Shadowing Practice: Why Life Seems to Speed Up as We Age - Learn English Speaking with Video
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I remember when I was a kid waiting an hour for my favorite TV show to come on which was Sharon, Lois and Bram, that felt like eternity.
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But as I've gotten older everything seems to have sped up.
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Time is going much faster.
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That's something virtually everyone agrees upon.
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Yeah I feel like I feel like it does.
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Oh man so much.
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HES sort of gets faster and faster.
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But why is this?
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Is it just an illusion or are there good scientific reasons why time appears to go faster as we get older?
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Well, I'm working with the National Geographic Channel's Brain Games, a show that explores the inner workings of the human mind through experiments
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and interactive games to test out some theories about why this actually occurs.
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There is a reasonable sounding argument that says each year goes faster
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because it makes up a smaller fraction of your entire life.
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Let's say I was only 20.
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One year is only 1 20th of my age.
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When I'm 67, one year is 1 67th of my age.
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This graph shows one year as a percentage of your life at each age.
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But what I find weird about this is if you add up the area underneath the curve, you'll find that you've already lived half of the total by age six.
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So I really don't think this is how our brains perceive time.
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You really think that like a day now?
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Of course not.
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I think there are better reasons why time appears to speed up as we get older.
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So I've come to Venice Beach to find two groups of people, the older and younger, to to see if their perceptions of time differ.
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So what I want to do is I want to set my timer going, and without counting, you tell me when you think a minute is up.
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Let's go.
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Start.
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OK.
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Everywhere around the world, when this experiment is performed, older people typically overestimate, while younger people measure it quite accurately.
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All right, please stop.
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Yep.
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Whoa.
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One minute, two seconds.
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A minute and two seconds.
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A minute and five.
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As we get older, the rate at which our neurons fire, or our neuron conduction velocity, it decreases.
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And you can think of this firing rate a little bit like an internal clock.
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And so if our internal clock is slowing down, that would make everything else, external time, seem to be speeding up.
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I'm gonna tell you the time.
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Now?
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Now.
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One minute.
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That's it?
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That was one minute?
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One minute.
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Minute, 17 seconds.
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Not bad, right?
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Not bad.
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I thought I'd be a lot closer actually, but I guess I wasn't.
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Do you want to know what it really was?
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1 minute 47.
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No way, it was almost 2 minutes.
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It was almost...
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It was almost...
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It really is amazing how fast time flies by, it really is.
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Our sense of time, or chronoception, is not like one of the standard five senses.
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It has no specialized receptor cells, and it does not appear to be localized in just one part of the brain.
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Perhaps this suggests that it's not one coherent thing at all.
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But it does seem that our perception of time is very fundamental.
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Studies of rats have shown that even with their neocortex removed, that is the higher-order thinking part of their brains,
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they're still able to learn how to time 40 seconds accurately.
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That's quite remarkable, and it suggests our sense of time evolved early and is one of the fundamental functions of the brain.
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But that doesn't mean our brains always represent time faithfully.
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For example, have you noticed that really good movies seem to go by much faster than they actually are?
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Or do you notice that your vacations fly by?
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There are good reasons for this.
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When we're focused on something we don't notice the time is passing
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and that makes them feel in the moment shorter than they actually are.
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At its best this results in a mental state called flow.
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This can happen when playing sports or video games or artists when they're fully engrossed in their work or people meditating.
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So I would argue another reason time speeds up as we age is
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because we are more often engrossed in what we're doing.
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Another thing that appears to make time speed up is repetition.
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I'm going to show you a series of images
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and I want you to consider how long each one appears on the screen.
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Are you ready?
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Go!
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So which one appeared to last the longest?
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If you're like most people, you'd probably say the dog.
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But all of those images actually appeared on screen for the same length of time.
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The dog seemed longer because it was novel and therefore your brain had to invest more energy in processing it.
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What's remarkable is that our sense of how long something is or subjective duration
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It correlates highly with how much energy we're using in our brains Now
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if you study how much energy people use in their brains over the course of their lifetime You find
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that it peaks around age 5
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If you think about it this kind of makes sense because
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when you're a kid almost everything is novel to you
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And therefore your brain needs to use more energy fully 66%
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of your resting energy intake That's used by the brain
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because of all of the novel experiences and
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that must at least in part explain why time appears to go more slowly
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So what can we do to slow time down?
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Well studies have shown that being afraid
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increases our perception of time when arachnophobes were forced to stare at spiders for 45 seconds Yes,
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this is a real experiment those arachnophobes judged
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that experience as lasting much longer than 45 seconds as you'd kind of expect Plus,
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experiments involving skydivers or people falling show that they judge their experience to last much longer than it actually is.
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Another time when time appears to pass slowly is when you're bored.
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You know, when you're waiting and waiting, that's all you think about, so it seems like time drags forever.
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Since there is so little to focus on, you are acutely aware of just how much time is passing, and so these boring moments drag on and on.
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So if you really want to slow down your experience of time, you could scare yourself, take up extreme sports, get into accidents, and intersperse all of that with periods of boredom.
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But this viewpoint ignores one important fact, which is that we don't experience time as just one thing.
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We think about time as it passes, but also as it has passed before, when we remember it.
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And those two ways of looking at time, they don't align.
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So for example, holidays, they feel like they go by really fast, but when you think back upon them, they last a long time.
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That's because you had a lot of novel experiences and your brain formed a lot of memories, and it judges the duration of that vacation by the number of memories that were formed.
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All that novelty means lots of memories means it feels like it took a long time, but in the moment it felt fast.
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This is the paradox, the great paradox of our perception of time.
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If you want time to go slowly, there are a lot of things you can expose yourself to that will slow time down, but they won't necessarily be pleasant.
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So maybe the happiest life and the longest remembered life is one where time really seems to fly.
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It's like Einstein said, put your hand on a stove for a minute and it'll feel like an hour, but sit next to a pretty girl for an hour and it'll feel like a minute.
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So what would you like your life to feel like?
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I want to thank the National Geographic channel for sponsoring this episode of Veritasium.
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And if you want to introduce more novelty into your life, then you should check out their series Brain Games.
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The new season begins February 14th at 9, 8 central.
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And this season they have an episode about all of your senses, including your sense of time, Chronoception.
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So if you want to find out more, then check out the link to their website in the description.
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And thank you for watching.
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Did that feel like that lasted long?
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Woordenschat en spreektips bij deze les
Deze spreekles op niveau B2 is gebaseerd op de video “Why Life Seems to Speed Up as We Age”. Deze woorden komen het vaakst terug: brain, appear, sense, faster, seconds. Deze video bevat 118 zinnen en 1408 woorden om na te spreken. Het gesproken deel duurt 7:41. De spreker praat snel, ongeveer 183 woorden per minuut, dus reken op verbonden en ingeslikte klanken. 87% van de woorden hoort bij de 3.000 meest gebruikte Engelse woorden, dus de woordenschat is goed te volgen.
Belangrijke woorden in deze video
De 15 moeilijkste woorden uit de video, met uitspraak en betekenis:
| Woord | Uitspraak | Betekenis |
|---|---|---|
| perception zelfstandig naamwoord | /pɚˈsɛpʃ(ə)n/ | perceptie, gewaarwording |
| chronoception zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˌkɹɑnoʊˈsɛpʃ(ə)n/ | tijdsperceptie |
| neuron zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈn(j)ʊɹɑn/ | neuron, zenuwcel |
| paradox zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈpæ.ɹəˌdɒks/ | paradox, tegenspraak |
| novelty zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈnɑvəlti/ | nieuwigheid |
| bore werkwoord | /boɹ/ | vervelen |
| accurately bijwoord | /ˈæk.jə.ɹɪt.li/ | trefzeker |
| duration zelfstandig naamwoord | /dʒʊˈɹeɪ.ʃən/ | tijdsduur, duur |
| boredom zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈbɔɹ.dəm/ | verveling |
| correlate werkwoord | /ˈkɔɹəleɪt/ | correleren, in wederkerige betrekking staan |
| localize werkwoord | /ˈloʊkəlaɪz/ | lokaliseren |
| meditate werkwoord | /ˈmɛ.dɪˌteɪt/ | mediteren |
| overestimate werkwoord | /ˌəʊvəɹˈɛstɪmeɪt/ | overschatten |
| repetition zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˌɹɛp.əˈtɪʃ.ən/ | herhaling |
| coherent bijvoeglijk naamwoord | /koʊˈhɛɹ.ənt/ | samenhangend, coherent |
Phrasal verbs die je zult horen
| Woord | Betekenis |
|---|---|
| check out werkwoord | onderzoeken |
| slow down werkwoord | afremmen |
| find out werkwoord | ontdekken, onderzoeken |
Zinnen om te herhalen
Korte, volledige zinnen uit de video die je in alledaagse gesprekken kunt gebruiken:
- You really think that like a day now?
- I'm gonna tell you the time.
- Do you want to know what it really was?
Grammatica in deze video
De structuren die de spreker het meest gebruikt, met de exacte woorden uit de video:
| Structuur | In de video |
|---|---|
| Voorwaardelijke zinnen if + zin, will/would + werkwoord — een voorwaarde en het gevolg | If you're like most people, you'd probably |
| Present perfect have/has + voltooid deelwoord — iets uit het verleden dat nu nog telt | I've gotten · you've already lived · I've come |
| Lijdende vorm be + voltooid deelwoord — het gaat om wat er gebeurt, niet om wie het doet | is performed · be localized · were forced |
Uitspraak om op te letten
De spreker gebruikt 30 samentrekkingen en verkorte vormen, zoals don't, I'm, you're. Spreek ze kort uit, zoals je ze hoort.
- De “th”-klanken: faithfully /ˈfeɪθfəli/, underneath /ˌʌndɚˈniθ/
- De klanken “sh” en “zh”: perception /pɚˈsɛpʃ(ə)n/, chronoception /ˌkɹɑnoʊˈsɛpʃ(ə)n/, duration /dʒʊˈɹeɪ.ʃən/, conduction /kənˈdʌkʃən/, repetition /ˌɹɛp.əˈtɪʃ.ən/
- Lange woorden — let op de klemtoon: chronoception /ˌkɹɑnoʊˈsɛpʃ(ə)n/, accurately /ˈæk.jə.ɹɪt.li/, overestimate /ˌəʊvəɹˈɛstɪmeɪt/, repetition /ˌɹɛp.əˈtɪʃ.ən/, eternity /əˈtɜɹnəti/
Klanken die Nederlandstaligen lastig vinden:
- Stemhebbende eindmedeklinker — /b/, /d/, /g/, /z/, /v/ niet verscherpen: localize /ˈloʊkəlaɪz/, specialize /ˈspɛʃəˌlaɪz/, stove /stoʊv/, perceive /pɚˈsiv/, subjective /səbˈd͡ʒɛktɪv/
- /æ/ — opener dan de Nederlandse “e”: paradox /ˈpæ.ɹəˌdɒks/, accurately /ˈæk.jə.ɹɪt.li/, fraction /ˈfɹæk.ʃən/, graph /ɡɹæf/, interactive /ˌɪn.tɚˈæk.tɪv/
- /g/ — een harde plofklank, geen Nederlandse “g”: engross /ɪnˈɡɹəʊs/, graph /ɡɹæf/
Zo oefen je met deze video
- Luister de hele video één keer zonder te spreken en noteer de woorden die je niet kent.
- Begin op 0,75× snelheid, spreek zin voor zin na en ga terug naar normale snelheid zodra het makkelijk gaat.
- Neem jezelf op en vergelijk met het origineel; let daarbij op woorden als perception, chronoception, neuron.
Wat is de Shadowing-techniek?
Shadowing is een wetenschappelijk onderbouwde taalleermethode die oorspronkelijk is ontwikkeld voor professionele tolkentraining en gepopulariseerd door polyglot Dr. Alexander Arguelles. De methode is eenvoudig maar krachtig: je luistert naar native Engelse audio en herhaalt het onmiddellijk hardop — als een schaduw die de spreker volgt met slechts 1–2 seconden vertraging. In tegenstelling tot passief luisteren of grammaticadrills, dwingt shadowing je hersenen en mondspieren om echte spraakpatronen tegelijkertijd te verwerken en te reproduceren. Onderzoek toont aan dat het de uitspraaknauwkeurigheid, intonatie, ritme, verbonden spraak, luisterbegrip en spreekvaardigheid aanzienlijk verbetert — waardoor het een van de meest effectieve methoden is voor IELTS Speaking-voorbereiding en echte Engelse communicatie.