쉐도잉 연습: In conversation with: Hans Troyer - 영상으로 영어 말하기 배우기
레슨 만드는 중...
1
Kilian: How do you see yourself in the future, in running?
2
Hans: I'm a huge fan of both you and Jim Walmsley. You two are my top athletes in the sport, so of course I'm trying to do a lot of the things you both did.
3
Kilian: It's very cool to talk with you while you are still so young, almost like you are just starting. I remember being your age. How old are you now?
4
Hans: I'm 26.
5
Kilian: I remember that age being so fun. You are discovering races, discovering your capacities, and finding out what you are able to do. That excitement is something pretty unique.
6
Hans: It's a cool place to be. I was talking with Hayden Hawks two weeks ago, and we talked about the "Kilian effect." For the runners five years younger than you, there is this huge generation of trail runners who were inspired by you to start trail running. Obviously, that brought in some really talented people.
7
Hans: I feel like there has almost been a skip in generations. You don't see many 25-to-30-year-olds, so I feel like I'm in a unique spot, almost alone in my age group, which is interesting.
8
Kilian: Yes. You still have that youthful excitement, but at the same time you already have experience. You have been running for a few years, you know how to race, and you know how to execute. That makes it the perfect moment.
9
Kilian: What you have done over the last two years, breaking records and pushing limits, has been exciting to follow. It is cool to see how your generation is pushing the limits so much further.
10
Kilian: You are not afraid to look at what came before and think, "I can go faster." Jim Walmsley ran incredibly fast, and you think you can run faster. Jim probably saw Scott Jurek and thought the same thing. That is how the sport evolves, each generation looks at the one before and believes it can improve.
11
Hans: Yes, it's about taking notes, learning, and trying to improve. I also think the sport is professionalizing. In the past, people had a trail-running season, then a ski season, and so on. I grew up in Georgia, so there was no ski season. I just trained year-round.
12
Hans: With things like high-carb fueling and all the new knowledge, I listen to podcasts, read books, take notes, and try to be a student of the sport. I am willing to sacrifice a lot to do everything I can to get faster. I think it's a really cool time in the sport, and over the next 10 years we will probably see a lot of change.
13
Kilian: Yes. As you said, people are becoming more professional. Not only the athletes, but also the structures around them. Before, athletes might have been professional, but they were often alone. Now there are coaches, nutritionists, and many more people bringing knowledge into the sport.
14
Kilian: How did you end up doing Western States, coming from Georgia?
15
Hans: In college, when I was running, I started reading trail-running books. I read one of your books, Scott Jurek's books, Dean Karnazes, David Goggins, and others. In Scott Jurek's Eat and Run, he talked about Western States over and over again, and that intrigued me.
16
Hans: Then we started putting on the livestream for some of those years, so I started watching the race. At first, I was oblivious to how hard trail running actually is. I remember seeing the paces and thinking, "I could run that pace, that should be easy." Hans: Then I was surprised when I started running trail races and realized, no, these are very fast times. I quickly became fascinated by it. The prestige of Western States itself, and the fact that everyone who has won it is legendary, makes it really exciting for me to compete there.
17
Kilian: It is fun to see how people start trail running. You came from a track background, running in school, while other people come from mountain sports. But in the end we are all doing the same thing, running on trails.
18
Hans: I want to read more of your books, but I read Run or Die. In the early chapters you talked about the value you found in endurance and athletic performance. I remember relating to that so much.
19
Hans: When I first got into trail running, I had no intention of going pro. I did not think I was capable of that. All I knew was that I thought it was so cool to push myself to my limits and explore mountains. That was entirely intrinsic motivation.
20
Hans: I found so much value in that, and I want to thank you for it. You showed me that other people felt the same way, and I really appreciated that.
21
Kilian: Thanks, man. It is nice to inspire athletes like you to push things forward. You moved to Colorado so you could train more for this, and you are really committed.
22
Kilian: What does your training ecosystem look like? Do you have a coach? A nutritionist? A strength coach?
23
Hans: My coach is David Roche. I do not have a nutritionist, and my diet could definitely be better.
24
Kilian: Then you have something to improve. That is good. Knowing that there are things you can improve is always useful.
25
Hans: Absolutely. I focus more on calories than anything else, so I eat a lot of frozen pizza, burgers, and things like that. I know it could be better, but I am slowly adapting as I go.
26
Hans: David helps me a lot. I did my undergraduate degree in kinesiology, then went back and got my master's in kinesiology. I like exercise science, so I enjoy having a bit of a say in things like strength training. David and I talk about training in different ways, and it is fun for me to experiment.
27
Kilian: You have to find your own way and discover what works for you. The principle of individuality is something we often forget. We see someone doing something and think we should do the same, but we all adapt differently to different types of stimuli.
28
Hans: Definitely. With the age of media we live in now, you could almost say media can act as a coach. Listening to podcasts and reading books gives you access to so much information. It is a huge resource today.
29
Kilian: Yes, but the challenge is knowing which parts of that information are relevant and which are not. We have access to so much information, but it is difficult to separate what is truly useful from what is not.
30
Kilian: It is the same with other athletes. Talented people can do very stupid things and still have good results. You might see someone doing something and think, "I should do the same," but it may not be the right thing for you. Finding the right way takes time and experience.
31
Hans: Yes. Western States is in three days. I am from the United States, so that race really fits me. But I am also fascinated by UTMB, so I am racing CCC this year.
32
Kilian: I think that race will suit you well.
33
Hans: I think so too. It will be a good introduction to European racing. I have never been to Europe, so it should be a great introduction. But at least in my competitive career, I think Western States and UTMB will be my two target races.
34
Hans: We will see where that goes. Right now I am obsessed with the competitive side of the sport, but I also love adventures. Things like States of Elevation are so cool to me.
35
Hans: It was really cool that I got to come out for that. It was so windy and so cold. People asked what we talked about, and I told them that half the time we could barely hear each other because of the wind. But it was a really cool experience.
36
Hans: Maybe long adventures like that could be something for me later on. But right now I am pretty obsessed with Western States and UTMB.
37
Kilian: Those are huge goals, but you definitely have all the ingredients to succeed. As you said, you are a student of the sport. Understanding your body and how you function is very important if you want to win these races.
38
Hans: Do you have any advice for me, as someone early in my career trying to tackle these big goals?
39
Kilian: I think you already have this openness to learning, and to learning about your body. That is very important. In long-distance racing, it is a lot about resilience. At our level, almost everyone can run the first six, seven, or eight hours at the pace we run.
40
Kilian: But what happens from there to the finish line is what matters. In Western States, it might be the last five hours. In UTMB, it might be the last 10 hours. The question is who is more resilient metabolically, muscularly, and in every other way.
41
Kilian: That is difficult to figure out, and it requires experience. Your race here last year was very valuable because it probably helped you understand the race better. Small things you do can change the outcome. In a short race, they may not matter much, but in a long race they do.
42
Kilian: A lot of it is about listening to your body. You need to understand your fueling, your muscles, and what you are feeling. Can you eat a bit more? Do you need to eat a bit less? It is good to have a plan, but you also need to adapt while racing. You might say, "That was the plan, but now I feel I need to adjust it." That is very important in races like this.
43
Hans: Absolutely. I think you said something in one of your videos last year. You said you were chasing physiological changes over decades. I loved that. I thought that was so powerful because so many people are chasing quick fitness.
44
Hans: Real fitness comes from months and years of changing the body. I have used that quote all year when talking to people.
45
Kilian: We all want the easy solution. Take this pill and you will get stronger. Do this interval session and you will get stronger. But reality is not like that. When you look at successful athletes, they have been doing this for decades.
46
Kilian: Even successful young athletes have usually been practicing sport or physical activity for many years. Being able to stay healthy and train week after week, day after day, month after month, and year after year changes your biology. That is what makes you the athlete you are today.
47
Kilian: It is rare for young athletes to have that mindset. Many want to perform immediately. They say, "I want to train for four months and perform. What should I do?" The answer is to be patient. Things arrive over time. I think you have that mindset, and that will make you great.
48
Hans: That is good to hear. David and I talk about that a lot. I hope my competitive career will last another 12 to 14 years if everything goes according to plan. The question is how to train hard, stay fit, avoid injury, avoid overtraining, and be patient.
49
Kilian: It is better to be able to train every day for years than to do one crazy session and then be injured. I wish you the best of luck.
50
Hans: Thanks. Hopefully we can admire the terrain together again, like last year.
51
Hans: One of my memories from last year was when we were in the high country. I think you were right behind me, and I kept looking left. You said, "It's beautiful, isn't it?" Kilian: It is beautiful. We cannot take for granted that we are able to do this. It is amazing.
52
Hans: Absolutely. Thanks for having me on. This is really cool. And thanks for everything you have done for the sport. Like I said, I am a huge fan, and I am honored to be racing you again on Saturday.
53
Kilian: Same to you. I wish you the best of luck.
54
Hans: Perfect. This is exciting.
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이 레슨의 어휘와 말하기 포인트
이 B2 수준 말하기 레슨은 영상 “In conversation with: Hans Troyer”을(를) 바탕으로 합니다. 가장 자주 반복되는 단어는 다음과 같습니다: Hans, Kilian, race, running, sport. 이 영상에는 섀도잉할 문장 54개와 단어 2060개가 있습니다. 말하는 구간의 길이는 16:25입니다. 화자는 분당 약 126단어의 일정한 속도로 말해서 섀도잉하기에 편한 속도입니다. 단어의 84%가 영어에서 가장 많이 쓰이는 3,000단어에 속합니다. 나머지는 연습 전에 미리 확인해 두세요. 전체 54문장 중 10문장이 질문이어서 의문문 억양과 짧은 대답을 연습하기에 좋습니다.
이 영상의 핵심 어휘
영상에서 가장 어려운 단어 15개를 발음, 뜻과 함께 정리했습니다.
| 단어 | 발음 | 뜻 |
|---|---|---|
| athlete 명사 | /ˈæθ.liːt/ | 육상 경기(陸上競技) 선수, 육상 선수 |
| adapt 동사 | /əˈdæpt/ | 적응하다 |
| podcast 명사 | /ˈpɑdˌkæst/ | 팟캐스트 |
| runner 명사 | /ˈɹʌnɚ/ | 주자 |
| carbohydrate 명사 | /kɑɹboʊˈhaɪdɹeɪt/ | 탄수화물 |
| injure 동사 | /ˈɪn.d͡ʒɚ/ | 해치다 |
| intrigue 명사 | /ˈɪntɹiːɡ/ | 음모 |
| intrinsic 형용사 | /ɪnˈtɹɪn.zɪk/ | 본질적인 |
| windy 형용사 | /ˈwɪn.di/ | 바람 부는 |
| resilience 명사 | /ɹɪˈzɪl.ɪ.əns/ | 탄성 |
| calorie 명사 | /ˈkæləɹi/ | 칼로리 |
| ingredient 명사 | /ɪnˈɡɹiːdi.ənt/ | 성분 |
| endurance 명사 | /ɪnˈdʊɹəns/ | 지구력 |
| prestige 명사 | /pɹɛsˈtiːd͡ʒ/ | 위신, 명망 |
| interval 명사 | /ˈɪntɚvəl/ | 간격 |
영상에 나오는 구동사
| 단어 | 뜻 |
|---|---|
| go back 동사 | 돌아가다 |
따라 말해 볼 만한 문장
영상에 나오는 짧고 완결된 문장으로, 일상 대화에서 그대로 쓸 수 있습니다:
- How old are you now?
- Do you have a coach?
- Can you eat a bit more?
- Do you need to eat a bit less?
이 영상의 문법
화자가 가장 많이 쓰는 문형을 영상 속 실제 표현과 함께 정리했습니다.
| 문형 | 영상 속 표현 |
|---|---|
| 현재완료진행 have/has been + -ing — 전에 시작해 지금도 계속되는 동작 | have been running · have been doing · have usually been practicing |
| 현재완료 have/has + 과거분사 — 과거의 일이 지금도 관련이 있을 때 | have done · has won · have never been |
| 수동태 be + 과거분사 — 누가 하는지보다 무슨 일이 일어나는지에 초점 | were inspired · be injured |
| 관계절 who / which + 절 — 사람이나 사물에 대한 추가 정보 | group, which is · everyone who has |
주의할 발음
화자는 I'm, don't, isn't 같은 축약형과 약화된 형태를 6번 사용합니다. 들리는 대로 짧게 발음하세요.
- “th” 소리: athlete /ˈæθ.liːt/, youthful /ˈjuθfəl/, athletic /æθˈlɛt.ɪk/
- 긴 단어 — 강세 위치에 주의: nutritionist /njuːˈtɹɪʃ.ənɪst/, kinesiology /kəˌni.ziˈɔ.lə.d͡ʒɪ/, carbohydrate /kɑɹboʊˈhaɪdɹeɪt/, individuality /ˌɪndɪvɪd͡ʒuˈælɪti/, physiological /ˌfɪz.i.əˈlɑ.d͡ʒɪ.kəl/
한국어 화자가 어려워하는 소리:
- /f/ — ㅍ(/p/)으로 바꾸지 말고 윗니를 아랫입술에 대기: fascinate /ˈfæsɪneɪt/, physiological /ˌfɪz.i.əˈlɑ.d͡ʒɪ.kəl/, youthful /ˈjuθfəl/, freeze /ˈfɹiːz/
- /v/ — ㅂ(/b/)과 구별하기: individuality /ˌɪndɪvɪd͡ʒuˈælɪti/, oblivious /əˈblɪviəs/, interval /ˈɪntɚvəl/, evolve /ɪˈvɑlv/
- /z/ — ㅈ이 아니라 성대를 울리는 /s/: kinesiology /kəˌni.ziˈɔ.lə.d͡ʒɪ/, intrinsic /ɪnˈtɹɪn.zɪk/, resilient /ɹɪˈzɪl.jənt/, physiological /ˌfɪz.i.əˈlɑ.d͡ʒɪ.kəl/, resilience /ɹɪˈzɪl.ɪ.əns/
이 영상으로 연습하는 방법
- 먼저 말하지 않고 영상을 끝까지 듣고 모르는 단어를 적어 둡니다.
- 보통 속도로 한 문장씩 섀도잉하고, 화자의 리듬과 맞을 때까지 반복합니다.
- 자신의 목소리를 녹음해 원본과 비교하고, athlete, adapt, podcast 같은 단어에 특히 주의합니다.
쉐도잉이란? 영어 실력을 빠르게 키우는 과학적 방법
쉐도잉(Shadowing)은 원래 전문 통역사 훈련을 위해 개발된 언어 학습 기법으로, 다언어 학자인 Dr. Alexander Arguelles에 의해 대중화된 방법입니다. 핵심 원리는 간단하지만 매우 강력합니다: 원어민의 영어를 들으면서 1~2초의 짧은 지연으로 즉시 소리 내어 따라 말하는 것——마치 '그림자(shadow)'처럼 화자를 따라가는 것입니다. 문법 공부나 수동적인 청취와 달리, 쉐도잉은 뇌와 입 근육이 동시에 실시간으로 영어를 처리하고 재현하도록 훈련합니다. 연구에 따르면 이 방법은 발음 정확도, 억양, 리듬, 연음, 청취력, 말하기 유창성을 크게 향상시킵니다. IELTS 스피킹 준비와 자연스러운 영어 소통을 원하는 분들에게 특히 효과적입니다.