跟读练习: How is glass made? - 通过视频学习英语口语

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Hi, it's Doug.

I recently came across this unbelievable video.

It was taken at a hotel in Texas where on the roof of the hotel they have this pool

that hangs off the edge and it has a glass bottom.

Look at this.

Would you go in there?

Would you trust this glass?

Someone named Benjamin has a question about glass.

Let's give him a call now.

Hi, Doug.

Hi, Benjamin.

I have a question for you.

How is glass made?

That's a great question.

It's funny, right?

Think about just how many objects around you are made of glass.

Without glass, we'd have no windows, no windshields for our cars, no No drinking glasses or eyeglasses.

No skyscrapers or smartphones.

And yet, it's really not obvious at all where glass comes from.

Like if you're sitting there and you have a table or a desk in front of you like this, that's wood.

I'm guessing you know that wood comes from a tree.

Or this statue here is carved from stone.

You know where that comes from. But glass?

Glass is a material that has to be made.

How do they make it?

Where does it come from?

Before I say anything more, now would be a good time to pause the video and discuss.

Okay, you ready?

Well, believe it or not, Glass is made by taking a bunch of sand and getting it so hot that it melts.

It's one of the most amazing things to watch how it's made because in order to melt sand, you have to use a special type of oven that can get super hot.

It's called a furnace or a kiln.

Here you can see someone loading some sand into the furnace.

Once it gets hot enough, it will melt or become liquid.

And when you get something this hot, you can see it glows, just like lava.

This isn't lava though, it's molten sand.

And as it cools, it will start to look more familiar to you.

It becomes solid glass.

To make a flat sheet of glass, like you'd use for a window, they melt sand until it's molten.

Then they pour it out and roll it into a flat shape like this, and carefully allow it to cool.

More fancy objects, like a glass vase, are even more fun to watch.

This involves a special skill called glass blowing.

You can see here, it starts with this person taking a big glob of molten sand

and getting it on the end of a hollow pipe.

Then she blows air into the pipe.

You can actually blow a bubble into it, which might end up being the open part of the vase.

The molten glass has a similar thickness as honey.

They carefully shape it the way they want it and keep turning it and turning it.

As it cools, it becomes solid.

Artists can make amazing sculptures with glass.

Believe it or not, this artist is making a glass swan.

So that's how glass is made.

But it's kind of weird, isn't it?

I mean, how did people ever discover that if you melt sand, it makes glass?

We've been making glass for a long time.

So long ago now that no one knows for sure who was the first person to discover

that if you melt sand it makes glass.

But some of the earliest objects made of glass come from ancient Egypt, a place covered in desert sand.

Could it be that someone long ago had a campfire

and noticed that the heat of their fire melted the sand beneath it?

No one knows for sure, but it's possible.

That's all for this week's question.

Thanks Benjamin for asking it.

Now for the next episode, there's a lunar eclipse that's going to happen.

I reached into my question jar and chose three questions about lunar eclipses that I'm thinking about answering.

When this video is done playing, you'll get to vote on one.

You can choose from, what's the difference between a solar and lunar eclipse?

Why does the moon turn blood red during a lunar eclipse?

Or where does the word eclipse come from?

So submit your vote when the video's over.

I wanna hear from all of you watching.

There are mysteries all around us.

Stay curious and see you next week.

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本课的词汇与口语要点

这节 B1 级别的口语课以视频“How is glass made?”为素材。视频中反复出现的词有：glass, sand, melt, eclipse, molten。这段视频共有 72 个句子、728 个单词可供跟读。讲话部分时长为 4:28。说话人语速自然，每分钟约 163 个词，接近日常对话。 82% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，其余的词建议在练习前先学一下。全部 72 个句子中有 14 个是问句，适合练习疑问语调和简短回答。

视频中的重点词汇

视频中最难的 15 个单词，附发音和释义：

单词	发音	释义
melt 动词	/mɛlt/	融化, 熔化
eclipse 名词	/ɪˈklɪps/	日食, 日蝕 /日蚀
vase 名词	/veɪ̯s/	花瓶
furnace 名词	/ˈfɝnɪs/	火爐 /火炉, 烤爐 /烤炉
lava 名词	/ˈlɑvə/	熔岩
pipe 名词	/ˈpaɪp/	笛子, 管子
campfire 名词	/ˈkæmpˌfaɪ̯ɚ/	營火 /营火
skyscraper 名词	/ˈskaɪˌskɹeɪpɚ/	摩天大樓 /摩天大楼, 摩天樓 /摩天楼
windshield 名词	/wɪnˈʃiːld/	擋風玻璃 /挡风玻璃, 風擋 /风挡
thickness 名词	/ˈθɪknəs/	厚度
swan 名词	/swɑn/	鵠 /鹄, 天鵝 /天鹅
glow 动词	/ɡloʊ/	發光 /发光, 發亮 /发亮
sculpture 名词	/ˈskʌlpt͡ʃɚ/	雕塑, 雕像
hollow 形容词	/ˈhɑloʊ/	空心, 中空
pause 名词	/pɔːz/	停頓 /停顿, 暫停 /暂停

视频中出现的短语动词

单词	释义
end up 动词	到达

值得反复跟读的句子

视频中简短而完整的句子，可以直接用在日常对话里：

Would you go in there?
Would you trust this glass?
Let's give him a call now.
We've been making glass for a long time.

视频中的语法

说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：

结构	视频中的用法
被动语态 be + 过去分词 — 强调发生了什么，而不是谁做的	was taken · are made · is carved
最高级 the -est / the most … — 一组中最高或最低的	the most amazing · the earliest
现在进行时 am/is/are + -ing — 此刻或近期正在发生的事	you're sitting · I'm guessing · is making
“will” 表将来 will + 动词 — 决定、承诺或预测	will melt · will start · you'll get

需要注意的发音

说话人用了 10 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 I'm, isn't, wanna。请按听到的简短形式来说。

“th” 音: thickness /ˈθɪknəs/, beneath /bɪˈniːθ/

中文母语者容易读错的音：

/v/ — 不要读成 /w/，上齿轻触下唇: vase /veɪ̯s/, lava /ˈlɑvə/, oven /ˈʌ.vn̩/, unbelievable /ˌʌnbɪˈliːvəbl̩/, involve /ɪnˈvɑlv/
词尾辅音 — 要读清楚，后面不要加元音: melt /mɛlt/, eclipse /ɪˈklɪps/, vase /veɪ̯s/, furnace /ˈfɝnɪs/, pipe /ˈpaɪp/
/æ/ — 嘴张大，不要读成 /e/: campfire /ˈkæmpˌfaɪ̯ɚ/, eyeglass /ˈaɪˌɡlæs/, statue /ˈstæt͡ʃu/

如何用这段视频练习

先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟读，熟练之后再回到正常速度。
录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 melt, eclipse, vase 这类单词。

什么是跟读法？

跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。

影子跟读法: 阅读完整分步指南 →

跟读练习: How is glass made? - 通过视频学习英语口语

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