Shadowing Practice: Eyewitness reliability: Đề thi IELTS LISTENING (actual test) - Learn English Speaking with Video
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Now turn to section 3 on page 5.
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Section 3.
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You will hear two law students called Eleanor
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and Jamie discussing their work on whether the evidence given by people who witness crimes is reliable.
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First, you have some time to look at questions 21 to 26 on page 5.
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Thank you.
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Now listen carefully and answer questions 21 to 26.
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Hi Jamie, I've just been reading this book about eyewitness testimonies.
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It really goes into how much we can actually rely on what the people who witness crimes actually say
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and what things influence eyewitness reliability.
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Oh, I've read a couple of case studies on that too.
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Can we compare notes?
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Good idea!
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It's fascinating to learn that eyewitness identification is such compelling evidence in both civil and criminal trials.
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You mean if a witness says something, generally they're believed?
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And reading between the lines, I'd say that when a witness gives evidence in a very self-assured way, everyone takes them at their word.
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Whether they're a doctor who speaks with an assumed authority, or the average person in the street, it doesn't seem to matter as much as their manner.
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Right.
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So, is that textbook worth reading?
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Yes, it's a good book, divided into user-friendly sections.
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It refers to case studies and the conclusions are clearly underlined.
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But actually, some of the cases are more than ten years old now.
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Well, it's the same problem with the survey reports our tutor gave us.
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But at least they draw on a representative sample.
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That's good.
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All the books point out that eyewitness statements are very often unreliable.
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But there can be good reasons for that.
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Like an incident may happen at night in the dark.
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Or it happened some way away.
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But it's the fact that it can happen in just a split second that makes the witness's account so unreliable.
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That point's made very strongly in what I've read too.
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Yeah.
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Have you read anything about photo identifications?
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Yes, about the procedure and the reliability of witnesses looking at photos of different people and picking out the suspect.
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The case studies all clearly show how easy it is to sway a witness's choice of photo, even just by the flicker of an eye.
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But steps have been taken now to avoid this happening.
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And are the witnesses told exactly what they have to do?
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Mostly.
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But the trouble is, most people focus on the photos
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and choose the most likely suspect from the bunch and forget about the actual incident and who they saw at the time.
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And I read something about a naive observer.
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Do you know what that is?
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Is it a witness who's never been in a court before?
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Oh, I understood it to mean someone who's had nothing to do with the event, and they're asked to look at the photos and pick out the potential suspect. That figures.
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Then they can see if the photos are a good set and make sure one person doesn't stand out.
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Another thing I read was that witnesses don't like to change their minds once they've made a particular statement.
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I thought people might worry about the fact
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that they told a lie in court
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and think they might be punished in some way but it's simply that they're afraid of seeming unintelligent or lightweight.
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Yeah, people are reluctant to lose face.
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Imagine if a case had been going on for weeks and you suddenly realised you'd got something wrong right at the beginning.
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Before you hear the rest of the discussion, you have some time to look at questions 27 to 30 on page 6.
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Now listen and answer questions 27 to 30.
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Changing the topic slightly, can I just check with you what you've understood about the problems of interviewing child witnesses
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when they've witnessed, for example, a robbery?
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Yes.
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Did you get the handout about the stages that should be followed when children are interviewed?
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Yes.
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The rapport stage, when a relationship between the child and the interviewer is built up, seems to be crucial.
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But many children fail to say anything that provides any real information.
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It must be hard for them not to feel a bit scared about being in a formal setting like a court building.
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Still, it's a good lead-in to open-ended questions, where the interviewer carefully sticks to their prepared questions in order to remain neutral.
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I can see the point of that.
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But the handout discusses the issue of children simply not understanding the specialist language used, so the whole interview just gets more puzzling for them.
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I think the stage called closed questions is easier for children to handle,
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they just have to answer yes or no. But everything's not so clear-cut in a child's world,
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and abstract concepts such as honesty haven't been fully grasped by young children.
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You mean they make things up?
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Apparently.
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And in the final stage, closure, where the interviewer has to check anything that hasn't been made clear to them by repeating previous questions,
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children often become suspicious of the questioner.
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It must require lots of training to be able to interview children successfully.
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Yes, I think...
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That is the end of Section 3.
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You now have half a minute to check your answers.
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Thank you.
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Thank you.
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Woordenschat en spreektips bij deze les
Deze spreekles op niveau B2 is gebaseerd op de video “Eyewitness reliability: Đề thi IELTS LISTENING”. Deze woorden komen het vaakst terug: questions, photo, witness, eyewitness, witnesses. Deze video bevat 77 zinnen en 878 woorden om na te spreken. Het gesproken deel duurt 7:53. De spreker praat in een gelijkmatig tempo van ongeveer 111 woorden per minuut, prettig om te shadowen. 86% van de woorden hoort bij de 3.000 meest gebruikte Engelse woorden; de rest kun je beter vooraf bekijken.
Belangrijke woorden in deze video
De 15 moeilijkste woorden uit de video, met uitspraak en betekenis:
| Woord | Uitspraak | Betekenis |
|---|---|---|
| eyewitness zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈaɪˌwɪt.nəs/ | ooggetuige |
| interviewer zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈɪntɚvjuɚ/ | interviewer, interviewster |
| handout zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈhændˌaʊt/ | handout, hand-out |
| unreliable bijvoeglijk naamwoord | /ˌʌn.ɹəˈlaɪ.ə.bəl/ | onbetrouwbaar |
| reliability zelfstandig naamwoord | betrouwbaarheid | |
| identification zelfstandig naamwoord | /aɪˌdɛn(t)ɪfɪˈkeɪʃn̩/ | identificatie, identificeren |
| compel werkwoord | /kəmˈpɛl/ | bedwingen |
| fascinate werkwoord | /ˈfæsɪneɪt/ | fascineren |
| rapport zelfstandig naamwoord | /ɹæˈpɔɹ/ | verstandhouding |
| underline werkwoord | /ˈʌndɚˌlaɪn/ | onderlijnen, onderstrepen |
| sway werkwoord | /ˈsweɪ̯/ | zwaaien |
| tutor zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈtjuːtəː/ | studiebegeleider, mentor |
| naive bijvoeglijk naamwoord | /naɪˈiv/ | naïef, tegen beter weten in |
| textbook zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈtɛkst.bʊk/ | studieboek, handboek |
| reluctant bijvoeglijk naamwoord | /ɹɪˈlʌktənt/ | aarzelend, schoorvoetend |
Phrasal verbs die je zult horen
| Woord | Betekenis |
|---|---|
| build up werkwoord | opstapelen |
| point out werkwoord | aanwijzen, aanduiden |
Zinnen om te herhalen
Korte, volledige zinnen uit de video die je in alledaagse gesprekken kunt gebruiken:
- Can we compare notes?
- You mean if a witness says something, generally they're believed?
- Have you read anything about photo identifications?
- Do you know what that is?
- You mean they make things up?
Grammatica in deze video
De structuren die de spreker het meest gebruikt, met de exacte woorden uit de video:
| Structuur | In de video |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + voltooid deelwoord — iets uit het verleden dat nu nog telt | I've read · Have you read · have been taken |
| Lijdende vorm be + voltooid deelwoord — het gaat om wat er gebeurt, niet om wie het doet | have been taken · might be punished · should be followed |
| Betrekkelijke bijzinnen who / which + zin — extra informatie over een persoon of ding | people who witness |
Uitspraak om op te letten
De spreker gebruikt 17 samentrekkingen en verkorte vormen, zoals they're, I've, doesn't. Spreek ze kort uit, zoals je ze hoort.
- De klanken “sh” en “zh”: identification /aɪˌdɛn(t)ɪfɪˈkeɪʃn̩/, punish /ˈpʌnɪʃ/, assure /əˈʃʊɹ/, suspicious /səˈspɪʃ.əs/, closure /ˈkloʊ.ʒɚ/
- Lange woorden — let op de klemtoon: unreliable /ˌʌn.ɹəˈlaɪ.ə.bəl/, identification /aɪˌdɛn(t)ɪfɪˈkeɪʃn̩/, unintelligent /ˌʌnənˈtɛləd͡ʒənt/, testimony /ˈtɛstɪmoʊni/
Klanken die Nederlandstaligen lastig vinden:
- Stemhebbende eindmedeklinker — /b/, /d/, /g/, /z/, /v/ niet verscherpen: naive /naɪˈiv/, divide /dɪˈvaɪd/
- /æ/ — opener dan de Nederlandse “e”: handout /ˈhændˌaʊt/, fascinate /ˈfæsɪneɪt/, rapport /ɹæˈpɔɹ/, grasp /ɡɹæsp/, abstract /ˈæbˌstɹækt/
- /w/ — met ronde lippen: eyewitness /ˈaɪˌwɪt.nəs/, sway /ˈsweɪ̯/, lightweight /ˈlaɪt.weɪt/
Zo oefen je met deze video
- Luister de hele video één keer zonder te spreken en noteer de woorden die je niet kent.
- Spreek zin voor zin na op normale snelheid en herhaal elke zin tot je ritme gelijk is aan dat van de spreker.
- Neem jezelf op en vergelijk met het origineel; let daarbij op woorden als eyewitness, interviewer, handout.
Wat is de Shadowing-techniek?
Shadowing is een wetenschappelijk onderbouwde taalleermethode die oorspronkelijk is ontwikkeld voor professionele tolkentraining en gepopulariseerd door polyglot Dr. Alexander Arguelles. De methode is eenvoudig maar krachtig: je luistert naar native Engelse audio en herhaalt het onmiddellijk hardop — als een schaduw die de spreker volgt met slechts 1–2 seconden vertraging. In tegenstelling tot passief luisteren of grammaticadrills, dwingt shadowing je hersenen en mondspieren om echte spraakpatronen tegelijkertijd te verwerken en te reproduceren. Onderzoek toont aan dat het de uitspraaknauwkeurigheid, intonatie, ritme, verbonden spraak, luisterbegrip en spreekvaardigheid aanzienlijk verbetert — waardoor het een van de meest effectieve methoden is voor IELTS Speaking-voorbereiding en echte Engelse communicatie.