跟讀練習: What's the tallest skyscraper anyone can build? - 通過影片學習英語口語

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Hi, it's Doug.

Have you ever played the game Jenga?

Some people are able to build some pretty tall towers.

Like, check out this, the world record.

This person piled 485 blocks on one single Jenga block.

That's some amazing balancing skills.

Someone named Ashley has a question about building things.

Let's give Ashley a call now.

Hi, Doug.

Hi, Ashley.

I have a question for you.

What's the tallest skyscraper anyone can build?

Oh, that's a great question.

Humans have been trying to build super tall things for a long time.

Before skyscrapers were invented, pyramids were the tallest objects built on Earth.

Take a look at this one.

It's called the Great Pyramid of Giza.

Builders stacked over 2 million heavy stone blocks to make it that high.

The pyramid was the tallest human -made thing on Earth for almost 4 ,000 years until this came along.

This is the Lincoln Cathedral, and it was once over 500 feet tall.

But then something happened.

If you've ever built a tower with blocks, you've probably noticed that the taller you build, the harder it gets.

And that's what happened to the Lincoln Cathedral.

The tallest part toppled over during a storm.

It was just too tall.

When it was built, people just couldn't build things that were very tall yet.

Before I go on, I'm curious.

Why couldn't those earlier pyramids and cathedrals be built as high as skyscrapers are today?

What do you think?

Now would be a good time to pause the video and discuss.

Okay, you ready?

Well, I'm not sure how you answered, but you might think that the earlier buildings weren't made of very strong materials.

But that's not really what's most important.

Bricks and stone blocks are incredibly strong.

It turns out it's the piling up of bricks or stone blocks that creates the problem.

You see, buildings back then were made by piling bricks or stones on top of each other.

The taller the building, the more bricks they would use.

And the more bricks they would use, the heavier the building would get.

If it got too heavy, it could collapse from its own weight, or it could topple over.

So the piling up of bricks or stone blocks is what kept people from making really tall buildings.

Since then, we've figured out how to build even taller buildings, buildings that are way taller than the first pyramids and cathedrals,

buildings that seem to scrape the sky.

These buildings, called skyscrapers, are now the tallest human -made objects on Earth, and they don't fall down.

How is that even possible?

Well, building a skyscraper involves a totally different way of creating a building.

Rather than stacking up building blocks, the way they did with pyramids, or the way you do in Jenga,

it involves giving the building a skeleton or structure on the inside.

This new way of building led to the first ever skyscraper, the Home Insurance Building in Chicago.

Instead of building with piled up bricks, it was built with a steel skeleton.

And since the skeleton was holding the building up, the rest of the building, like walls and windows, could be hung on the steel beams,

like pictures hang on walls.

And since those walls didn't need to be made out of piled up bricks anymore, they could be really light.

At least much less heavy than building materials of the past.

This changed everything.

By building with steel skeletons instead of heavy bricks, builders could build taller than ever.

Now, even with a skeleton, there was another thing that could knock it over.

Wind.

A skyscraper is like a giant sail.

The taller it is, the more wind pushes into it, and those winds can actually knock a skyscraper down.

So skyscraper builders are constantly trying to find ways to get around this problem, like the builders of this skyscraper did.

This is one of the tallest skyscrapers in the world.

You see the shape of the sides?

Why do you think they built it this way?

It's all because of the wind.

The spiral shape helps the wind twist around it instead of crashing into it.

And take a look at this one.

You notice the top?

Some Some skyscrapers are even built with holes in them so that the wind blows straight through.

Now by inventing new ways to trick the wind,

we've been able to build from 88 floors to 101 floors to the tallest skyscraper in the world, currently the Burj Khalifa.

It's 163 floors tall.

And that brings us back to our question.

How tall can a skyscraper be?

Well, no one really knows for sure how tall, but we are sure of this.

We can build a lot higher than the skyscrapers we have today.

In fact, builders in Japan are planning to build a skyscraper that's one mile tall.

It's called the Sky Mile Tower, and when it's finished, it will be more than 10 times the height of the Great Pyramid of Giza.

That's twice as tall as the tallest skyscraper we have now.

That's all for this week's question.

Thanks Ashley for asking it.

Now with Valentine's Day coming up, I picked out three questions from the question jar that all have something to do with the heart.

When this video is done playing, you'll get to vote on one.

You can choose from, does your heart grow?

Which animal has the biggest heart?

Or what's inside your heart?

So submit your vote when the video's over.

I want to hear from all of you watching.

There are mysteries all around us.

Stay curious and see you next week.

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本課的詞彙與口語要點

這節口語課以影片“What's the tallest skyscraper anyone can build?”為素材。影片中反覆出現的詞有：skyscraper, tall, build, bricks, tallest。這段影片共有 72 個句子、945 個單詞可供跟讀。講話部分時長為 6:02。說話人語速自然，每分鐘約 157 個詞，接近日常對話。 83% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，其餘的詞建議在練習前先學一下。

影片中的重點詞彙

影片中 15 個值得學習的單詞，附發音和釋義：

單詞	發音	釋義
brick 名詞	/ˈbɹɪk/	磚仔 /磚仔, 磚 /磚
pyramid 名詞	/ˈpɪɹ.ə.mɪd/	金字塔
pile 名詞	/paɪl/	堆
builder 名詞	/ˈbɪl.dəɹ/	建築工人 /建築工人, 建築工 /建築工
skeleton 名詞	/ˈskɛlətən/	骨骼, 骸骨
curious 形容詞	/ˈkjʊɹ.i.əs/	好奇, 有好奇心
knock 動詞	/nɑk/	敲
stack 名詞	/stæk/	堆
cathedral 名詞	/kəˈθiːdɹəl/	大教堂, 主教座堂
invent 動詞	/ɪnˈvɛnt/	發明 /發明
trick 名詞	/ˈtɹɪk/	詭計 /詭計, 騙術 /騙術
mystery 名詞	/ˈmɪs.t(ə.)ɹi/	謎 /謎, 謎團 /謎團
skill 名詞	/skɪl/	技巧, 技能
submit 動詞	/səbˈmɪt/	讓步 /讓步, 屈服
twist 動詞	/twɪst/	扭, 搓

影片中出現的短語動詞

單詞	發音	釋義
check out 動詞		退房
come along 動詞		陪伴, 陪同
come up 動詞		上來 /上來
fall down 動詞	/fɔl ˈdaʊn/	落下, 倒下
figure out 動詞		弄清楚
turn out 動詞		原來 /原來

值得反覆跟讀的句子

影片中簡短而完整的句子，可以直接用在日常對話裡：

What's the tallest skyscraper anyone can build?
What do you think?
You see the shape of the sides?
Why do you think they built it this way?
You notice the top?

影片中的語法

說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：

結構	影片中的用法
被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的	were invented · was built · be built
現在完成時 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去發生但與現在仍有關聯的事	Have you ever played · you've ever built · we've figured
最高階 the -est / the most … — 一組中最高或最低的	the tallest · the biggest
比較級 -er than / more … than — 比較兩個事物	taller than · less heavy than · higher than

需要注意的發音

說話人用了 13 次縮略和弱讀形式，例如 couldn't, I'm, we've。請按聽到的簡短形式來說。

中文母語者容易讀錯的音：

/v/ — 不要讀成 /w/，上齒輕觸下唇: involve /ɪnˈvɑlv/, invent /ɪnˈvɛnt/
詞尾子音 — 要讀清楚，後面不要加母音: brick /ˈbɹɪk/, pyramid /ˈpɪɹ.ə.mɪd/, curious /ˈkjʊɹ.i.əs/, knock /nɑk/, involve /ɪnˈvɑlv/
/r/ 和 /l/ 的區別: builder /ˈbɪl.dəɹ/, cathedral /kəˈθiːdɹəl/, incredibly /ɪŋˈkɹɛdɪbli/, spiral /ˈspaɪɹəl/

如何用這段影片練習

先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟讀，熟練之後再回到正常速度。
錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 brick, pyramid, pile 這類單詞。

什麼是跟讀法？

跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。

影子跟讀法: 閱讀完整分步指南 →

跟讀練習: What's the tallest skyscraper anyone can build? - 通過影片學習英語口語

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