쉐도잉 연습: Why Life Seems to Speed Up as We Age - 영상으로 영어 말하기 배우기

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I remember when I was a kid waiting an hour for my favorite TV show to come on which was Sharon, Lois and Bram, that felt like eternity.

But as I've gotten older everything seems to have sped up.

Time is going much faster.

That's something virtually everyone agrees upon.

Yeah I feel like I feel like it does.

Oh man so much.

HES sort of gets faster and faster.

But why is this?

Is it just an illusion or are there good scientific reasons why time appears to go faster as we get older?

Well, I'm working with the National Geographic Channel's Brain Games, a show that explores the inner workings of the human mind through experiments

and interactive games to test out some theories about why this actually occurs.

There is a reasonable sounding argument that says each year goes faster

because it makes up a smaller fraction of your entire life.

Let's say I was only 20.

One year is only 1 20th of my age.

When I'm 67, one year is 1 67th of my age.

This graph shows one year as a percentage of your life at each age.

But what I find weird about this is if you add up the area underneath the curve, you'll find that you've already lived half of the total by age six.

So I really don't think this is how our brains perceive time.

You really think that like a day now?

Of course not.

I think there are better reasons why time appears to speed up as we get older.

So I've come to Venice Beach to find two groups of people, the older and younger, to to see if their perceptions of time differ.

So what I want to do is I want to set my timer going, and without counting, you tell me when you think a minute is up.

Let's go.

Start.

OK.

Everywhere around the world, when this experiment is performed, older people typically overestimate, while younger people measure it quite accurately.

All right, please stop.

Yep.

Whoa.

One minute, two seconds.

A minute and two seconds.

A minute and five.

As we get older, the rate at which our neurons fire, or our neuron conduction velocity, it decreases.

And you can think of this firing rate a little bit like an internal clock.

And so if our internal clock is slowing down, that would make everything else, external time, seem to be speeding up.

I'm gonna tell you the time.

Now?

Now.

One minute.

That's it?

That was one minute?

One minute.

Minute, 17 seconds.

Not bad, right?

Not bad.

I thought I'd be a lot closer actually, but I guess I wasn't.

Do you want to know what it really was?

1 minute 47.

No way, it was almost 2 minutes.

It was almost...

It really is amazing how fast time flies by, it really is.

Our sense of time, or chronoception, is not like one of the standard five senses.

It has no specialized receptor cells, and it does not appear to be localized in just one part of the brain.

Perhaps this suggests that it's not one coherent thing at all.

But it does seem that our perception of time is very fundamental.

Studies of rats have shown that even with their neocortex removed, that is the higher-order thinking part of their brains,

they're still able to learn how to time 40 seconds accurately.

That's quite remarkable, and it suggests our sense of time evolved early and is one of the fundamental functions of the brain.

But that doesn't mean our brains always represent time faithfully.

For example, have you noticed that really good movies seem to go by much faster than they actually are?

Or do you notice that your vacations fly by?

There are good reasons for this.

When we're focused on something we don't notice the time is passing

and that makes them feel in the moment shorter than they actually are.

At its best this results in a mental state called flow.

This can happen when playing sports or video games or artists when they're fully engrossed in their work or people meditating.

So I would argue another reason time speeds up as we age is

because we are more often engrossed in what we're doing.

Another thing that appears to make time speed up is repetition.

I'm going to show you a series of images

and I want you to consider how long each one appears on the screen.

Are you ready?

Go!

So which one appeared to last the longest?

If you're like most people, you'd probably say the dog.

But all of those images actually appeared on screen for the same length of time.

The dog seemed longer because it was novel and therefore your brain had to invest more energy in processing it.

What's remarkable is that our sense of how long something is or subjective duration

It correlates highly with how much energy we're using in our brains Now

if you study how much energy people use in their brains over the course of their lifetime You find

that it peaks around age 5

If you think about it this kind of makes sense because

when you're a kid almost everything is novel to you

And therefore your brain needs to use more energy fully 66%

of your resting energy intake That's used by the brain

because of all of the novel experiences and

that must at least in part explain why time appears to go more slowly

So what can we do to slow time down?

Well studies have shown that being afraid

increases our perception of time when arachnophobes were forced to stare at spiders for 45 seconds Yes,

this is a real experiment those arachnophobes judged

that experience as lasting much longer than 45 seconds as you'd kind of expect Plus,

experiments involving skydivers or people falling show that they judge their experience to last much longer than it actually is.

Another time when time appears to pass slowly is when you're bored.

You know, when you're waiting and waiting, that's all you think about, so it seems like time drags forever.

Since there is so little to focus on, you are acutely aware of just how much time is passing, and so these boring moments drag on and on.

100

So if you really want to slow down your experience of time, you could scare yourself, take up extreme sports, get into accidents, and intersperse all of that with periods of boredom.

101

But this viewpoint ignores one important fact, which is that we don't experience time as just one thing.

102

We think about time as it passes, but also as it has passed before, when we remember it.

103

And those two ways of looking at time, they don't align.

104

So for example, holidays, they feel like they go by really fast, but when you think back upon them, they last a long time.

105

That's because you had a lot of novel experiences and your brain formed a lot of memories, and it judges the duration of that vacation by the number of memories that were formed.

106

All that novelty means lots of memories means it feels like it took a long time, but in the moment it felt fast.

107

This is the paradox, the great paradox of our perception of time.

108

If you want time to go slowly, there are a lot of things you can expose yourself to that will slow time down, but they won't necessarily be pleasant.

109

So maybe the happiest life and the longest remembered life is one where time really seems to fly.

110

It's like Einstein said, put your hand on a stove for a minute and it'll feel like an hour, but sit next to a pretty girl for an hour and it'll feel like a minute.

111

So what would you like your life to feel like?

112

I want to thank the National Geographic channel for sponsoring this episode of Veritasium.

113

And if you want to introduce more novelty into your life, then you should check out their series Brain Games.

114

The new season begins February 14th at 9, 8 central.

115

And this season they have an episode about all of your senses, including your sense of time, Chronoception.

116

So if you want to find out more, then check out the link to their website in the description.

117

And thank you for watching.

118

Did that feel like that lasted long?

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이 레슨의 어휘와 말하기 포인트

이 B2 수준 말하기 레슨은 영상 “Why Life Seems to Speed Up as We Age”을(를) 바탕으로 합니다. 가장 자주 반복되는 단어는 다음과 같습니다: brain, appear, sense, faster, seconds. 이 영상에는 섀도잉할 문장 118개와 단어 1408개가 있습니다. 말하는 구간의 길이는 7:41입니다. 화자는 분당 약 183단어로 빠르게 말하므로 연음과 약하게 발음되는 소리가 많습니다. 단어의 87%가 영어에서 가장 많이 쓰이는 3,000단어에 속해 어휘가 쉬운 편입니다.

이 영상의 핵심 어휘

영상에서 가장 어려운 단어 15개를 발음, 뜻과 함께 정리했습니다.

단어	발음	뜻
chronoception 명사	/ˌkɹɑnoʊˈsɛpʃ(ə)n/	시간 지각
neuron 명사	/ˈn(j)ʊɹɑn/	신경 세포
paradox 명사	/ˈpæ.ɹəˌdɒks/	모순, 자가당착
novelty 명사	/ˈnɑvəlti/	신기함
duration 명사	/dʒʊˈɹeɪ.ʃən/	기간, 지속
boredom 명사	/ˈbɔɹ.dəm/	갑갑증, 지루함
meditate 동사	/ˈmɛ.dɪˌteɪt/	숙고하다
neocortex 명사		신피질
repetition 명사	/ˌɹɛp.əˈtɪʃ.ən/	되풀이, 반복
skydiver 명사	/ˈskaɪˌdaɪvɚ/	스카이다이버
timer 명사	/ˈtaɪmɚ/	타이머
stove 명사	/stoʊv/	난로, 스토브
perceive 동사	/pɚˈsiv/	감지하다, 지각하다
subjective 형용사	/səbˈd͡ʒɛktɪv/	주관적
eternity 명사	/əˈtɜɹnəti/	영원, 영구

따라 말해 볼 만한 문장

영상에 나오는 짧고 완결된 문장으로, 일상 대화에서 그대로 쓸 수 있습니다:

You really think that like a day now?
I'm gonna tell you the time.
Do you want to know what it really was?

이 영상의 문법

화자가 가장 많이 쓰는 문형을 영상 속 실제 표현과 함께 정리했습니다.

문형	영상 속 표현
조건문 if + 절, will/would + 동사 — 조건과 그 결과	If you're like most people, you'd probably
현재완료 have/has + 과거분사 — 과거의 일이 지금도 관련이 있을 때	I've gotten · you've already lived · I've come
수동태 be + 과거분사 — 누가 하는지보다 무슨 일이 일어나는지에 초점	is performed · be localized · were forced

주의할 발음

화자는 don't, I'm, you're 같은 축약형과 약화된 형태를 30번 사용합니다. 들리는 대로 짧게 발음하세요.

“th” 소리: faithfully /ˈfeɪθfəli/, underneath /ˌʌndɚˈniθ/
“sh”와 “zh” 소리: perception /pɚˈsɛpʃ(ə)n/, chronoception /ˌkɹɑnoʊˈsɛpʃ(ə)n/, duration /dʒʊˈɹeɪ.ʃən/, conduction /kənˈdʌkʃən/, repetition /ˌɹɛp.əˈtɪʃ.ən/
긴 단어 — 강세 위치에 주의: chronoception /ˌkɹɑnoʊˈsɛpʃ(ə)n/, accurately /ˈæk.jə.ɹɪt.li/, overestimate /ˌəʊvəɹˈɛstɪmeɪt/, repetition /ˌɹɛp.əˈtɪʃ.ən/, eternity /əˈtɜɹnəti/

한국어 화자가 어려워하는 소리:

/f/ — ㅍ(/p/)으로 바꾸지 말고 윗니를 아랫입술에 대기: faithfully /ˈfeɪθfəli/, fraction /ˈfɹæk.ʃən/, differ /ˈdɪfɚ/, graph /ɡɹæf/
/v/ — ㅂ(/b/)과 구별하기: novelty /ˈnɑvəlti/, overestimate /ˌəʊvəɹˈɛstɪmeɪt/, skydiver /ˈskaɪˌdaɪvɚ/, viewpoint /ˈvjuː.pɔɪnt/, stove /stoʊv/
/z/ — ㅈ이 아니라 성대를 울리는 /s/: localize /ˈloʊkəlaɪz/, specialize /ˈspɛʃəˌlaɪz/, expose /ɪkˈspoʊz/

이 영상으로 연습하는 방법

먼저 말하지 않고 영상을 끝까지 듣고 모르는 단어를 적어 둡니다.
0.75배속으로 한 문장씩 섀도잉을 시작하고, 익숙해지면 보통 속도로 돌아갑니다.
자신의 목소리를 녹음해 원본과 비교하고, chronoception, neuron, paradox 같은 단어에 특히 주의합니다.

쉐도잉이란? 영어 실력을 빠르게 키우는 과학적 방법

쉐도잉(Shadowing)은 원래 전문 통역사 훈련을 위해 개발된 언어 학습 기법으로, 다언어 학자인 Dr. Alexander Arguelles에 의해 대중화된 방법입니다. 핵심 원리는 간단하지만 매우 강력합니다: 원어민의 영어를 들으면서 1~2초의 짧은 지연으로 즉시 소리 내어 따라 말하는 것——마치 '그림자(shadow)'처럼 화자를 따라가는 것입니다. 문법 공부나 수동적인 청취와 달리, 쉐도잉은 뇌와 입 근육이 동시에 실시간으로 영어를 처리하고 재현하도록 훈련합니다. 연구에 따르면 이 방법은 발음 정확도, 억양, 리듬, 연음, 청취력, 말하기 유창성을 크게 향상시킵니다. IELTS 스피킹 준비와 자연스러운 영어 소통을 원하는 분들에게 특히 효과적입니다.

섀도잉 방법: 단계별 전체 가이드 읽기 →

쉐도잉 연습: Why Life Seems to Speed Up as We Age - 영상으로 영어 말하기 배우기

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