Практика Shadowing: Why is the sky blue? - Изучайте разговорный английский по видео
Создание урока...
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Hi it's Doug.
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I've got a plastic sandwich bag and I was noticing how
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if you look through one plastic sandwich bag it's clear but
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if you get a whole bunch of them check this out
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now it's not clear it looks kind of blue you see
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that the reason I have these plastic sandwich bags with me is
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because I heard there's an interesting question this week from someone named Celine Let's give her a call now.
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Hi, Doug.
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Hi, Celine.
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Good to see you.
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Our class has a question for you.
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Why is the sky blue?
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That's a great question.
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Before I say anything, I want you to stop and think about it.
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What do you think?
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Could you come up with any idea for why you think the sky is blue?
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Now would be a good time to pause the video so that you can think and discuss this with someone near you.
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Okay, you ready?
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There are a lot of different ideas you could have come up with.
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I can't guess all of the ideas you might have had, but I'll bet at least one of you thought, maybe the sky is blue because our oceans are blue.
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Like, maybe the sky reflects the color of our oceans.
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That's a really interesting idea.
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There's actually a way to figure out if that's the reason.
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Think about it.
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If the color of the sky had to do with the color of Earth's surface, then if you were in the middle of a continent, surrounded by thousands of miles of land,
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like this, then the sky shouldn't look blue at all, right?
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It should actually look green, reflecting the color of all the land.
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But that's not the case.
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Even people who live in the middle of a whole bunch of land still see blue sky.
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Why is the sky blue then?
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This is a hard question to solve.
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Scientists themselves didn't know for a long time.
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Here's an interesting clue I can point out though.
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We've sent spacecraft up to the moon and to other planets.
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And it turns out the sky in those places isn't blue.
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Have a look at the sky as seen from the moon.
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Whoa, it's a black sky.
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Okay, now let's check out what the sky looks like from Mars.
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You ready?
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Here it is.
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Weird, it's kind of a yellowish sky.
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So the Moon's sky and Mars' sky are somehow different from Earth's sky.
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What's going on here?
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Well, keep in mind, our own sky is made out of air.
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It turns out the Moon has no air at all, so the sky just looks like outer space, even when you're on the surface of the Moon.
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Now Mars' sky has air, but it's a different kind of air than what's found on Earth.
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It's mostly made of a gas called carbon dioxide.
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So the blue color of Earth's sky, this is a view from space, it has something to do with the kind of air that Earth has.
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Our air is made of two gases.
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It's got some oxygen.
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That's the part of air that our bodies need to breathe in.
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And Earth's air has a whole bunch of another gas, too, called nitrogen.
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When the sunlight shines on all that oxygen and nitrogen, it looks blue to our eyes.
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And the reason Mars' sky looks yellow is because of the gas that its sky is made of.
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When sunlight shines on carbon dioxide, it looks yellow.
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Now, I have to point something out.
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This is not the full story.
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There's more to this question.
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It's complicated.
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The reason that our planet's air looks blue also has something to do with how light works.
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Look around you.
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You're surrounded by Earth's air.
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It's the same stuff that's in our sky.
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But it doesn't look blue, does it?
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No, it's clear.
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You see, it matters how much air you're looking at.
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When you look up at the sky you're looking at a
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lot more air than just the air in the room around you.
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Sometimes when you have a lot of something, like this water in a swimming pool, it can look different than when you just have a little bit of something, like this water in a glass of water.
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It's also kind of like those plastic sandwich bags I was playing with earlier.
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Just one of them looks clearer, but when you have a whole bunch of them the color looks different,
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doesn't it it's interesting here's another thing to notice our sky
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isn't always blue is it at the time around sunrise
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or sunset you can see lots of different colors especially reddish orange color
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all of this is something we can explore in a future episode
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but as a first step toward understanding why our sky is blue you can just notice
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that our sky is blue because of the type of air we have in our sky.
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We can see for ourselves by comparing the color of our
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sky with the color of the sky on other planets and the moon.
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The way that light works, when you have a whole bunch of our type of air, it looks blue to our eyes.
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Thanks, Selene, for asking that question.
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Now, for the next episode, I reached into my question jar and found three questions submitted to me that I'm thinking about answering.
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When this video is done playing, you'll get to vote on one.
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you can choose from why do people have different eye colors
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or if the earth is round why does it look flat
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or how did alligators get their name so submit your vote
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when the video is over I want to hear from all
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of you watching now just like a lot of you are
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taking a summer break I'm gonna take a break as well
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but I'll be back in September remember there are mysteries all around you.
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Have fun and stay curious.
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Лексика и советы по произношению к этому уроку
В этом видео 91 предложений и 1002 слов для шедоуинга. Речь длится 6:03. Говорящий говорит в естественном темпе, около 166 слов в минуту, близком к повседневной речи. 89% слов входят в 3000 самых частых слов английского языка, поэтому лексика простая.
Ключевая лексика этого видео
15 слов из видео, которые стоит выучить, с произношением и значением:
| Слово | Произношение | Значение |
|---|---|---|
| reflect глагол | /ɹɪˈflɛkt/ | отража́ть, отража́ться |
| submit глагол | /səbˈmɪt/ | подчиня́ться, подчини́ться |
| oxygen существительное | /ˈɑksɪd͡ʒən/ | кислоро́д |
| shine глагол | /ʃaɪn/ | свети́ть, сия́ть |
| sunlight существительное | /ˈsʌnˌlaɪt/ | со́лнечный свет |
| dioxide существительное | /daɪˈɑksaɪd/ | диокси́д, двуо́кись |
| surround глагол | /səˈɹaʊnd/ | окружа́ть, окружи́ть |
| nitrogen существительное | /ˈnaɪ.tɹə.d͡ʒən/ | азо́т |
| complicated прилагательное | /ˈkɑm.plɪˌkeɪ.tɪd/ | сло́жный, запу́танный |
| compare глагол | /kəmˈpɛɚ/ | сра́внивать, сравни́ть |
| curious прилагательное | /ˈkjʊɹ.i.əs/ | любопы́тный, любозна́тельный |
| mystery существительное | /ˈmɪs.t(ə.)ɹi/ | та́йна, зага́дка |
| solve глагол | /sɒlv/ | реша́ть, реши́ть |
| explore глагол | /ɪkˈsploɹ/ | иссле́довать |
| breathe глагол | /bɹiːð/ | дыша́ть |
Фразовые глаголы, которые вы услышите
| Слово | Значение |
|---|---|
| come up with глагол | придумывать, приходить в голову |
| turn out глагол | ока́зываться, оказа́ться |
| check out глагол | проверя́ть, прове́рить |
| figure out глагол | разбира́ться, разобра́ться |
| look around глагол | осма́триваться, осмотре́ться |
| point out глагол | ука́зывать, указа́ть |
Произношение, на которое стоит обратить внимание
Говорящий использует 19 сокращённых и редуцированных форм, например you're, doesn't, I'll. Произносите их коротко, так, как слышите.
- Звуки «sh» и «zh»: shine /ʃaɪn/, reddish /ˈɹɛdɪʃ/, yellowish /ˈjɛlɔʊɪʃ/
- Длинные слова — следите за ударением: complicated /ˈkɑm.plɪˌkeɪ.tɪd/, alligator /ˈæl.ɪ.ɡeɪ.tɚ/
Как заниматься с этим видео
- Прослушайте всё видео один раз молча и выпишите незнакомые слова.
- Начните со скорости 0,75×, повторяйте предложение за предложением и вернитесь к обычной скорости, когда станет легко.
- Запишите себя и сравните с оригиналом, обращая внимание на такие слова, как reflect, submit, oxygen.
Грамматика в этом видео
Конструкции, которые говорящий использует чаще всего, с точными словами из видео:
| Конструкция | В видео |
|---|---|
| Пассивный залог be + причастие прошедшего времени — важно, что происходит, а не кто это делает | is made · is done |
| Past Continuous was/were + -ing — действие, которое длилось в определённый момент прошлого | was noticing · was playing |
| Совет с «should» should + глагол — сказать, что стоит сделать | shouldn't look · should actually look |
| Present Continuous am/is/are + -ing — то, что происходит сейчас или в эти дни | you're looking · I'm thinking |
Что такое техника Shadowing?
Shadowing — это научно обоснованная техника изучения языка, изначально разработанная для подготовки профессиональных переводчиков и популяризированная полиглотом доктором Александром Аргуэльесом. Метод прост, но эффективен: вы слушаете аудио на английском от носителей языка и немедленно повторяете вслух — как тень, следующая за говорящим с задержкой в 1–2 секунды. В отличие от пассивного прослушивания или грамматических упражнений, Shadowing заставляет мозг и мышцы рта одновременно обрабатывать и воспроизводить реальные речевые паттерны. Исследования показывают, что это значительно улучшает точность произношения, интонацию, ритм, связную речь, понимание на слух и беглость речи — что делает его одним из самых эффективных методов для подготовки к IELTS Speaking и реального общения на английском.