跟讀練習: Eyewitness reliability: Đề thi IELTS LISTENING (actual test) - 通過影片學習英語口語

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1
Now turn to section 3 on page 5.
現在翻到第5頁的第3節。
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Section 3.
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You will hear two law students called Eleanor
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and Jamie discussing their work on whether the evidence given by people who witness crimes is reliable.
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First, you have some time to look at questions 21 to 26 on page 5.
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Thank you.
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Now listen carefully and answer questions 21 to 26.
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Hi Jamie, I've just been reading this book about eyewitness testimonies.
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It really goes into how much we can actually rely on what the people who witness crimes actually say
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and what things influence eyewitness reliability.
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Oh, I've read a couple of case studies on that too.
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Can we compare notes?
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Good idea!
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It's fascinating to learn that eyewitness identification is such compelling evidence in both civil and criminal trials.
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You mean if a witness says something, generally they're believed?
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And reading between the lines, I'd say that when a witness gives evidence in a very self-assured way, everyone takes them at their word.
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Whether they're a doctor who speaks with an assumed authority, or the average person in the street, it doesn't seem to matter as much as their manner.
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Right.
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So, is that textbook worth reading?
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Yes, it's a good book, divided into user-friendly sections.
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It refers to case studies and the conclusions are clearly underlined.
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But actually, some of the cases are more than ten years old now.
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Well, it's the same problem with the survey reports our tutor gave us.
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But at least they draw on a representative sample.
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That's good.
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All the books point out that eyewitness statements are very often unreliable.
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But there can be good reasons for that.
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Like an incident may happen at night in the dark.
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Or it happened some way away.
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But it's the fact that it can happen in just a split second that makes the witness's account so unreliable.
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That point's made very strongly in what I've read too.
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Yeah.
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Have you read anything about photo identifications?
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Yes, about the procedure and the reliability of witnesses looking at photos of different people and picking out the suspect.
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The case studies all clearly show how easy it is to sway a witness's choice of photo, even just by the flicker of an eye.
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But steps have been taken now to avoid this happening.
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And are the witnesses told exactly what they have to do?
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Mostly.
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But the trouble is, most people focus on the photos
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and choose the most likely suspect from the bunch and forget about the actual incident and who they saw at the time.
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And I read something about a naive observer.
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Do you know what that is?
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Is it a witness who's never been in a court before?
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Oh, I understood it to mean someone who's had nothing to do with the event, and they're asked to look at the photos and pick out the potential suspect. That figures.
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Then they can see if the photos are a good set and make sure one person doesn't stand out.
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Another thing I read was that witnesses don't like to change their minds once they've made a particular statement.
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I thought people might worry about the fact
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that they told a lie in court
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and think they might be punished in some way but it's simply that they're afraid of seeming unintelligent or lightweight.
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Yeah, people are reluctant to lose face.
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Imagine if a case had been going on for weeks and you suddenly realised you'd got something wrong right at the beginning.
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Before you hear the rest of the discussion, you have some time to look at questions 27 to 30 on page 6.
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Now listen and answer questions 27 to 30.
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Changing the topic slightly, can I just check with you what you've understood about the problems of interviewing child witnesses
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when they've witnessed, for example, a robbery?
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Yes.
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Did you get the handout about the stages that should be followed when children are interviewed?
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Yes.
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The rapport stage, when a relationship between the child and the interviewer is built up, seems to be crucial.
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But many children fail to say anything that provides any real information.
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It must be hard for them not to feel a bit scared about being in a formal setting like a court building.
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Still, it's a good lead-in to open-ended questions, where the interviewer carefully sticks to their prepared questions in order to remain neutral.
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I can see the point of that.
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But the handout discusses the issue of children simply not understanding the specialist language used, so the whole interview just gets more puzzling for them.
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I think the stage called closed questions is easier for children to handle,
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they just have to answer yes or no. But everything's not so clear-cut in a child's world,
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and abstract concepts such as honesty haven't been fully grasped by young children.
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You mean they make things up?
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Apparently.
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And in the final stage, closure, where the interviewer has to check anything that hasn't been made clear to them by repeating previous questions,
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children often become suspicious of the questioner.
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It must require lots of training to be able to interview children successfully.
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Yes, I think...
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That is the end of Section 3.
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You now have half a minute to check your answers.
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Thank you.
77
Thank you.

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為什麼要通過這個影片練習口語？

觀看這個關於證人可靠性的討論影片，不僅能幫助你提高對英語聽力的理解，還有助於你在真實場景中練習口語交流。影片中的對話涉及法律學生的專業討論，這為學習者提供了一個瞭解法律術語與日常交流相結合的機會。在快速變化的對話中，你可以學習如何用英語進行批判性思考，並表達自己的觀點，提升自信心。

通過採用「影子發音」(shadow speech)的方法，你能夠模仿影片中的說話方式，掌握更自然的發音與語調。定期看這樣的看YouTube學英語，將有助於你在短時間內提高英語水平，特別是在口頭表達及聽力理解方面的能力。

語法與表達在語境中的運用

影片中提到的幾種關鍵結構對英語學習者來說十分重要，其中包括：

  • 第一人稱表達： “我一直在閱讀這本書…” 這種表達方式可以用來分享個人經驗和觀點。
  • 疑問句形式： “你認為這本教科書值得閱讀嗎？” 通過這種方式，你可以引導對話並激發對方的思考。
  • 顯示態度的副詞： “顯然”、“非常”，這些詞彙能加重你對某一觀點的強調。

學習和練習這些句型將幫助你在與他人討論複雜話題時，更加得心應手。

常見發音陷阱

在影片中，有些單詞和短語可能對學習者來說比較棘手。例如：

  • “evidence”：注意發音中的重音位置和音節的清晰度。
  • “identify”： 這個詞的發音可能需要額外練習，確保清楚區分“i”和“a”的發音。
  • “procedure”：這個詞可能在不同口音中有所不同，注意模仿影片中的發音。

通過“影子口語” (shadowspeak) 的方法練習這些單詞，能有效提高你的英語發音。此外，定期參與這種強化練習可以防止你在口語中陷入常見發音錯誤。讓我們一起努力，提高英語發音，並在實際對話中更加自信！

影片中的語法

說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：

結構影片中的用法
現在完成時 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去發生但與現在仍有關聯的事I've read · Have you read · have been taken
被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的have been taken · might be punished · should be followed
定語從句 who / which + 從句 — 補充說明人或事物people who witness

什麼是跟讀法？

跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。

影子跟讀法: 閱讀完整分步指南 →