Prática de Shadowing: How to talk about CLIMATE CHANGE in English - Aprenda a falar inglês com o YouTube
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How do you talk about climate change in English and with confidence?
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How do you talk about climate change in English and with confidence?
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Let's find out.
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Hello, this is Keith from English Speaking Success and also if you didn't know I run the website Keith Speaking Academy.
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Nice to see you here,
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hoping to, well, help you speak better English,
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give better answers and get a higher score on IELTS Speaking.
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So today I'm going to take you on a rather quick
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tour of the key language you need to speak about climate change.
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We're going to look at five things.
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You're going to learn key terminology,
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some advanced collocations, some useful verbs,
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some nice phrasal verbs, and five, some idiomatic expressions.
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It doesn't get any better.
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Let's do it.
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Right, let's dig in first with some terminology.
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First one, of course, climate change.
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Of course, this is the long-term change to the weather and the temperature in the world.
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We're getting more extreme weather,
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storms and flooding and so on.
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And of course, global warming as the planet gets warmer or hotter.
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Number two, CO2, not CEO.
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CO2 is carbon dioxide, carbon dioxide.
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Carbon dioxide is one of the gases.
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It's one of the greenhouse gases that contributes to global warming and climate change.
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It's kind of seen as the baddie,
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the not good gas, that is part of the problem.
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The next one, carbon emissions.
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Difficult to say, carbon emissions.
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Can you say it?
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Great, so carbon emissions is how much carbon we put into the atmosphere.
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So when we burn fossil fuels,
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like oil, gas, coal, then what happens is we're putting CO2 into the air.
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This is the damage we do.
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Of course, there are also natural carbon emissions,
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for example, from breathing or decomposition as well.
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Next one, carbon footprint.
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You know when you walk on the sand,
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you leave a footprint in the sand and you can see where you've been.
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Carbon footprint is the same idea.
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It's how much CO2 you put into the atmosphere.
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And from your activities like using electricity,
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maybe taking a plane somewhere or driving your car,
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we can see how much CO2 you're putting out.
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That's your carbon footprint.
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It can apply to a person,
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to a company, to an event, the carbon footprint.
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Next, carbon neutral.
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The idea here is that
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when the CO2 we put into the environment is the same as the CO2 we take out of the environment,
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then it's carbon neutral, it's level.
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So for example, if you're driving your car to your friend's house,
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you're putting CO2 into the atmosphere from your car,
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the fuel from the car.
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However, if when you get to your friend's house,
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you plant a tree, the tree will be taking in CO2 and that can balance out so you're carbon neutral.
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Clever, hey?
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Although your friend's gonna end up with a lot of trees in his garden.
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Next, net zero emissions.
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To be honest, it's the same as carbon neutral.
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So all of the big governments around the world are now striving to have net zero emissions
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so that at the end of the day,
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what they put out and what they bring in is gonna be the same.
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So there's no extra CO2 causing climate change.
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So you'll hear governments talking about net zero commitments.
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They have a net zero commitment to be carbon neutral in the near future.
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So we all have to reduce our carbon footprints.
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Well, there's things that governments can do,
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there's things individuals can do.
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That's the topic for another video.
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Finally, renewable energy.
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So we've got energy that comes from things like coal,
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gold, no coal, gas, these fossil fuels,
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that once we've used them, boom, they're gone.
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We can't renew them, we can't use them again.
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However, things like the sun,
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water, and the wind, we can get energy from these sources,
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and they are renewable because we can use them again.
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Renewable energy.
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So energy from the sun, we call solar energy.
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Energy from water, we call hydro energy.
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And energy from the wind, we call wind energy.
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There are others like geothermal,
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but without getting too complex.
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That's the main thing, renewable energies.
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That's what we're all talking about.
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That's what we're all striving for.
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Well, most of us.
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Great terminology, done.
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Let's move on.
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Okay, let's look now at advanced collocations.
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So when you listen to governments and activists and organizations talk about climate change,
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you're gonna hear these kind of collocations.
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They're used a lot, very, very important.
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First of all, let's look at some words and collocations that use the idea of big,
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something is big.
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Now, people don't say it's a big challenge, right?
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Because, well, you go, okay,
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well, passing IELTS is a big challenge.
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So in order to make people wake up and to capture their attention,
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often politicians and journalists use different words.
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They will say, climate change is an unsurmountable challenge.
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Unsurmountable means you cannot get over it.
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It's an unsurmountable challenge.
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Can you say that?
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An unsurmountable challenge.
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Great.
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People could say, well, it has a big impact, right?
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Deforestation, that's cutting down trees, has a big impact.
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Well, okay.
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Or it has a serious impact.
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Much more powerful.
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Deforestation has a serious impact.
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We could also say, there's a big need to do that.
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Well, yes, I mean, there's a big need to go running in the evening and get fit.
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But talking about climate change, there's an urgent need.
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You'll hear this all the time.
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There's an urgent need for us to reduce our carbon footprint.
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Can you say that?
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There's an urgent need for us to reduce our carbon footprint.
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Lovely, good.
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Another one for big is,
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well, a big change, right?
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We need to make a big change.
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Well, that's not very exciting.
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No, we need to make a drastic change.
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This sense of it's more than big,
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it has to be radical.
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We need to make a drastic change.
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Lovely, great.
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So we've looked at big, what about easy?
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Now, often we see other words for easy.
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I'm just gonna throw one at you.
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And instead of saying, there is no easy solution,
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you often hear, there is no straightforward solution.
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Straightforward solution.
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Can you say?
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Great, so there is no straightforward solution to climate change.
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Okay, there are some nice nifty collocations.
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Let's move on.
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Okay, let's look now at four useful verbs to talk about climate change with confidence.
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I'm going to test you first to see what you say,
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and then we'll look at the answer.
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There are different possibilities, so let's have a look.
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The first one is to blank a target.
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What would you say?
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Right, so the most common is probably to reach a target.
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Here's your target and you reach the target.
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If you listen to people talking at COP26,
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the big climate change conference,
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they're talking about the urgent need to reach the 1.5 target.
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That is to limit global warming of the planet's surface to 1.5 degrees Celsius.
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So to reach a target,
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you can say to hit a target,
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to attain a target, or to achieve a target.
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All of those are fine.
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Number two, to blank solutions.
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Okay, now you may talk about to find solutions,
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but I'm thinking not only to find,
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but to implement solutions, right?
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So we talk about implementing solutions.
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You could also say to put into place solutions.
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Okay, so it's not only finding,
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but it's making it happen.
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That's the key thing.
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Next one, number three, to blank sustainable.
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Yeah, this one's a straightforward answer.
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to become sustainable, right?
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So we need our industries to become sustainable.
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We need our lifestyle to become sustainable.
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Something that can carry on for a long time without causing harm or damage.
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Okay, last but not least, to blank emissions.
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There are different possibilities, but if we're talking about climate change,
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then we're probably talking about to reduce emissions.
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You could say to lower emissions,
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to cut back on emissions.
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The other interesting one is to offset emissions.
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Do you remember the friend with all the trees in his garden, right?
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What's happening there is you're driving the car,
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You're doing something that's having a negative impact.
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You're planting the tree has a positive impact.
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So when you balance a negative and a positive,
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then you offset the negative with the positive.
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So there are lots of carbon offset schemes now where you can offset emissions by doing something positive
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for the environment, I mean.
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Okay, great, nice useful verbs.
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Let's move on.
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Right, next up, phrasal verbs.
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I've got four phrasal verbs for you.
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A phrasal verb, by the way,
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is a verb plus a particle or an adverbial particle or a preposition like in,
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on, out, under, away, from.
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And often the phrasal verb is a bit idiomatic.
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So the words don't mean exactly the same, right?
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For example, to cut down a tree, right?
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Is to cut down a tree.
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It's very clear what it means.
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But to cut down on smoking doesn't mean you're cutting your cigarettes.
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It's more idiomatic.
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It means to reduce how much you smoke.
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So that's the first one, right?
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The cut down on coal.
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We need to cut down on coal means to reduce.
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Cut down on how much coal we use.
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We need to cut down on our use of fossil fuels,
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for example, cut down on.
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Number two, very similar meaning,
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right, to reduce, cut back on.
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We need to cut back on coal.
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We need to cut back on coal production.
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Nice.
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Number three also means to reduce,
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but to do it slowly phase out.
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There's an urgent need to phase out our use of carbon, for example.
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Lastly, we've got to give up something,
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meaning to stop doing it or having it.
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We need to give up our way of life.
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Give up, give up.
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We need to give up our way of life.
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We need to give up our excessive use of coal,
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water and fossil fuels, for example.
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Okay, I said this was a whirlwind tour, a very quick tour.
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Let's move on next to some idiomatic expressions.
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So let's look at some idiomatic expressions.
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First of all, do your bit,
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to do your bit means to make your contribution,
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to do something that is expected of you, right?
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So when it comes to climate change,
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you can do your bit by eating less meat,
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by driving less frequently, by taking a bicycle instead.
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A similar expression is to play your part.
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You can play your part by turning off the lights when you leave the room.
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Next one, kick the can down the road.
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Now a can, maybe a can like this is a can of a drink.
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When you kick the can down the road,
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it means you're delaying making a difficult decision.
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When Greta Thunberg went into the UN climate change meeting and she said, How dare you?
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Because she knew that governments around the world were kicking the can down the road.
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They were delaying the decision to act on climate change.
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Kick the can down the road.
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Can you say that?
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Lovely.
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Next one, to grapple with an issue.
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We are grappling with this issue,
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but it's difficult to solve.
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So to grapple with an issue or a problem or difficulty is to try hard to solve it,
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but it's very difficult.
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So governments around the world are grappling with the issue of climate change.
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Nice.
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Next one, face a problem head on, head on.
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Here's the problem.
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So instead of looking kind of to the side,
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head on, face the problem head on,
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means to directly try to handle or deal with the problem.
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So you may find with problems that we often try to avoid them or ignore them.
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What we should do is face the problem head on and solve it, implement solutions.
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Next one, to put our heads in the sand or to put your head in the sand,
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or if it's me, I'm putting my head in the sand.
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It comes from the famous bird,
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the ostrich, who we think puts its head in the sand and it means to ignore a situation.
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I think you have this expression in several other languages.
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So sometimes governments are accused of putting their head in the sand when they refuse to talk about climate change.
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Don't put your head in the sand.
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Look up, face the problem head on.
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The last expression is to make a dent in a problem.
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To make a dent in a problem means to have a small impact, not enough.
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We often say, we can't even make a dent in this problem.
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We can't even make a dent in this problem.
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It means we can't have any impact, we can't reduce it.
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Again, let me take my can.
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Thank you Guinness, not sponsoring.
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But if I take a hammer and my can,
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then I dent the can, can you see that?
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But that doesn't solve the problem, right?
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It's just a very small impact.
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So I can't make a dent in the problem.
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I can't even have a small impact.
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I can't reduce it.
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If we don't do something,
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if we don't take drastic action to make drastic change,
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then we're not even gonna make a dent in the problem of climate change.
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That's it.
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Lots of expressions, verbs, collocations,
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and things like that to help you speak with more confidence on the topic of climate change.
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I hoped you enjoyed the video.
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If you did, please remember to click on subscribe,
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turn on the notifications to find out about new and upcoming videos in the near future.
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In the meantime, go and check out my website, Keith Speaking Academy.
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If you're preparing for IELTS,
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it's a gold mine full of interesting stuff.
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See you soon, my friends.
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Take care.
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Bye-bye.
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Thank you.
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Sobre Esta Aula
Nesta aula, você irá praticar como falar sobre as mudanças climáticas em inglês, utilizando um vocabulário específico e expressões idiomáticas. Vamos explorar termos importantes como "aquecimento global" e "emissões de carbono", além de aprender algumas estruturas gramaticais que o ajudarão a se comunicar com mais confiança. O objetivo é preparar você para discutir esse tópico relevante e atual de maneira clara e articulada, facilitando seu aprendizado de inglês com YouTube e contribuindo para a melhoria na sua pontuação em provas de conversação, como o IELTS.
Vocabulário e Frases-Chave
- Climate change: Mudança climática, referindo-se às alterações a longo prazo nas condições meteorológicas e temperatura do planeta.
- Global warming: Aquecimento global, o fenômeno do aumento da temperatura da Terra.
- CO2 (Carbon dioxide): Dióxido de carbono, um dos gases do efeito estufa que contribui para as mudanças climáticas.
- Carbon emissions: Emissões de carbono, a quantidade de carbono liberada na atmosfera, principalmente através da queima de combustíveis fósseis.
- Carbon footprint: Pegada de carbono, que mede a quantidade total de CO2 que um indivíduo ou atividade gera.
- Carbon neutral: Carbono neutro, quando a quantidade de CO2 emitida é igual à quantidade retirada do ambiente.
Dicas de Prática
Para uma prática efetiva, experimente a técnica de shadow speech, onde você irá ouvir e repetir as falas do vídeo. A velocidade das conversas pode variar, então comece tentando acompanhar o ritmo do locutor e, à medida que se sentir mais confortável, aumente a velocidade. Essa prática não apenas aprimora sua pronúncia, mas também ajuda a internalizar o vocabulário. Use uma shadowing site para facilitar esta prática, permitindo que você pause e repita sempre que necessário. Lembre-se de focar na entonação e na emoção das palavras, o que tornará sua fala mais natural. O uso desses métodos ajudará você a dominar o inglês, especialmente quando o assunto for tão crítico quanto as mudanças climáticas.
O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.
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