Prática de Shadowing: How is glass made? - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo
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Hi, it's Doug.
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I recently came across this unbelievable video.
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It was taken at a hotel in Texas where on the roof of the hotel they have this pool
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that hangs off the edge and it has a glass bottom.
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Look at this.
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Would you go in there?
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Would you trust this glass?
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Someone named Benjamin has a question about glass.
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Let's give him a call now.
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Hi, Doug.
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Hi, Benjamin.
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I have a question for you.
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How is glass made?
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That's a great question.
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It's funny, right?
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Think about just how many objects around you are made of glass.
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Without glass, we'd have no windows, no windshields for our cars, no No drinking glasses or eyeglasses.
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No skyscrapers or smartphones.
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And yet, it's really not obvious at all where glass comes from.
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Like if you're sitting there and you have a table or a desk in front of you like this, that's wood.
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I'm guessing you know that wood comes from a tree.
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Or this statue here is carved from stone.
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You know where that comes from. But glass?
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Glass is a material that has to be made.
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How do they make it?
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Where does it come from?
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Before I say anything more, now would be a good time to pause the video and discuss.
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Okay, you ready?
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Well, believe it or not, Glass is made by taking a bunch of sand and getting it so hot that it melts.
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It's one of the most amazing things to watch how it's made because in order to melt sand, you have to use a special type of oven that can get super hot.
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It's called a furnace or a kiln.
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Here you can see someone loading some sand into the furnace.
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Once it gets hot enough, it will melt or become liquid.
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And when you get something this hot, you can see it glows, just like lava.
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This isn't lava though, it's molten sand.
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And as it cools, it will start to look more familiar to you.
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It becomes solid glass.
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To make a flat sheet of glass, like you'd use for a window, they melt sand until it's molten.
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Then they pour it out and roll it into a flat shape like this, and carefully allow it to cool.
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More fancy objects, like a glass vase, are even more fun to watch.
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This involves a special skill called glass blowing.
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You can see here, it starts with this person taking a big glob of molten sand
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and getting it on the end of a hollow pipe.
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Then she blows air into the pipe.
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You can actually blow a bubble into it, which might end up being the open part of the vase.
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The molten glass has a similar thickness as honey.
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They carefully shape it the way they want it and keep turning it and turning it.
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As it cools, it becomes solid.
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Artists can make amazing sculptures with glass.
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Believe it or not, this artist is making a glass swan.
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So that's how glass is made.
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But it's kind of weird, isn't it?
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I mean, how did people ever discover that if you melt sand, it makes glass?
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We've been making glass for a long time.
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So long ago now that no one knows for sure who was the first person to discover
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that if you melt sand it makes glass.
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But some of the earliest objects made of glass come from ancient Egypt, a place covered in desert sand.
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Could it be that someone long ago had a campfire
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and noticed that the heat of their fire melted the sand beneath it?
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No one knows for sure, but it's possible.
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That's all for this week's question.
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Thanks Benjamin for asking it.
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Now for the next episode, there's a lunar eclipse that's going to happen.
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I reached into my question jar and chose three questions about lunar eclipses that I'm thinking about answering.
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When this video is done playing, you'll get to vote on one.
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You can choose from, what's the difference between a solar and lunar eclipse?
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Why does the moon turn blood red during a lunar eclipse?
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Or where does the word eclipse come from?
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So submit your vote when the video's over.
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I wanna hear from all of you watching.
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There are mysteries all around us.
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Stay curious and see you next week.
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Vocabulário e dicas de fala para esta lição
Esta aula de conversação de nível B1 usa o vídeo “How is glass made?”. As palavras que mais se repetem: glass, sand, melt, eclipse, molten. Este vídeo tem 72 frases e 728 palavras para praticar shadowing. A fala dura 4:28. O falante fala em ritmo natural, cerca de 163 palavras por minuto, próximo de uma conversa do dia a dia. 82% das palavras estão entre as 3.000 mais comuns do inglês; vale a pena estudar o restante antes de começar. 14 das 72 frases são perguntas, por isso é um bom treino para a entonação de perguntas e respostas curtas.
Vocabulário principal deste vídeo
As 15 palavras mais avançadas do vídeo, com pronúncia e significado:
| Palavra | Pronúncia | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| melt verbo | /mɛlt/ | derreter, fundir |
| eclipse substantivo | /ɪˈklɪps/ | eclipse |
| lunar adjetivo | /ˈlunɚ/ | lunar |
| vase substantivo | /veɪ̯s/ | vaso |
| furnace substantivo | /ˈfɝnɪs/ | fornalha |
| lava substantivo | /ˈlɑvə/ | lava |
| pipe substantivo | /ˈpaɪp/ | flauta |
| campfire substantivo | /ˈkæmpˌfaɪ̯ɚ/ | fogueira |
| skyscraper substantivo | /ˈskaɪˌskɹeɪpɚ/ | arranha-céus |
| windshield substantivo | /wɪnˈʃiːld/ | para-brisa, para-brisas |
| thickness substantivo | /ˈθɪknəs/ | grossura, espessura |
| swan substantivo | /swɑn/ | cisne |
| glow verbo | /ɡloʊ/ | brilhar |
| sculpture substantivo | /ˈskʌlpt͡ʃɚ/ | escultura |
| hollow adjetivo | /ˈhɑloʊ/ | vazio, oco |
Phrasal verbs que você vai ouvir
| Palavra | Significado |
|---|---|
| end up verbo | terminar, acabar |
Frases que vale a pena repetir
Frases curtas e completas do vídeo que você pode usar na conversa do dia a dia:
- Would you go in there?
- Would you trust this glass?
- Let's give him a call now.
- We've been making glass for a long time.
Gramática neste vídeo
As estruturas que o falante mais usa, com as palavras exatas do vídeo:
| Estrutura | No vídeo |
|---|---|
| Voz passiva be + particípio passado — o foco está no que acontece, não em quem faz | was taken · are made · is carved |
| Superlativos the -est / the most … — o maior ou o menor de um grupo | the most amazing · the earliest |
| Present continuous am/is/are + -ing — algo que está acontecendo agora ou nestes dias | you're sitting · I'm guessing · is making |
| Futuro com “will” will + verbo — uma decisão, promessa ou previsão | will melt · will start · you'll get |
Pronúncia para ficar de olho
O falante usa 10 contrações e formas reduzidas, como I'm, isn't, wanna. Diga-as na forma curta, do jeito que você ouve.
- Os sons de “th”: thickness /ˈθɪknəs/, beneath /bɪˈniːθ/
Sons difíceis para falantes de português:
- Consoante final — sem acrescentar um “i” depois: melt /mɛlt/, pipe /ˈpaɪp/, windshield /wɪnˈʃiːld/, submit /səbˈmɪt/
- s + consoante no início — sem um “i” antes: skyscraper /ˈskaɪˌskɹeɪpɚ/, swan /swɑn/, sculpture /ˈskʌlpt͡ʃɚ/, smartphone /ˈsmɑɹtfoʊn/, statue /ˈstæt͡ʃu/
Como praticar com este vídeo
- Ouça o vídeo inteiro uma vez sem falar e anote as palavras que você não conhece.
- Comece na velocidade 0,75×, faça shadowing frase por frase e volte à velocidade normal quando ficar fácil.
- Grave a sua voz e compare com o original, prestando atenção a palavras como melt, eclipse, lunar.
O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.