Prática de Shadowing: Eyewitness reliability: Đề thi IELTS LISTENING (actual test) - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo

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Now turn to section 3 on page 5.
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Section 3.
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You will hear two law students called Eleanor
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and Jamie discussing their work on whether the evidence given by people who witness crimes is reliable.
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First, you have some time to look at questions 21 to 26 on page 5.
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Thank you.
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Now listen carefully and answer questions 21 to 26.
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Hi Jamie, I've just been reading this book about eyewitness testimonies.
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It really goes into how much we can actually rely on what the people who witness crimes actually say
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and what things influence eyewitness reliability.
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Oh, I've read a couple of case studies on that too.
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Can we compare notes?
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Good idea!
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It's fascinating to learn that eyewitness identification is such compelling evidence in both civil and criminal trials.
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You mean if a witness says something, generally they're believed?
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And reading between the lines, I'd say that when a witness gives evidence in a very self-assured way, everyone takes them at their word.
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Whether they're a doctor who speaks with an assumed authority, or the average person in the street, it doesn't seem to matter as much as their manner.
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Right.
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So, is that textbook worth reading?
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Yes, it's a good book, divided into user-friendly sections.
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It refers to case studies and the conclusions are clearly underlined.
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But actually, some of the cases are more than ten years old now.
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Well, it's the same problem with the survey reports our tutor gave us.
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But at least they draw on a representative sample.
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That's good.
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All the books point out that eyewitness statements are very often unreliable.
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But there can be good reasons for that.
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Like an incident may happen at night in the dark.
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Or it happened some way away.
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But it's the fact that it can happen in just a split second that makes the witness's account so unreliable.
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That point's made very strongly in what I've read too.
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Yeah.
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Have you read anything about photo identifications?
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Yes, about the procedure and the reliability of witnesses looking at photos of different people and picking out the suspect.
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The case studies all clearly show how easy it is to sway a witness's choice of photo, even just by the flicker of an eye.
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But steps have been taken now to avoid this happening.
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And are the witnesses told exactly what they have to do?
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Mostly.
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But the trouble is, most people focus on the photos
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and choose the most likely suspect from the bunch and forget about the actual incident and who they saw at the time.
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And I read something about a naive observer.
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Do you know what that is?
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Is it a witness who's never been in a court before?
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Oh, I understood it to mean someone who's had nothing to do with the event, and they're asked to look at the photos and pick out the potential suspect. That figures.
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Then they can see if the photos are a good set and make sure one person doesn't stand out.
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Another thing I read was that witnesses don't like to change their minds once they've made a particular statement.
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I thought people might worry about the fact
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that they told a lie in court
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and think they might be punished in some way but it's simply that they're afraid of seeming unintelligent or lightweight.
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Yeah, people are reluctant to lose face.
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Imagine if a case had been going on for weeks and you suddenly realised you'd got something wrong right at the beginning.
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Before you hear the rest of the discussion, you have some time to look at questions 27 to 30 on page 6.
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Now listen and answer questions 27 to 30.
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Changing the topic slightly, can I just check with you what you've understood about the problems of interviewing child witnesses
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when they've witnessed, for example, a robbery?
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Yes.
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Did you get the handout about the stages that should be followed when children are interviewed?
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Yes.
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The rapport stage, when a relationship between the child and the interviewer is built up, seems to be crucial.
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But many children fail to say anything that provides any real information.
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It must be hard for them not to feel a bit scared about being in a formal setting like a court building.
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Still, it's a good lead-in to open-ended questions, where the interviewer carefully sticks to their prepared questions in order to remain neutral.
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I can see the point of that.
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But the handout discusses the issue of children simply not understanding the specialist language used, so the whole interview just gets more puzzling for them.
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I think the stage called closed questions is easier for children to handle,
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they just have to answer yes or no. But everything's not so clear-cut in a child's world,
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and abstract concepts such as honesty haven't been fully grasped by young children.
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You mean they make things up?
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Apparently.
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And in the final stage, closure, where the interviewer has to check anything that hasn't been made clear to them by repeating previous questions,
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children often become suspicious of the questioner.
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It must require lots of training to be able to interview children successfully.
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Yes, I think...
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That is the end of Section 3.
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You now have half a minute to check your answers.
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Thank you.
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Thank you.

Contexto e Antecedentes

No vídeo apresentado, dois estudantes de Direito, Eleanor e Jamie, dialogam sobre a confiabilidade de depoimentos de testemunhas oculares em casos criminais. A conversa explora as complexidades envolvidas na identificação de suspeitos e como diversos fatores, como a condição de iluminação ou a distância do evento, podem comprometer a precisão das lembranças. A partir deste diálogo, os alunos de inglês podem não apenas expandir seu vocabulário, mas também entender melhor como discutir temas complexos com base em evidências e estudos de caso.

Top 5 Frases para Comunicação Diária

  • “É fascinante aprender que a identificação de testemunhas é uma evidência tão convincente.” - Uma boa frase para expressar interesse em tópicos envolventes.
  • “As declarações de testemunhas são frequentemente pouco confiáveis.” - Útil ao discutir assuntos que exigem questionamento crítico.
  • “As pessoas temem parecer não inteligentes ao mudar de ideia.” - Pode ser aplicada a várias situações de tomada de decisão.
  • “Como funciona a identificação fotográfica?” - Perfeito para iniciar diálogos sobre procedimentos legais.
  • “É verdade que muitos não se lembram do incidente, mas focalizam as fotos.” - Uma maneira de trazer à tona a questão da memória e percepção.

Guia de Shadowing Passo a Passo

Para eficazmente usar as técnicas de shadow speak e melhorar a pronúncia em inglês a partir deste vídeo, siga estas etapas:

  1. Ouça o Diálogo: Escute o áudio atentamente duas ou três vezes. Concentre-se na entonação e na pronúncia dos falantes.
  2. Transcrição: Leia a transcrição para entender completamente o contexto e as palavras. Use ferramentas de tradução, se necessário.
  3. Shadowing: Ative o recurso de “shadowing” murmurando após cada frase. Tente imitar o tom e a velocidade do diálogo.
  4. Prática de Conversação: Use as frases destacadas para criar diálogos simulados com um parceiro. Isso ajudará na prática de conversação em inglês.
  5. Avaliação: Grave a si mesmo enquanto você faz o shadowing e escute a gravação. Isso permitirá que você note áreas para melhorar sua pronúncia em inglês.

Seguindo essas etapas, você pode afiar suas habilidades linguísticas e se sentir mais confiante ao discutir tópicos complexos, explorando temas como a confiabilidade das testemunhas em casos jurídicos e aprimorando suas competências em shadow speech.

O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?

Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.