跟读练习: What's the tallest skyscraper anyone can build? - 通过视频学习英语口语

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Hi, it's Doug.

Have you ever played the game Jenga?

Some people are able to build some pretty tall towers.

Like, check out this, the world record.

This person piled 485 blocks on one single Jenga block.

That's some amazing balancing skills.

Someone named Ashley has a question about building things.

Let's give Ashley a call now.

Hi, Doug.

Hi, Ashley.

I have a question for you.

What's the tallest skyscraper anyone can build?

Oh, that's a great question.

Humans have been trying to build super tall things for a long time.

Before skyscrapers were invented, pyramids were the tallest objects built on Earth.

Take a look at this one.

It's called the Great Pyramid of Giza.

Builders stacked over 2 million heavy stone blocks to make it that high.

The pyramid was the tallest human -made thing on Earth for almost 4 ,000 years until this came along.

This is the Lincoln Cathedral, and it was once over 500 feet tall.

But then something happened.

If you've ever built a tower with blocks, you've probably noticed that the taller you build, the harder it gets.

And that's what happened to the Lincoln Cathedral.

The tallest part toppled over during a storm.

It was just too tall.

When it was built, people just couldn't build things that were very tall yet.

Before I go on, I'm curious.

Why couldn't those earlier pyramids and cathedrals be built as high as skyscrapers are today?

What do you think?

Now would be a good time to pause the video and discuss.

Okay, you ready?

Well, I'm not sure how you answered, but you might think that the earlier buildings weren't made of very strong materials.

But that's not really what's most important.

Bricks and stone blocks are incredibly strong.

It turns out it's the piling up of bricks or stone blocks that creates the problem.

You see, buildings back then were made by piling bricks or stones on top of each other.

The taller the building, the more bricks they would use.

And the more bricks they would use, the heavier the building would get.

If it got too heavy, it could collapse from its own weight, or it could topple over.

So the piling up of bricks or stone blocks is what kept people from making really tall buildings.

Since then, we've figured out how to build even taller buildings, buildings that are way taller than the first pyramids and cathedrals,

buildings that seem to scrape the sky.

These buildings, called skyscrapers, are now the tallest human -made objects on Earth, and they don't fall down.

How is that even possible?

Well, building a skyscraper involves a totally different way of creating a building.

Rather than stacking up building blocks, the way they did with pyramids, or the way you do in Jenga,

it involves giving the building a skeleton or structure on the inside.

This new way of building led to the first ever skyscraper, the Home Insurance Building in Chicago.

Instead of building with piled up bricks, it was built with a steel skeleton.

And since the skeleton was holding the building up, the rest of the building, like walls and windows, could be hung on the steel beams,

like pictures hang on walls.

And since those walls didn't need to be made out of piled up bricks anymore, they could be really light.

At least much less heavy than building materials of the past.

This changed everything.

By building with steel skeletons instead of heavy bricks, builders could build taller than ever.

Now, even with a skeleton, there was another thing that could knock it over.

Wind.

A skyscraper is like a giant sail.

The taller it is, the more wind pushes into it, and those winds can actually knock a skyscraper down.

So skyscraper builders are constantly trying to find ways to get around this problem, like the builders of this skyscraper did.

This is one of the tallest skyscrapers in the world.

You see the shape of the sides?

Why do you think they built it this way?

It's all because of the wind.

The spiral shape helps the wind twist around it instead of crashing into it.

And take a look at this one.

You notice the top?

Some Some skyscrapers are even built with holes in them so that the wind blows straight through.

Now by inventing new ways to trick the wind,

we've been able to build from 88 floors to 101 floors to the tallest skyscraper in the world, currently the Burj Khalifa.

It's 163 floors tall.

And that brings us back to our question.

How tall can a skyscraper be?

Well, no one really knows for sure how tall, but we are sure of this.

We can build a lot higher than the skyscrapers we have today.

In fact, builders in Japan are planning to build a skyscraper that's one mile tall.

It's called the Sky Mile Tower, and when it's finished, it will be more than 10 times the height of the Great Pyramid of Giza.

That's twice as tall as the tallest skyscraper we have now.

That's all for this week's question.

Thanks Ashley for asking it.

Now with Valentine's Day coming up, I picked out three questions from the question jar that all have something to do with the heart.

When this video is done playing, you'll get to vote on one.

You can choose from, does your heart grow?

Which animal has the biggest heart?

Or what's inside your heart?

So submit your vote when the video's over.

I want to hear from all of you watching.

There are mysteries all around us.

Stay curious and see you next week.

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本课的词汇与口语要点

这节口语课以视频“What's the tallest skyscraper anyone can build?”为素材。视频中反复出现的词有：skyscraper, tall, build, bricks, tallest。这段视频共有 72 个句子、945 个单词可供跟读。讲话部分时长为 6:02。说话人语速自然，每分钟约 157 个词，接近日常对话。 83% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，其余的词建议在练习前先学一下。

视频中的重点词汇

视频中 15 个值得学习的单词，附发音和释义：

单词	发音	释义
brick 名词	/ˈbɹɪk/	磚仔 /砖仔, 磚 /砖
pyramid 名词	/ˈpɪɹ.ə.mɪd/	金字塔
pile 名词	/paɪl/	堆
builder 名词	/ˈbɪl.dəɹ/	建築工人 /建筑工人, 建築工 /建筑工
skeleton 名词	/ˈskɛlətən/	骨骼, 骸骨
curious 形容词	/ˈkjʊɹ.i.əs/	好奇, 有好奇心
knock 动词	/nɑk/	敲
stack 名词	/stæk/	堆
cathedral 名词	/kəˈθiːdɹəl/	大教堂, 主教座堂
invent 动词	/ɪnˈvɛnt/	發明 /发明
trick 名词	/ˈtɹɪk/	詭計 /诡计, 騙術 /骗术
mystery 名词	/ˈmɪs.t(ə.)ɹi/	謎 /谜, 謎團 /谜团
skill 名词	/skɪl/	技巧, 技能
submit 动词	/səbˈmɪt/	讓步 /让步, 屈服
twist 动词	/twɪst/	扭, 搓

视频中出现的短语动词

单词	发音	释义
check out 动词		退房
come along 动词		陪伴, 陪同
come up 动词		上來 /上来
fall down 动词	/fɔl ˈdaʊn/	落下, 倒下
figure out 动词		弄清楚
turn out 动词		原來 /原来

值得反复跟读的句子

视频中简短而完整的句子，可以直接用在日常对话里：

What's the tallest skyscraper anyone can build?
What do you think?
You see the shape of the sides?
Why do you think they built it this way?
You notice the top?

视频中的语法

说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：

结构	视频中的用法
被动语态 be + 过去分词 — 强调发生了什么，而不是谁做的	were invented · was built · be built
现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词 — 过去发生但与现在仍有关联的事	Have you ever played · you've ever built · we've figured
最高级 the -est / the most … — 一组中最高或最低的	the tallest · the biggest
比较级 -er than / more … than — 比较两个事物	taller than · less heavy than · higher than

需要注意的发音

说话人用了 13 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 couldn't, I'm, we've。请按听到的简短形式来说。

中文母语者容易读错的音：

/v/ — 不要读成 /w/，上齿轻触下唇: involve /ɪnˈvɑlv/, invent /ɪnˈvɛnt/
词尾辅音 — 要读清楚，后面不要加元音: brick /ˈbɹɪk/, pyramid /ˈpɪɹ.ə.mɪd/, curious /ˈkjʊɹ.i.əs/, knock /nɑk/, involve /ɪnˈvɑlv/
/r/ 和 /l/ 的区别: builder /ˈbɪl.dəɹ/, cathedral /kəˈθiːdɹəl/, incredibly /ɪŋˈkɹɛdɪbli/, spiral /ˈspaɪɹəl/

如何用这段视频练习

先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟读，熟练之后再回到正常速度。
录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 brick, pyramid, pile 这类单词。

什么是跟读法？

跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。

影子跟读法: 阅读完整分步指南 →

跟读练习: What's the tallest skyscraper anyone can build? - 通过视频学习英语口语

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