Pratica di Shadowing: What's the tallest skyscraper anyone can build? - Impara a parlare inglese con i video
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1
Hi, it's Doug.
2
Have you ever played the game Jenga?
3
Some people are able to build some pretty tall towers.
4
Like, check out this, the world record.
5
This person piled 485 blocks on one single Jenga block.
6
That's some amazing balancing skills.
7
Someone named Ashley has a question about building things.
8
Let's give Ashley a call now.
9
Hi, Doug.
10
Hi, Ashley.
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I have a question for you.
12
What's the tallest skyscraper anyone can build?
13
Oh, that's a great question.
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Humans have been trying to build super tall things for a long time.
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Before skyscrapers were invented, pyramids were the tallest objects built on Earth.
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Take a look at this one.
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It's called the Great Pyramid of Giza.
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Builders stacked over 2 million heavy stone blocks to make it that high.
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The pyramid was the tallest human -made thing on Earth for almost 4 ,000 years until this came along.
20
This is the Lincoln Cathedral, and it was once over 500 feet tall.
21
But then something happened.
22
If you've ever built a tower with blocks, you've probably noticed that the taller you build, the harder it gets.
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And that's what happened to the Lincoln Cathedral.
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The tallest part toppled over during a storm.
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It was just too tall.
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When it was built, people just couldn't build things that were very tall yet.
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Before I go on, I'm curious.
28
Why couldn't those earlier pyramids and cathedrals be built as high as skyscrapers are today?
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What do you think?
30
Now would be a good time to pause the video and discuss.
31
Okay, you ready?
32
Well, I'm not sure how you answered, but you might think that the earlier buildings weren't made of very strong materials.
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But that's not really what's most important.
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Bricks and stone blocks are incredibly strong.
35
It turns out it's the piling up of bricks or stone blocks that creates the problem.
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You see, buildings back then were made by piling bricks or stones on top of each other.
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The taller the building, the more bricks they would use.
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And the more bricks they would use, the heavier the building would get.
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If it got too heavy, it could collapse from its own weight, or it could topple over.
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So the piling up of bricks or stone blocks is what kept people from making really tall buildings.
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Since then, we've figured out how to build even taller buildings, buildings that are way taller than the first pyramids and cathedrals,
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buildings that seem to scrape the sky.
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These buildings, called skyscrapers, are now the tallest human -made objects on Earth, and they don't fall down.
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How is that even possible?
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Well, building a skyscraper involves a totally different way of creating a building.
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Rather than stacking up building blocks, the way they did with pyramids, or the way you do in Jenga,
47
it involves giving the building a skeleton or structure on the inside.
48
This new way of building led to the first ever skyscraper, the Home Insurance Building in Chicago.
49
Instead of building with piled up bricks, it was built with a steel skeleton.
50
And since the skeleton was holding the building up, the rest of the building, like walls and windows, could be hung on the steel beams,
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like pictures hang on walls.
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And since those walls didn't need to be made out of piled up bricks anymore, they could be really light.
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At least much less heavy than building materials of the past.
54
This changed everything.
55
By building with steel skeletons instead of heavy bricks, builders could build taller than ever.
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Now, even with a skeleton, there was another thing that could knock it over.
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Wind.
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A skyscraper is like a giant sail.
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The taller it is, the more wind pushes into it, and those winds can actually knock a skyscraper down.
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So skyscraper builders are constantly trying to find ways to get around this problem, like the builders of this skyscraper did.
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This is one of the tallest skyscrapers in the world.
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You see the shape of the sides?
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Why do you think they built it this way?
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It's all because of the wind.
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The spiral shape helps the wind twist around it instead of crashing into it.
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And take a look at this one.
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You notice the top?
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Some Some skyscrapers are even built with holes in them so that the wind blows straight through.
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Now by inventing new ways to trick the wind,
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we've been able to build from 88 floors to 101 floors to the tallest skyscraper in the world, currently the Burj Khalifa.
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It's 163 floors tall.
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And that brings us back to our question.
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How tall can a skyscraper be?
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Well, no one really knows for sure how tall, but we are sure of this.
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We can build a lot higher than the skyscrapers we have today.
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In fact, builders in Japan are planning to build a skyscraper that's one mile tall.
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It's called the Sky Mile Tower, and when it's finished, it will be more than 10 times the height of the Great Pyramid of Giza.
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That's twice as tall as the tallest skyscraper we have now.
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That's all for this week's question.
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Thanks Ashley for asking it.
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Now with Valentine's Day coming up, I picked out three questions from the question jar that all have something to do with the heart.
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When this video is done playing, you'll get to vote on one.
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You can choose from, does your heart grow?
84
Which animal has the biggest heart?
85
Or what's inside your heart?
86
So submit your vote when the video's over.
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I want to hear from all of you watching.
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There are mysteries all around us.
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Stay curious and see you next week.
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Vocabolario e note di pronuncia per questa lezione
Questa lezione di conversazione si basa sul video “What's the tallest skyscraper anyone can build?”. Le parole che ritornano più spesso: skyscraper, tall, build, bricks, tallest. Questo video contiene 72 frasi e 945 parole da ripetere con lo shadowing. Il parlato dura 6:02. Chi parla ha un ritmo naturale di circa 157 parole al minuto, vicino a una conversazione quotidiana. Il 83% delle parole rientra nelle 3.000 più comuni dell’inglese; conviene studiare le altre prima di iniziare.
Vocaboli chiave di questo video
15 parole del video che vale la pena imparare, con pronuncia e significato:
| Parola | Pronuncia | Significato |
|---|---|---|
| brick sostantivo | /ˈbɹɪk/ | mattone, laterizio |
| pyramid sostantivo | /ˈpɪɹ.ə.mɪd/ | piramide |
| pile sostantivo | /paɪl/ | mucchio, catasta |
| builder sostantivo | /ˈbɪl.dəɹ/ | costruttore, costruttrice |
| skeleton sostantivo | /ˈskɛlətən/ | scheletro |
| curious aggettivo | /ˈkjʊɹ.i.əs/ | curioso, interessato |
| knock verbo | /nɑk/ | bussare, battere |
| involve verbo | /ɪnˈvɑlv/ | coinvolgere |
| stack sostantivo | /stæk/ | pila, bica |
| cathedral sostantivo | /kəˈθiːdɹəl/ | cattedrale, duomo |
| invent verbo | /ɪnˈvɛnt/ | inventare |
| trick sostantivo | /ˈtɹɪk/ | inbroglio |
| mystery sostantivo | /ˈmɪs.t(ə.)ɹi/ | mistero, arcano |
| skill sostantivo | /skɪl/ | abilità, capacità |
| incredibly avverbio | /ɪŋˈkɹɛdɪbli/ | incredibilmente |
I phrasal verb che sentirai
| Parola | Pronuncia | Significato |
|---|---|---|
| pile up verbo | impilare, impilarsi | |
| build up verbo | accumulare | |
| check out verbo | investigare | |
| come up verbo | venire fuori, emergere | |
| fall down verbo | /fɔl ˈdaʊn/ | cadere |
| figure out verbo | scoprire, rendersi conto | |
| turn out verbo | risultare |
Frasi da ripetere
Frasi brevi e complete del video che puoi riutilizzare nella conversazione di tutti i giorni:
- What's the tallest skyscraper anyone can build?
- What do you think?
- You see the shape of the sides?
- Why do you think they built it this way?
- You notice the top?
La grammatica di questo video
Le strutture che chi parla usa di più, con le parole esatte del video:
| Struttura | Nel video |
|---|---|
| Forma passiva be + participio passato — conta ciò che accade, non chi lo fa | were invented · was built · be built |
| Present perfect have/has + participio passato — un’azione passata che conta ancora adesso | Have you ever played · you've ever built · we've figured |
| Superlativi the -est / the most … — il massimo o il minimo di un gruppo | the tallest · the biggest |
| Comparativi -er than / more … than — confrontare due cose | taller than · less heavy than · higher than |
Pronuncia a cui fare attenzione
Chi parla usa 13 contrazioni e forme ridotte, come couldn't, I'm, we've. Pronunciale nella forma breve, così come le senti.
I suoni difficili per chi parla italiano:
- Consonante finale — senza aggiungere una vocale dopo: brick /ˈbɹɪk/, pyramid /ˈpɪɹ.ə.mɪd/, curious /ˈkjʊɹ.i.əs/, knock /nɑk/, involve /ɪnˈvɑlv/
- /æ/ — più aperta della “e”: stack /stæk/, collapse /kəˈlæps/
Come esercitarsi con questo video
- Ascolta tutto il video una volta senza parlare e annota le parole che non conosci.
- Inizia a velocità 0,75×, fai shadowing frase per frase e torna alla velocità normale quando diventa facile.
- Registrati e confronta con l’originale, facendo attenzione a parole come brick, pyramid, pile.
Cos'è la tecnica dello Shadowing?
Shadowing è una tecnica di apprendimento delle lingue supportata da studi scientifici, originariamente sviluppata per la formazione dei traduttori professionisti e resa popolare dal poliglotta Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Il metodo è semplice ma potente: ascolti un audio in inglese di madrelingua e lo ripeti immediatamente ad alta voce — come un'ombra che segue il parlante con un ritardo di solo 1–2 secondi. A differenza dell'ascolto passivo o degli esercizi di grammatica, lo shadowing costringe il tuo cervello e i muscoli della bocca a elaborare e riprodurre simultaneamente i modelli di discorso reale. La ricerca dimostra che migliora significativamente la precisione della pronuncia, l'intonazione, il ritmo, il discorso connesso, la comprensione dell'ascolto e la fluidità del parlato — rendendolo uno dei metodi più efficaci per la preparazione alla prova di speaking dell'IELTS e per la comunicazione reale in inglese.