Практика Shadowing: Where do bugs go in winter? - Изучайте разговорный английский по видео
Создание урока...
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Hi, it's Doug.
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What's the most colorful insect you've ever seen?
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Well, a couple years ago, I visited the state of Florida, and I was amazed to see these things.
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They're some of the most colorful grasshoppers I've ever seen.
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It's called a lubber.
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And what was strangest of all?
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It was the middle of December when I saw them.
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Florida doesn't ever get very cold in wintertime, so you can see lots of insects there all year someone
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named Kylie has a question about insects let's give her a
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call now hi hi Kylie I have a question for you
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where do bugs go in winter that's a great question
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if you live somewhere with cold snowy winters you might have noticed this too just a few months earlier in the year,
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you could find all kinds of insects around you, butterflies, ants, bees, and lots more.
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But then winter comes, and they're just gone.
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And it's weird, too.
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I mean, it's not like there are no animals out in winter.
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For example, you might still see deer, or squirrels, even a few birds, like if you get a chance to watch a bird feeder.
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So, where do all the insects go?
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What do you think?
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Now would be a good time to pause the video and discuss.
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Well, I grew up somewhere cold and snowy, and I used to wonder this myself.
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But before I tell you about where insects go in winter, let me give you a clue involving a very different kind of animal.
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These frogs.
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You see, I'm kind of obsessed with frogs, and one of my favorite places to visit when I was younger was this pond that was near where I lived.
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I'd look for frogs there.
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I actually got to be pretty good at catching the frogs, showing them to my friends and family, and then releasing them again into the pond.
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But every winter, the pond would freeze over, and the frogs would disappear.
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It wasn't just the frogs, either.
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I started to notice there'd never be any turtles in winter.
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and never any snakes, too.
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It was kind of sad for me, actually.
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I missed seeing all these creatures I would find in the summer.
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One winter, while walking around the edge of the frozen pond, I was bored.
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I saw this rotten log sitting there, nothing too unusual.
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But since I was bored, I decided to flip it over.
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As I flipped it over, I was totally shocked by what I saw.
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There, under the log, nestled into the freezing cold mud, was this frog in the middle of winter.
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It was just laying there, barely moving.
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Whoa, wait a second.
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The frogs were there the whole time?
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That's when I learned that frogs do something kind of like hibernation.
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They go into a long sleep in winter, burying themselves in the mud when it first starts to get cold in the fall.
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I'd heard of hibernation before, but thought it was something that only bears did.
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And it turns out, it's not just frogs and bears but turtles do this as well, and snakes.
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In fact, some snakes, like these, will actually all gather in a big pile, like in a cave underground, which helps them to stay warm.
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Oh yeah, I never thought about where the snakes went.
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So now, what about insects?
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Could it be that they hibernate during the winter too?
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I'll be honest with you, when I first heard this question, where do bugs go in winter, I thought you might be really disappointed by the answer.
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Because the first thing I thought of were insects like these, praying mantises.
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Praying mantises are one of many insects that, well, the answer is, they don't survive the winter.
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They die.
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While it's sad, it's part of their life cycle.
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Every fall, praying mantises, and lots of other insects too, will lay eggs that do survive.
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So even though the adults don't survive the winter, by spring, babies will be born and their life cycle will go on.
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But as I started to research more about this question, I was pleasantly surprised to find out that not all insects die in the winter.
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Now, I'd known that some insects,
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like monarch butterflies, will actually escape the cold by flying thousands of miles farther south to reach warmer places.
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They migrate, just like many birds do.
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But what about hibernation?
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Are there any insects that can do something similar to what frogs, turtles, and bears do, where they stay alive all winter but just aren't very active?
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In fact, there are.
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Like these, ladybugs are a good example.
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And just like the snakes you saw earlier, ladybugs will often gather together in a big pile in a warm place.
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Sometimes they even try to stay warm by sneaking their way into people's houses.
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If you live somewhere cold in winter, you might be able to notice ladybugs doing this too.
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So in summary, insects and other bugs have different ways of surviving cold, snowy winters.
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Some of them fly south to warmer places.
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Others die, but lay eggs.
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And still others are able to survive all winter.
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They do something similar to hibernation.
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That's all for this week's question.
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Thanks, Kylie, for asking it.
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Now, for the next episode, I reached into my question jar and chose three questions submitted to me that I'm thinking about answering.
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When this video is done playing, you'll get to vote on one.
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You can choose from Why do people throw confetti? Who invented the alphabet?
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Or, how is glass made?
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So submit your vote when the video is over.
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I want to hear from all of you watching.
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There are mysteries all around us.
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Stay curious and see you next week.
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Thank you.
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Лексика и советы по произношению к этому уроку
Этот урок разговорной практики построен на видео «Where do bugs go in winter?». Чаще всего повторяются слова: winter, insect, frog, cold, snakes. В этом видео 81 предложений и 975 слов для шедоуинга. Речь длится 5:58. Говорящий говорит в естественном темпе, около 164 слов в минуту, близком к повседневной речи. Только 80% слов входят в 3000 самых частых слов английского языка, поэтому лексика сложная. Вопросов здесь 13 из 81 предложений, так что это хорошая тренировка вопросительной интонации и коротких ответов.
Ключевая лексика этого видео
15 слов из видео, которые стоит выучить, с произношением и значением:
| Слово | Произношение | Значение |
|---|---|---|
| insect существительное | /ˈɪn.sɛkt/ | насеко́мое, бука́шка |
| snake существительное | /sneɪk/ | змея́ |
| pond существительное | /pɑnd/ | пруд, водоём |
| bug существительное | /bʌɡ/ | клоп |
| freeze глагол | /ˈfɹiːz/ | замерза́ть, замёрзнуть |
| turtle существительное | /ˈtɝtl̩/ | черепа́ха, желвь |
| egg существительное | /ɛɡ/ | яйцо́ |
| pray глагол | /pɹeɪ/ | моли́ться, помоли́ться |
| submit глагол | /səbˈmɪt/ | подчиня́ться, подчини́ться |
| gather глагол | /ˈɡæðɚ/ | собира́ть, собра́ть |
| flip глагол | /flɪp/ | перевора́чивать, переверну́ть |
| pile существительное | /paɪl/ | ку́ча, гру́да |
| bore глагол | /boɹ/ | надоеда́ть, надое́сть |
| butterfly существительное | /ˈbʌ.tə(ɹ).flaɪ/ | ба́бочка, мотылёк |
| colorful прилагательное | /ˈkʌl.əɹ.fl̩/ | разноцве́тный, цвета́стый |
Фразовые глаголы, которые вы услышите
| Слово | Значение |
|---|---|
| find out глагол | узнава́ть, узна́ть |
| grow up глагол | расти́, выраста́ть |
| turn out глагол | ока́зываться, оказа́ться |
Фразы, которые стоит повторять
Короткие законченные фразы из видео, которые пригодятся в повседневном разговоре:
- What's the most colorful insect you've ever seen?
- Let's give her a call now.
- What do you think?
- I'd look for frogs there.
- You can choose from, why do people throw confetti?
Грамматика в этом видео
Конструкции, которые говорящий использует чаще всего, с точными словами из видео:
| Конструкция | В видео |
|---|---|
| Пассивный залог be + причастие прошедшего времени — важно, что происходит, а не кто это делает | was amazed · will be born · is done |
| Present Perfect have/has + причастие прошедшего времени — прошлое действие, важное сейчас | you've ever seen · I've ever seen |
| Вероятность с «might / may» might/may + глагол — возможно, но не точно | might have · might still see · might be |
| Превосходная степень the -est / the most … — самое большое или малое в группе | the most colorful |
Произношение, на которое стоит обратить внимание
Говорящий использует 18 сокращённых и редуцированных форм, например I'd, don't, I'm. Произносите их коротко, так, как слышите.
- Звуки «sh» и «zh»: shock /ʃɔk/, unusual /ʌnˈjuːʒ(u)əl/, hibernation /ˌhaɪ.bəɹˈneɪ.ʃən/
- Длинные слова — следите за ударением: unusual /ʌnˈjuːʒ(u)əl/, disappointed /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnɪd/, hibernation /ˌhaɪ.bəɹˈneɪ.ʃən/
Звуки, трудные для русскоязычных:
- /w/ — губы округлены, это не /v/: whoa /woʊ/, squirrel /ˈskwɪ.ɹ(ə)l/
- /h/ — лёгкий выдох, а не русское «х»: hibernation /ˌhaɪ.bəɹˈneɪ.ʃən/, grasshopper /ˈɡɹæsˌhɑpəɹ/, hibernate /ˈhaɪbəɹˌneɪt/
- Звонкие согласные в конце слова — не оглушайте их: pond /pɑnd/, bug /bʌɡ/, freeze /ˈfɹiːz/, egg /ɛɡ/, disappointed /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnɪd/
Как заниматься с этим видео
- Прослушайте всё видео один раз молча и выпишите незнакомые слова.
- Начните со скорости 0,75×, повторяйте предложение за предложением и вернитесь к обычной скорости, когда станет легко.
- Запишите себя и сравните с оригиналом, обращая внимание на такие слова, как insect, snake, pond.
Что такое техника Shadowing?
Shadowing — это научно обоснованная техника изучения языка, изначально разработанная для подготовки профессиональных переводчиков и популяризированная полиглотом доктором Александром Аргуэльесом. Метод прост, но эффективен: вы слушаете аудио на английском от носителей языка и немедленно повторяете вслух — как тень, следующая за говорящим с задержкой в 1–2 секунды. В отличие от пассивного прослушивания или грамматических упражнений, Shadowing заставляет мозг и мышцы рта одновременно обрабатывать и воспроизводить реальные речевые паттерны. Исследования показывают, что это значительно улучшает точность произношения, интонацию, ритм, связную речь, понимание на слух и беглость речи — что делает его одним из самых эффективных методов для подготовки к IELTS Speaking и реального общения на английском.