Pratique du Shadowing: What's the tallest skyscraper anyone can build? - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo
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89 phrases
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Hi, it's Doug.
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Have you ever played the game Jenga?
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Some people are able to build some pretty tall towers.
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Like, check out this, the world record.
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This person piled 485 blocks on one single Jenga block.
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That's some amazing balancing skills.
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Someone named Ashley has a question about building things.
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Let's give Ashley a call now.
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Hi, Doug.
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Hi, Ashley.
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I have a question for you.
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What's the tallest skyscraper anyone can build?
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Oh, that's a great question.
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Humans have been trying to build super tall things for a long time.
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Before skyscrapers were invented, pyramids were the tallest objects built on Earth.
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Take a look at this one.
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It's called the Great Pyramid of Giza.
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Builders stacked over 2 million heavy stone blocks to make it that high.
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The pyramid was the tallest human -made thing on Earth for almost 4 ,000 years until this came along.
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This is the Lincoln Cathedral, and it was once over 500 feet tall.
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But then something happened.
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If you've ever built a tower with blocks, you've probably noticed that the taller you build, the harder it gets.
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And that's what happened to the Lincoln Cathedral.
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The tallest part toppled over during a storm.
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It was just too tall.
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When it was built, people just couldn't build things that were very tall yet.
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Before I go on, I'm curious.
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Why couldn't those earlier pyramids and cathedrals be built as high as skyscrapers are today?
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What do you think?
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Now would be a good time to pause the video and discuss.
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Okay, you ready?
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Well, I'm not sure how you answered, but you might think that the earlier buildings weren't made of very strong materials.
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But that's not really what's most important.
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Bricks and stone blocks are incredibly strong.
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It turns out it's the piling up of bricks or stone blocks that creates the problem.
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You see, buildings back then were made by piling bricks or stones on top of each other.
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The taller the building, the more bricks they would use.
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And the more bricks they would use, the heavier the building would get.
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If it got too heavy, it could collapse from its own weight, or it could topple over.
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So the piling up of bricks or stone blocks is what kept people from making really tall buildings.
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Since then, we've figured out how to build even taller buildings, buildings that are way taller than the first pyramids and cathedrals,
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buildings that seem to scrape the sky.
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These buildings, called skyscrapers, are now the tallest human -made objects on Earth, and they don't fall down.
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How is that even possible?
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Well, building a skyscraper involves a totally different way of creating a building.
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Rather than stacking up building blocks, the way they did with pyramids, or the way you do in Jenga,
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it involves giving the building a skeleton or structure on the inside.
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This new way of building led to the first ever skyscraper, the Home Insurance Building in Chicago.
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Instead of building with piled up bricks, it was built with a steel skeleton.
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And since the skeleton was holding the building up, the rest of the building, like walls and windows, could be hung on the steel beams,
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like pictures hang on walls.
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And since those walls didn't need to be made out of piled up bricks anymore, they could be really light.
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At least much less heavy than building materials of the past.
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This changed everything.
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By building with steel skeletons instead of heavy bricks, builders could build taller than ever.
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Now, even with a skeleton, there was another thing that could knock it over.
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Wind.
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A skyscraper is like a giant sail.
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The taller it is, the more wind pushes into it, and those winds can actually knock a skyscraper down.
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So skyscraper builders are constantly trying to find ways to get around this problem, like the builders of this skyscraper did.
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This is one of the tallest skyscrapers in the world.
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You see the shape of the sides?
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Why do you think they built it this way?
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It's all because of the wind.
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The spiral shape helps the wind twist around it instead of crashing into it.
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And take a look at this one.
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You notice the top?
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Some Some skyscrapers are even built with holes in them so that the wind blows straight through.
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Now by inventing new ways to trick the wind,
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we've been able to build from 88 floors to 101 floors to the tallest skyscraper in the world, currently the Burj Khalifa.
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It's 163 floors tall.
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And that brings us back to our question.
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How tall can a skyscraper be?
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Well, no one really knows for sure how tall, but we are sure of this.
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We can build a lot higher than the skyscrapers we have today.
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In fact, builders in Japan are planning to build a skyscraper that's one mile tall.
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It's called the Sky Mile Tower, and when it's finished, it will be more than 10 times the height of the Great Pyramid of Giza.
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That's twice as tall as the tallest skyscraper we have now.
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That's all for this week's question.
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Thanks Ashley for asking it.
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Now with Valentine's Day coming up, I picked out three questions from the question jar that all have something to do with the heart.
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When this video is done playing, you'll get to vote on one.
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You can choose from, does your heart grow?
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Which animal has the biggest heart?
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Or what's inside your heart?
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So submit your vote when the video's over.
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I want to hear from all of you watching.
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There are mysteries all around us.
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Stay curious and see you next week.
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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon
Cette leçon d’expression orale s’appuie sur la vidéo « What's the tallest skyscraper anyone can build? ». Les mots qui reviennent le plus souvent : skyscraper, tall, build, bricks, tallest. Cette vidéo contient 72 phrases et 945 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 6:02. Le locuteur parle à un rythme naturel d’environ 157 mots par minute, proche d’une conversation courante. 83 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais ; le reste mérite d’être vu avant de commencer.
Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo
15 mots de la vidéo à retenir, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| brick nom | /ˈbɹɪk/ | brique |
| pyramid nom | /ˈpɪɹ.ə.mɪd/ | pyramide |
| pile nom | /paɪl/ | monceau, tas |
| builder nom | /ˈbɪl.dəɹ/ | constructeur, constructrice |
| skeleton nom | /ˈskɛlətən/ | squelette |
| curious adjectif | /ˈkjʊɹ.i.əs/ | curieux |
| knock verbe | /nɑk/ | frapper |
| involve verbe | /ɪnˈvɑlv/ | impliquer, involver |
| stack nom | /stæk/ | pile |
| cathedral nom | /kəˈθiːdɹəl/ | cathédrale |
| invent verbe | /ɪnˈvɛnt/ | inventer |
| trick nom | /ˈtɹɪk/ | tour |
| mystery nom | /ˈmɪs.t(ə.)ɹi/ | mystère |
| skill nom | /skɪl/ | habileté, compétence |
| incredibly adverbe | /ɪŋˈkɹɛdɪbli/ | incroyablement |
Les verbes à particule que vous entendrez
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| pile up verbe | amonceler, empiler | |
| build up verbe | s'accumuler, s'entasser | |
| check out verbe | mater, regarder | |
| come along verbe | accompagner, venir | |
| come up verbe | se montrer, sortir du bois | |
| fall down verbe | /fɔl ˈdaʊn/ | tomber |
| figure out verbe | cerner | |
| pick out verbe | distinguer, faire la distinction |
Des phrases à répéter
Des phrases courtes et complètes de la vidéo, à réutiliser dans la conversation de tous les jours :
- What's the tallest skyscraper anyone can build?
- What do you think?
- You see the shape of the sides?
- Why do you think they built it this way?
- You notice the top?
La grammaire de cette vidéo
Les structures que le locuteur utilise le plus, avec les mots exacts de la vidéo :
| Structure | Dans la vidéo |
|---|---|
| Voix passive be + participe passé — l’accent est mis sur ce qui arrive, pas sur qui le fait | were invented · was built · be built |
| Present perfect have/has + participe passé — une action passée qui compte encore maintenant | Have you ever played · you've ever built · we've figured |
| Superlatifs the -est / the most … — le plus haut ou le plus bas d’un groupe | the tallest · the biggest |
| Comparatifs -er than / more … than — comparer deux éléments | taller than · less heavy than · higher than |
Prononciation à surveiller
Le locuteur utilise 13 contractions et formes réduites, comme couldn't, I'm, we've. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.
Les sons difficiles pour les francophones :
- /r/ anglais — langue recourbée, sans frotter la gorge: brick /ˈbɹɪk/, pyramid /ˈpɪɹ.ə.mɪd/, builder /ˈbɪl.dəɹ/, curious /ˈkjʊɹ.i.əs/, cathedral /kəˈθiːdɹəl/
Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo
- Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
- Commencez à la vitesse 0,75×, répétez phrase par phrase, puis revenez à la vitesse normale quand cela devient facile.
- Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme brick, pyramid, pile.
Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?
Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.