쉐도잉 연습: Part 4 Early history of salt - 영상으로 영어 말하기 배우기

Part 4.

You will hear part of a presentation about the early history of salt.

First, you have some time to look at questions 31 to 40.

Thank you.

Now, listen carefully and answer questions 31 to 40.

In my presentation, I'm going to talk about salt.

In modern times, when we talk about salt, people may associate it with high blood pressure or increased heart risk,

and many health experts warn that we should use less salt in our meals and dishes.

However, we should not ignore its importance in our cuisine and even in early human history.

Salt is one of the oldest, most ubiquitous food seasonings.

The taste of salt is one of the basic human tastes.

More importantly, salt plays an indispensable role in the health of human beings.

For example, it regulates the body's acid-base balance.

Because of its importance to survival, salt has often been considered a valuable commodity during human history.

This can be tracked all the way back to ancient Greece, ancient Egypt and ancient Rome, when salt was highly valued and used as a method of trade and currency.

In ancient Rome, the busiest road leading to the city was the via salaria, which means the salt root in English.

A soldier's pay, which partly consisted of salt, was known as salarium argentum in Latin, from which we derived the English word salary.

A soldier's salary was cut if he was not worth his salt, an expression still used today.

In fact, salt was not only the first condiment discovered, but also the first preservative.

We know today that food goes bad because microorganisms in the food multiply in abundance,

and a high salt environment is not conducive to microbial reproduction.

Extremely high concentrations of salt can even kill microorganisms in the food.

The ancients certainly didn't know this, but they did know that salted food can be preserved for a long time.

The use of salt as a preservative can be traced to ancient Sweden.

At first, hunting was the principal means of livelihood.

In this case, meat supplies were unlikely to be frequent.

What's more, fewer animals were available for hunting.

In order to ensure the supply of meat, many families in Sweden began to raise animals in the surrounding forests during the summer,

when the weather was suitable for animals to survive.

These animals were fed every day until about three to four months later.

That's in October, they were ready to be butchered for meat, and that was the only month when ancient Swedish people had fresh meat on their table.

Then, with the continuous increase in productivity, people finally had some meat left.

However, how to store the meat had become a headache until someone invented a whole new way to preserve food, salting.

People tried to keep meat from going bad by adding some salt to it, and it could be preserved for several months and even years.

There was evidence that salt was widely used to preserve meat.

Historical documents in 1573 recorded the Swedish king's everyday meals,

mentioning that 175 pounds of meat was consumed each year, but over 150 pounds was salty.

From this, we can clearly see the importance of salt in Sweden at that time.

In addition, the documents also noted the annual sales of beer in Sweden soared during that period,

and this must be related to high levels of salt in their food.

Now, let's turn to the sources of salt.

Where is salt from?

Well, salt is common in nature.

It has long been found that salt can be extracted from seawater, mineral deposits, saline lakes, brine,

spring, etc., among which the two most important ones are oceans and basins.

On the floor of the latter often lie deserts where traces of salt can be found, such as the Sahara.

Furthermore, the quality of different salt types varies a lot.

For example, salt from seawater is always mixed with impurities, so after the salt is dried,

the sediments and other chemicals need to be purified before eating.

However, this is not the case with salt from spring water.

We can hardly find any impurities and the salt level is much more concentrated.

Then, how did people distribute salt around the world?

Of course, in modern times we have various ways of transporting goods, but in ancient times it was not the case.

Take ancient Sweden we mentioned before as an example.

Because of the heavy use of salt in the diet, Sweden could not feed itself and had to import large amounts of salt from other countries.

In order to make sure they could buy enough salt from abroad, the Swedish had to attach great importance to shipping and keep it undamaged,

as it was the most crucial way at that time.

While in other ancient countries, in order to distribute salt to other places, groups of men were employed.

They put bags of salt on their shoulders or backs and moved them to the surrounding regions, and gradually these people were considered as a mode of transport in early times.

Later, with the improvement of traffic conditions, salt trade between different regions was boosted, and long-distance food trade was also promoted,

making communication between different cultures more frequent and.. and...

쉐도잉이란? 영어 실력을 빠르게 키우는 과학적 방법

쉐도잉(Shadowing)은 원래 전문 통역사 훈련을 위해 개발된 언어 학습 기법으로, 다언어 학자인 Dr. Alexander Arguelles에 의해 대중화된 방법입니다. 핵심 원리는 간단하지만 매우 강력합니다: 원어민의 영어를 들으면서 1~2초의 짧은 지연으로 즉시 소리 내어 따라 말하는 것——마치 '그림자(shadow)'처럼 화자를 따라가는 것입니다. 문법 공부나 수동적인 청취와 달리, 쉐도잉은 뇌와 입 근육이 동시에 실시간으로 영어를 처리하고 재현하도록 훈련합니다. 연구에 따르면 이 방법은 발음 정확도, 억양, 리듬, 연음, 청취력, 말하기 유창성을 크게 향상시킵니다. IELTS 스피킹 준비와 자연스러운 영어 소통을 원하는 분들에게 특히 효과적입니다.

쉐도잉 연습: Part 4 Early history of salt - 영상으로 영어 말하기 배우기

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