have the technology to enable them to do it.
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For this video, we will assume there have been prior missions to Mars to scout out a good place for an outpost,
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store resources and equipment, and that there's already a moon base that serves as a hub for Mars missions.
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outpost is the fact that Mars is very energy poor.
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Because of its distance from the Sun, solar power is only 40 % as effective as on Earth.
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But even this weakened sunlight is often obscured for days by enormous dust storms.
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Solar power alone will probably not be enough.
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Alternatives such as wind power and geothermal energy are also unfeasible as there is hardly technology might be the only option.
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Since Mars doesn't have easily accessible radioactive elements, the nuclear fuel needs to come from Earth along with the reactor.
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If we do set it up, it could power our small outpost for the first few years.
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Unfortunately, all that energy won't be very useful if we can't breathe.
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Mars's atmosphere is only 1 % as dense as Earth's and mostly made up of nitrogen and oxygen,
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which comes with more problems.
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Corners and flat walls are weak points, so the habitats will have rounded and smooth shapes to handle the stress of great pressure differences between the interior and exterior.
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The airlocks need to be very airtight and work perfectly every time.
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Without an extensive magnetosphere or a dense atmosphere, half of all radiation coming from space reaches the ground.
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A person on the surface would be subjected to 50 times the radiation that they would be on Earth.
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Three years on the surface of Mars exceeds the radiation dose limits imposed on NASA astronauts for their entire career.
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This increases cancer risks significantly.
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To prevent that, we could shield our habitats with a thick layer of frozen CO2
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that can be harvested directly from the atmosphere.
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Covering the dry ice with a meter of dirt would further increase the level of protection.
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Sadly, this means almost no windows.
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From the inside, most living spaces will be windowless tunnels.
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From the outside, they'll look like burial mounds.
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just enough to be survivable for long periods of time.
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It won't, however, protect anyone who ventures outside.
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So remote -controlled robots will be used for routine work on the surface, while our crew stays inside.
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Staying inside is a good idea for another reason: Mars Dust.
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It's much finer than dust on Earth, so it could find its way into the gears or electronics of our machines.
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Because it's also very dry, it's electrostatically charged, sticking to everything,
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It would be impossible to avoid carrying lots of Mars dust into our habitat and into the lungs of our crew.
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To make this even worse, Mars' soil is filled with very toxic perchlorate salts.
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Constant exposure could be deadly.
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This problem can still be overcome though.
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Space suits, for example, could be made in a way that they never truly enter the base, but stay attached to the outside of the habitats.
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Okay, great.
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them from cancer, we just need to feed them.
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Water is easy to come by if a settlement is positioned near the Martian poles with their thick layers of ice.
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Growing food is a different kind of challenge though.
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Mars' soils are alkaline and lack the vital nitrogen compounds that plants need to grow.
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Before we can grow anything, we will have to decontaminate the soil, which is difficult and expensive.
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Then the soil can be fertilized using recycled All of this will take a lot of time and is very energy intensive.
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So we might use aquaponics to raise fish and plants together, making the astronauts' diets more varied and tasty at the same time.
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This will be an important psychological boost for our overworked crew.
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All of these things don't solve one fundamental problem though.
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Mars has only 38 % of Earth's surface gravity, which could cause muscle wasting,
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bone loss, While this might be solved in the future by setting up rotating living spaces,
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for now our crew has to live with low gravity and exercise a lot to slow the degradation down.
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The crews will probably have to rotate every few years, after being stuck indoors in tight spaces without windows,
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with the same people, performing the same routines day in day out, with little contact from the outside world and a lot to worry about.
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undergo intense psychological screening to make sure they are mentally resilient enough to handle this lifestyle for several years.
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Establishing the first real infrastructure on Mars will be extremely taxing work
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that only a group of very determined and competent people can do.
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Luckily, we have enough of these on Earth.
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And there you have it, a small Mars base that will survive for at least a few decades.
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As from Earth.
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Unfortunately, Mars and Earth are separated by millions of kilometers
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and orbital periods that leave only a narrow travel window every two years.
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If there's an emergency in the colony, Earth wouldn't be able to help until the next travel window opens.
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Helpers may arrive on a planet filled with corpses.
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Settling Mars will be the toughest challenge we have ever faced.
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It will like extreme challenges.
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If we push through phase two of colonization, anything is possible.
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Cities illuminating the dark Martian night, a hub for travel between the planets, industries setting foot in orbit,
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terraforming, a true multi -planetary future.
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Going to Mars is hard but worth it, and if we're lucky, we might be around long enough to see it happening
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and cheer on the people who take on these challenges for the benefit of us all.

왜 이 영상을 통해 말하는 연습을 해야 할까요?

이번 영상은 인간이 화성을 탐사하고 정착하는 과정을 다루고 있습니다. 화성은 이미 고립된 환경과 극단적인 조건으로 유명한데, 이러한 주제를 영어로 표현함으로써 다양한 상황에서의 대화 능력을 키울 수 있습니다. 특히 영어 회화 연습을 통해 복잡한 개념을 설명하고, 다양한 문제 해결 방안을 논의하는 능력을 배양할 수 있습니다. 유튜브에서 영어로 된 콘텐츠를 시청하고 그 내용을 회화로 연습함으로써, 실생활에서의 말하기 능력과 유창성을 높이는 데 도움이 됩니다. 영상의 내용을 이해하고 연습하면 유튜브 영어 공부에 더욱 효과성을 더할 수 있습니다.

맥락 속의 문법과 표현

영상에서 사용된 몇 가지 중요한 문법 구조 및 표현을 살펴보겠습니다:

  • “Even for an expansionist species like us,” – 이 표현은 특정 대상을 강조하며 부연 설명을 하는 구조입니다. 이렇게 특정 대상을 명확히 하는 것은 의사소통에서 매우 중요합니다.
  • “Unfortunately, all that energy won't be very useful if we can't breathe.” – 조건문을 사용하여 상황의 결과를 이야기하는 이 구조는 불확실성을 표현하는 데 유용합니다. 이를 통해 상대방과의 대화에서 예측하거나 문제를 제기하는 방법을 배울 수 있습니다.
  • “To prevent that, we could shield our habitats…” – 여기서 'could'는 가능성을 나타내며 의견 제시에 적합한 구조입니다. 이러한 표현을 사용하여 자신의 의견이나 제안을 표현하는 연습이 중요합니다.

일반적인 발음 함정

영상에서 발음할 때 주의해야 할 몇 가지 단어와 억양을 소개합니다:

  • “Mars” – 이 단어의 정확한 발음이 중요합니다. 원어민들은 짧고 강하게 발음하며, 마르스(Mars)라고 하지 않고 '마스'에 가까운 소리로 발음합니다.
  • “Radiation” – 이 단어는 강세가 중간에 있기 때문에 초보자들은 잘못 발음하는 경우가 많습니다. 정확한 발음을 통해 상대방에게 명확하게 전달할 수 있도록 연습이 필요합니다.
  • “Extremely”와 “Environment” – 이 두 단어는 종종 중요 단어를 강조하는 상황에서 등장하며, 발음할 때 원어민의 억양을 익히는 것이 좋습니다. 영어 발음 교정을 통해 이러한 부분을 수정할 수 있습니다.

다양한 발음 및 문법 구조를 익히는 과정에서 shadowspeak 기법을 활용하여 실질적으로 말하는 연습을 하는 것이 유익합니다. 이러한 훈련은 영어 실력 향상에 큰 도움을 줄 것입니다.

이 영상의 문법

화자가 가장 많이 쓰는 문형을 영상 속 실제 표현과 함께 정리했습니다.

문형영상 속 표현
수동태 be + 과거분사 — 누가 하는지보다 무슨 일이 일어나는지에 초점is often obscured · would be subjected · can be harvested
현재완료 have/has + 과거분사 — 과거의 일이 지금도 관련이 있을 때have been · have rounded · have ever faced
관계절 who / which + 절 — 사람이나 사물에 대한 추가 정보anyone who ventures · soil, which is · people who take

쉐도잉이란? 영어 실력을 빠르게 키우는 과학적 방법

쉐도잉(Shadowing)은 원래 전문 통역사 훈련을 위해 개발된 언어 학습 기법으로, 다언어 학자인 Dr. Alexander Arguelles에 의해 대중화된 방법입니다. 핵심 원리는 간단하지만 매우 강력합니다: 원어민의 영어를 들으면서 1~2초의 짧은 지연으로 즉시 소리 내어 따라 말하는 것——마치 '그림자(shadow)'처럼 화자를 따라가는 것입니다. 문법 공부나 수동적인 청취와 달리, 쉐도잉은 뇌와 입 근육이 동시에 실시간으로 영어를 처리하고 재현하도록 훈련합니다. 연구에 따르면 이 방법은 발음 정확도, 억양, 리듬, 연음, 청취력, 말하기 유창성을 크게 향상시킵니다. IELTS 스피킹 준비와 자연스러운 영어 소통을 원하는 분들에게 특히 효과적입니다.

섀도잉 방법: 단계별 전체 가이드 읽기 →