Shadowing Practice: What's the tallest skyscraper anyone can build? - Learn English Speaking with Video
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Hi, it's Doug.
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Have you ever played the game Jenga?
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Some people are able to build some pretty tall towers.
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Like, check out this, the world record.
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This person piled 485 blocks on one single Jenga block.
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That's some amazing balancing skills.
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Someone named Ashley has a question about building things.
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Let's give Ashley a call now.
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Hi, Doug.
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Hi, Ashley.
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I have a question for you.
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What's the tallest skyscraper anyone can build?
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Oh, that's a great question.
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Humans have been trying to build super tall things for a long time.
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Before skyscrapers were invented, pyramids were the tallest objects built on Earth.
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Take a look at this one.
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It's called the Great Pyramid of Giza.
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Builders stacked over 2 million heavy stone blocks to make it that high.
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The pyramid was the tallest human -made thing on Earth for almost 4 ,000 years until this came along.
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This is the Lincoln Cathedral, and it was once over 500 feet tall.
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But then something happened.
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If you've ever built a tower with blocks, you've probably noticed that the taller you build, the harder it gets.
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And that's what happened to the Lincoln Cathedral.
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The tallest part toppled over during a storm.
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It was just too tall.
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When it was built, people just couldn't build things that were very tall yet.
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Before I go on, I'm curious.
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Why couldn't those earlier pyramids and cathedrals be built as high as skyscrapers are today?
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What do you think?
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Now would be a good time to pause the video and discuss.
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Okay, you ready?
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Well, I'm not sure how you answered, but you might think that the earlier buildings weren't made of very strong materials.
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But that's not really what's most important.
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Bricks and stone blocks are incredibly strong.
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It turns out it's the piling up of bricks or stone blocks that creates the problem.
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You see, buildings back then were made by piling bricks or stones on top of each other.
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The taller the building, the more bricks they would use.
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And the more bricks they would use, the heavier the building would get.
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If it got too heavy, it could collapse from its own weight, or it could topple over.
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So the piling up of bricks or stone blocks is what kept people from making really tall buildings.
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Since then, we've figured out how to build even taller buildings, buildings that are way taller than the first pyramids and cathedrals,
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buildings that seem to scrape the sky.
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These buildings, called skyscrapers, are now the tallest human -made objects on Earth, and they don't fall down.
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How is that even possible?
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Well, building a skyscraper involves a totally different way of creating a building.
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Rather than stacking up building blocks, the way they did with pyramids, or the way you do in Jenga,
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it involves giving the building a skeleton or structure on the inside.
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This new way of building led to the first ever skyscraper, the Home Insurance Building in Chicago.
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Instead of building with piled up bricks, it was built with a steel skeleton.
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And since the skeleton was holding the building up, the rest of the building, like walls and windows, could be hung on the steel beams,
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like pictures hang on walls.
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And since those walls didn't need to be made out of piled up bricks anymore, they could be really light.
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At least much less heavy than building materials of the past.
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This changed everything.
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By building with steel skeletons instead of heavy bricks, builders could build taller than ever.
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Now, even with a skeleton, there was another thing that could knock it over.
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Wind.
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A skyscraper is like a giant sail.
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The taller it is, the more wind pushes into it, and those winds can actually knock a skyscraper down.
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So skyscraper builders are constantly trying to find ways to get around this problem, like the builders of this skyscraper did.
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This is one of the tallest skyscrapers in the world.
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You see the shape of the sides?
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Why do you think they built it this way?
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It's all because of the wind.
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The spiral shape helps the wind twist around it instead of crashing into it.
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And take a look at this one.
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You notice the top?
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Some Some skyscrapers are even built with holes in them so that the wind blows straight through.
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Now by inventing new ways to trick the wind,
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we've been able to build from 88 floors to 101 floors to the tallest skyscraper in the world, currently the Burj Khalifa.
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It's 163 floors tall.
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And that brings us back to our question.
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How tall can a skyscraper be?
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Well, no one really knows for sure how tall, but we are sure of this.
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We can build a lot higher than the skyscrapers we have today.
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In fact, builders in Japan are planning to build a skyscraper that's one mile tall.
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It's called the Sky Mile Tower, and when it's finished, it will be more than 10 times the height of the Great Pyramid of Giza.
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That's twice as tall as the tallest skyscraper we have now.
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That's all for this week's question.
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Thanks Ashley for asking it.
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Now with Valentine's Day coming up, I picked out three questions from the question jar that all have something to do with the heart.
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When this video is done playing, you'll get to vote on one.
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You can choose from, does your heart grow?
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Which animal has the biggest heart?
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Or what's inside your heart?
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So submit your vote when the video's over.
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I want to hear from all of you watching.
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There are mysteries all around us.
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Stay curious and see you next week.
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Woordenschat en spreektips bij deze les
Deze spreekles is gebaseerd op de video “What's the tallest skyscraper anyone can build?”. Deze woorden komen het vaakst terug: skyscraper, tall, build, bricks, tallest. Deze video bevat 72 zinnen en 945 woorden om na te spreken. Het gesproken deel duurt 6:02. De spreker praat in een natuurlijk tempo van ongeveer 157 woorden per minuut, dicht bij een alledaags gesprek. 83% van de woorden hoort bij de 3.000 meest gebruikte Engelse woorden; de rest kun je beter vooraf bekijken.
Belangrijke woorden in deze video
15 woorden uit de video die het leren waard zijn, met uitspraak en betekenis:
| Woord | Uitspraak | Betekenis |
|---|---|---|
| brick zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈbɹɪk/ | baksteen |
| pyramid zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈpɪɹ.ə.mɪd/ | piramide |
| pile zelfstandig naamwoord | /paɪl/ | stapel |
| builder zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈbɪl.dəɹ/ | bouwer, bouwster |
| skeleton zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈskɛlətən/ | skelet, geraamte |
| curious bijvoeglijk naamwoord | /ˈkjʊɹ.i.əs/ | nieuwsgierig |
| knock werkwoord | /nɑk/ | kloppen, aankloppen |
| stack zelfstandig naamwoord | /stæk/ | stapel |
| cathedral zelfstandig naamwoord | /kəˈθiːdɹəl/ | kathedraal |
| invent werkwoord | /ɪnˈvɛnt/ | uitvinden, uitdenken |
| mystery zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈmɪs.t(ə.)ɹi/ | mysterie |
| skill zelfstandig naamwoord | /skɪl/ | bekwaamheid, vaardigheid |
| submit werkwoord | /səbˈmɪt/ | zich onderwerpen, toegeven |
| collapse werkwoord | /kəˈlæps/ | instorten |
| beam zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈbiːm/ | balk, biels |
Phrasal verbs die je zult horen
| Woord | Uitspraak | Betekenis |
|---|---|---|
| pile up werkwoord | stapelen | |
| build up werkwoord | opstapelen | |
| check out werkwoord | onderzoeken | |
| fall down werkwoord | /fɔl ˈdaʊn/ | neervallen |
| figure out werkwoord | uitvogelen, er achter komen | |
| turn out werkwoord | uitvallen, resulteren |
Zinnen om te herhalen
Korte, volledige zinnen uit de video die je in alledaagse gesprekken kunt gebruiken:
- What's the tallest skyscraper anyone can build?
- What do you think?
- You see the shape of the sides?
- Why do you think they built it this way?
- You notice the top?
Grammatica in deze video
De structuren die de spreker het meest gebruikt, met de exacte woorden uit de video:
| Structuur | In de video |
|---|---|
| Lijdende vorm be + voltooid deelwoord — het gaat om wat er gebeurt, niet om wie het doet | were invented · was built · be built |
| Present perfect have/has + voltooid deelwoord — iets uit het verleden dat nu nog telt | Have you ever played · you've ever built · we've figured |
| Overtreffende trap the -est / the most … — het hoogste of laagste van een groep | the tallest · the biggest |
| Vergrotende trap -er than / more … than — twee dingen vergelijken | taller than · less heavy than · higher than |
Uitspraak om op te letten
De spreker gebruikt 13 samentrekkingen en verkorte vormen, zoals couldn't, I'm, we've. Spreek ze kort uit, zoals je ze hoort.
Klanken die Nederlandstaligen lastig vinden:
- Stemhebbende eindmedeklinker — /b/, /d/, /g/, /z/, /v/ niet verscherpen: pyramid /ˈpɪɹ.ə.mɪd/, involve /ɪnˈvɑlv/, pause /pɔːz/
- /æ/ — opener dan de Nederlandse “e”: stack /stæk/, collapse /kəˈlæps/
Zo oefen je met deze video
- Luister de hele video één keer zonder te spreken en noteer de woorden die je niet kent.
- Begin op 0,75× snelheid, spreek zin voor zin na en ga terug naar normale snelheid zodra het makkelijk gaat.
- Neem jezelf op en vergelijk met het origineel; let daarbij op woorden als brick, pyramid, pile.
Wat is de Shadowing-techniek?
Shadowing is een wetenschappelijk onderbouwde taalleermethode die oorspronkelijk is ontwikkeld voor professionele tolkentraining en gepopulariseerd door polyglot Dr. Alexander Arguelles. De methode is eenvoudig maar krachtig: je luistert naar native Engelse audio en herhaalt het onmiddellijk hardop — als een schaduw die de spreker volgt met slechts 1–2 seconden vertraging. In tegenstelling tot passief luisteren of grammaticadrills, dwingt shadowing je hersenen en mondspieren om echte spraakpatronen tegelijkertijd te verwerken en te reproduceren. Onderzoek toont aan dat het de uitspraaknauwkeurigheid, intonatie, ritme, verbonden spraak, luisterbegrip en spreekvaardigheid aanzienlijk verbetert — waardoor het een van de meest effectieve methoden is voor IELTS Speaking-voorbereiding en echte Engelse communicatie.