Практика Shadowing: What's the tallest skyscraper anyone can build? - Изучайте разговорный английский по видео

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Hi, it's Doug.

Have you ever played the game Jenga?

Some people are able to build some pretty tall towers.

Like, check out this, the world record.

This person piled 485 blocks on one single Jenga block.

That's some amazing balancing skills.

Someone named Ashley has a question about building things.

Let's give Ashley a call now.

Hi, Doug.

Hi, Ashley.

I have a question for you.

What's the tallest skyscraper anyone can build?

Oh, that's a great question.

Humans have been trying to build super tall things for a long time.

Before skyscrapers were invented, pyramids were the tallest objects built on Earth.

Take a look at this one.

It's called the Great Pyramid of Giza.

Builders stacked over 2 million heavy stone blocks to make it that high.

The pyramid was the tallest human -made thing on Earth for almost 4 ,000 years until this came along.

This is the Lincoln Cathedral, and it was once over 500 feet tall.

But then something happened.

If you've ever built a tower with blocks, you've probably noticed that the taller you build, the harder it gets.

And that's what happened to the Lincoln Cathedral.

The tallest part toppled over during a storm.

It was just too tall.

When it was built, people just couldn't build things that were very tall yet.

Before I go on, I'm curious.

Why couldn't those earlier pyramids and cathedrals be built as high as skyscrapers are today?

What do you think?

Now would be a good time to pause the video and discuss.

Okay, you ready?

Well, I'm not sure how you answered, but you might think that the earlier buildings weren't made of very strong materials.

But that's not really what's most important.

Bricks and stone blocks are incredibly strong.

It turns out it's the piling up of bricks or stone blocks that creates the problem.

You see, buildings back then were made by piling bricks or stones on top of each other.

The taller the building, the more bricks they would use.

And the more bricks they would use, the heavier the building would get.

If it got too heavy, it could collapse from its own weight, or it could topple over.

So the piling up of bricks or stone blocks is what kept people from making really tall buildings.

Since then, we've figured out how to build even taller buildings, buildings that are way taller than the first pyramids and cathedrals,

buildings that seem to scrape the sky.

These buildings, called skyscrapers, are now the tallest human -made objects on Earth, and they don't fall down.

How is that even possible?

Well, building a skyscraper involves a totally different way of creating a building.

Rather than stacking up building blocks, the way they did with pyramids, or the way you do in Jenga,

it involves giving the building a skeleton or structure on the inside.

This new way of building led to the first ever skyscraper, the Home Insurance Building in Chicago.

Instead of building with piled up bricks, it was built with a steel skeleton.

And since the skeleton was holding the building up, the rest of the building, like walls and windows, could be hung on the steel beams,

like pictures hang on walls.

And since those walls didn't need to be made out of piled up bricks anymore, they could be really light.

At least much less heavy than building materials of the past.

This changed everything.

By building with steel skeletons instead of heavy bricks, builders could build taller than ever.

Now, even with a skeleton, there was another thing that could knock it over.

Wind.

A skyscraper is like a giant sail.

The taller it is, the more wind pushes into it, and those winds can actually knock a skyscraper down.

So skyscraper builders are constantly trying to find ways to get around this problem, like the builders of this skyscraper did.

This is one of the tallest skyscrapers in the world.

You see the shape of the sides?

Why do you think they built it this way?

It's all because of the wind.

The spiral shape helps the wind twist around it instead of crashing into it.

And take a look at this one.

You notice the top?

Some Some skyscrapers are even built with holes in them so that the wind blows straight through.

Now by inventing new ways to trick the wind,

we've been able to build from 88 floors to 101 floors to the tallest skyscraper in the world, currently the Burj Khalifa.

It's 163 floors tall.

And that brings us back to our question.

How tall can a skyscraper be?

Well, no one really knows for sure how tall, but we are sure of this.

We can build a lot higher than the skyscrapers we have today.

In fact, builders in Japan are planning to build a skyscraper that's one mile tall.

It's called the Sky Mile Tower, and when it's finished, it will be more than 10 times the height of the Great Pyramid of Giza.

That's twice as tall as the tallest skyscraper we have now.

That's all for this week's question.

Thanks Ashley for asking it.

Now with Valentine's Day coming up, I picked out three questions from the question jar that all have something to do with the heart.

When this video is done playing, you'll get to vote on one.

You can choose from, does your heart grow?

Which animal has the biggest heart?

Or what's inside your heart?

So submit your vote when the video's over.

I want to hear from all of you watching.

There are mysteries all around us.

Stay curious and see you next week.

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FOR YOU

Лексика и советы по произношению к этому уроку

Этот урок разговорной практики построен на видео «What's the tallest skyscraper anyone can build?». Чаще всего повторяются слова: skyscraper, tall, build, bricks, tallest. В этом видео 72 предложений и 945 слов для шедоуинга. Речь длится 6:02. Говорящий говорит в естественном темпе, около 157 слов в минуту, близком к повседневной речи. 83% слов входят в 3000 самых частых слов английского языка; остальные стоит разобрать перед занятием.

Ключевая лексика этого видео

15 слов из видео, которые стоит выучить, с произношением и значением:

Слово	Произношение	Значение
brick существительное	/ˈbɹɪk/	кирпи́ч
pyramid существительное	/ˈpɪɹ.ə.mɪd/	пирами́да
pile существительное	/paɪl/	ку́ча, гру́да
builder существительное	/ˈbɪl.dəɹ/	строи́тель, строи́тельница
skeleton существительное	/ˈskɛlətən/	скеле́т
curious прилагательное	/ˈkjʊɹ.i.əs/	любопы́тный, любозна́тельный
knock глагол	/nɑk/	стуча́ть, сту́кнуть
involve глагол	/ɪnˈvɑlv/	каса́ться, косну́ться
stack существительное	/stæk/	сто́пка, ки́па
cathedral существительное	/kəˈθiːdɹəl/	собо́р, кафедра́льный собо́р
invent глагол	/ɪnˈvɛnt/	изобрета́ть, изобрести́
trick существительное	/ˈtɹɪk/	обма́н, трюк
mystery существительное	/ˈmɪs.t(ə.)ɹi/	та́йна, зага́дка
skill существительное	/skɪl/	уме́ние, на́вык
incredibly наречие	/ɪŋˈkɹɛdɪbli/	невероя́тно

Фразовые глаголы, которые вы услышите

Слово	Произношение	Значение
pile up глагол		нагроможда́ть, нагромозди́ть
build up глагол		накапливаться, скапливаться
check out глагол		проверя́ть, прове́рить
come along глагол		сопровожда́ть, составля́ть компа́нию
come up глагол		поднима́ться, подня́ться
fall down глагол	/fɔl ˈdaʊn/	па́дать, упа́сть
figure out глагол		разбира́ться, разобра́ться
pick out глагол		выковы́ривать, вы́ковырять

Фразы, которые стоит повторять

Короткие законченные фразы из видео, которые пригодятся в повседневном разговоре:

What's the tallest skyscraper anyone can build?
What do you think?
You see the shape of the sides?
Why do you think they built it this way?
You notice the top?

Грамматика в этом видео

Конструкции, которые говорящий использует чаще всего, с точными словами из видео:

Конструкция	В видео
Пассивный залог be + причастие прошедшего времени — важно, что происходит, а не кто это делает	were invented · was built · be built
Present Perfect have/has + причастие прошедшего времени — прошлое действие, важное сейчас	Have you ever played · you've ever built · we've figured
Превосходная степень the -est / the most … — самое большое или малое в группе	the tallest · the biggest
Сравнительная степень -er than / more … than — сравнение двух вещей	taller than · less heavy than · higher than

Произношение, на которое стоит обратить внимание

Говорящий использует 13 сокращённых и редуцированных форм, например couldn't, I'm, we've. Произносите их коротко, так, как слышите.

Звуки, трудные для русскоязычных:

Звонкие согласные в конце слова — не оглушайте их: pyramid /ˈpɪɹ.ə.mɪd/, involve /ɪnˈvɑlv/, pause /pɔːz/

Как заниматься с этим видео

Прослушайте всё видео один раз молча и выпишите незнакомые слова.
Начните со скорости 0,75×, повторяйте предложение за предложением и вернитесь к обычной скорости, когда станет легко.
Запишите себя и сравните с оригиналом, обращая внимание на такие слова, как brick, pyramid, pile.

Что такое техника Shadowing?

Shadowing — это научно обоснованная техника изучения языка, изначально разработанная для подготовки профессиональных переводчиков и популяризированная полиглотом доктором Александром Аргуэльесом. Метод прост, но эффективен: вы слушаете аудио на английском от носителей языка и немедленно повторяете вслух — как тень, следующая за говорящим с задержкой в 1–2 секунды. В отличие от пассивного прослушивания или грамматических упражнений, Shadowing заставляет мозг и мышцы рта одновременно обрабатывать и воспроизводить реальные речевые паттерны. Исследования показывают, что это значительно улучшает точность произношения, интонацию, ритм, связную речь, понимание на слух и беглость речи — что делает его одним из самых эффективных методов для подготовки к IELTS Speaking и реального общения на английском.

Техника шедоуинга: читать полное пошаговое руководство →

Практика Shadowing: What's the tallest skyscraper anyone can build? - Изучайте разговорный английский по видео

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