Prática de Shadowing: IELTS Listening - Renewable energy by sea waves - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo

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You will hear part of a lecture on renewable energy that uses the power of the sea.

First, you have some time to look at questions 31 to 40.

Thank you.

Now listen carefully and answer questions 31 to 40.

Producing enough energy to meet our needs has become a serious problem.

Demand is rising rapidly because of the world's increasing population and expanding industry.

Burning fossil fuels, like gas, coal and oil, seriously damages the environment, and they'll eventually run out.

For a number of years now, scientists have been working out how we can derive energy from renewable sources,

such as the sun and wind, without causing pollution.

Today, I'll outline marine renewable energy,

also called ocean energy, which harnesses the movement of the oceans.

Marine renewable energy can be divided into three main categories.

Wave energy, tidal energy, and ocean thermal energy conversion.

And I'll say a few words about each one.

First, wave energy.

Numerous devices have been invented to harvest wave energy, with names such as Wave Dragon, the Penguin, and Mighty Whale,

and research is going on to try and come up with a really efficient method.

This form of energy has plenty of potential, as the source is constant, and there's no danger of waves coming to a standstill.

Electricity can be generated using onshore systems, using a reservoir or offshore systems.

But the problem with ocean waves is that they're erratic, with the wind making them travel in every direction.

This adds to the difficulty of creating efficient technology.

Ideally, all the waves would travel smoothly and regularly along the same straight line.

Another drawback is that sand and other sediment on the ocean floor might be stopped from flowing normally,

which can lead to environmental problems.

The second category of marine energy that I'll mention is tidal energy.

One major advantage of using the tide, rather than waves as a source of energy, is that it's predictable.

We know the exact times of high and low tides for years to come.

For tidal energy to be effective, the difference between high and low tides needs to be at least 5 meters,

and this occurs naturally in only about 40 places on Earth.

But the right conditions can be created by constructing a tidal lagoon, an area of seawater separated from the sea.

One current plan is to create a tidal lagoon on the coast of Wales.

This will be an area of water within a bay at Swansea, sheltered by a U -shaped breakwater,

or dam, built out from the coast.

The breakwater will contain 16 hydro turbines, and as the tide rises,

water rushes through the breakwater, activating the turbines, which turn a generator to produce electricity.

Then, for three hours as the tide goes out, the water is held back within the breakwater,

increasing the difference in water level until it's several meters higher within the lagoon than in the open sea.

Then, in order to release the stored water, gates in the breakwater are opened.

It pours powerfully out of the lagoon,

driving the turbines in the breakwater in the opposite direction and again generating thousands of megawatts of electricity.

As there are two high tides a day, this lagoon scheme would generate electricity four times a day,

every day, for a total of around 14 hours in every 24,

and enough electricity for over 150 ,000 homes.

This system has quite a lot in its favour.

Unlike solar and wind energy, it doesn't depend on the weather.

The turbines are operated without the need for fuel, so it doesn't create any greenhouse gas emissions, and very little maintenance is needed.

It's estimated that electricity generated in this way will be relatively cheap,

and that manufacturing the components would create more than 2 ,000 jobs, a big boost to the local economy.

On the other hand, there are fears that lagoons might harm both fish and birds,

for example by disturbing migration patterns and causing a buildup of silt, affecting local ecosystems.

There are other forms of tidal energy, but I'll go on to the third category of marine energy, ocean thermal energy conversion.

This depends on there being a big difference in temperature between surface water

and the water a couple of kilometres below the surface, and this occurs in tropical coastal areas.

The idea is to bring cold water up to the surface using a submerged pipe.

The concept dates back to 1881.

That is the end of Section 4.

You now have half a minute to check your answers.

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Vocabulário e dicas de fala para esta lição

Esta aula de conversação usa o vídeo “IELTS Listening - Renewable energy by sea waves”. As palavras que mais se repetem: energy, wave, breakwater, lagoon, tidal. Este vídeo tem 57 frases e 749 palavras para praticar shadowing. A fala dura 7:19. O falante fala devagar, cerca de 102 palavras por minuto, o que dá tempo para imitar cada som. Apenas 79% das palavras estão entre as 3.000 mais comuns do inglês, por isso o vocabulário é exigente.

Vocabulário principal deste vídeo

15 palavras do vídeo que vale a pena aprender, com pronúncia e significado:

Palavra	Pronúncia	Significado
electricity substantivo	/ɪˌlɛkˈtɹɪsɪti/	eletricidade
tidal adjetivo	/ˈtaɪ.d(ə)l/	de maré
generate verbo	/ˈd͡ʒɛn.ə.ɹeɪt/	gerar
renewable adjetivo	/ɹɪˈnu.ə.bl̩/	renovável
turbine substantivo	/ˈtɜː.baɪn/	turbina
occur verbo	/əˈkɜː/	ocorrer, acontecer
efficient adjetivo	/ɪˈfɪʃənt/	eficiente
conversion substantivo	/kənˈvɝʒən/	conversão
depend verbo	/dɪˈpɛnd/	depender
meter substantivo	/ˈmitəɹ/	contador
thermal adjetivo	/ˈθɜːməl/	térmico, termal
naturally advérbio	/ˈnæt͡ʃ.(ə.)ɹə.li/	naturalmente
rush verbo	/ɹʌʃ/	apressar-se
gate substantivo	/ˈɡeɪ̯t/	portão
harm substantivo	/hɑːm/	dano, mal

Phrasal verbs que você vai ouvir

Palavra	Pronúncia	Significado
come up with verbo		pensar (em), alcançar
go out verbo		sair
run out verbo		ficar sem
work out verbo	/ˌwɝk ˈaʊt/	calcular

Gramática neste vídeo

As estruturas que o falante mais usa, com as palavras exatas do vídeo:

Estrutura	No vídeo
Voz passiva be + particípio passado — o foco está no que acontece, não em quem faz	can be divided · have been invented · can be generated
Present perfect have/has + particípio passado — uma ação passada que ainda importa agora	has become · have been invented

Pronúncia para ficar de olho

O falante usa 8 contrações e formas reduzidas, como I'll, doesn't, they'll. Diga-as na forma curta, do jeito que você ouve.

Os sons de “th”: thermal /ˈθɜːməl/, smoothly /ˈsmuːðli/
Os sons de “sh” e “zh”: efficient /ɪˈfɪʃənt/, conversion /kənˈvɝʒən/, rush /ɹʌʃ/, shelter /ˈʃɛltə/, pollution /pəˈluʃən/
Palavras longas — acerte a sílaba tônica: electricity /ɪˌlɛkˈtɹɪsɪti/, naturally /ˈnæt͡ʃ.(ə.)ɹə.li/, difficulty /ˈdɪfɪkəlti/, generator /ˈdʒɛnəɹeɪtə(ɹ)/, ecosystem /ˈikoʊˌsɪstəm/

Sons difíceis para falantes de português:

Consoante final — sem acrescentar um “i” depois: tide /taɪd/, generate /ˈd͡ʒɛn.ə.ɹeɪt/, efficient /ɪˈfɪʃənt/, depend /dɪˈpɛnd/, gate /ˈɡeɪ̯t/
/l/ final — a língua toca o céu da boca, não vira “u”: tidal /ˈtaɪ.d(ə)l/, thermal /ˈθɜːməl/, coastal /ˈkoʊstəl/, tropical /ˈtɹɑ.pɪ.kəl/, predictable /pɹəˈdɪktəbləl/
/h/ — um sopro suave, diferente do “r”: harm /hɑːm/, harvest /ˈhɑɹ.vəst/, greenhouse /ˈɡɹːnˌ(h)aʊs/, harness /ˈhɑɹ.nəs/, hydroelectric /ˌhʌɪdrəʊɪˈlɛktrɪk/

Como praticar com este vídeo

Ouça o vídeo inteiro uma vez sem falar e anote as palavras que você não conhece.
Faça shadowing frase por frase na velocidade normal, repetindo cada uma até o seu ritmo ficar igual ao do falante.
Grave a sua voz e compare com o original, prestando atenção a palavras como electricity, tidal, generate.

O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?

Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.

Técnica de shadowing: leia o guia completo passo a passo →

Prática de Shadowing: IELTS Listening - Renewable energy by sea waves - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo

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