Prática de Shadowing: Cambridge 10 Test 4 Section 4 Listening - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo

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Section 4.
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You will hear a woman talking to a group of first -year science undergraduates about the developing science of nanotechnology.
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First, you have some time to look at questions 31 to 40.
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Thank you. to 40.
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Today we're going to look at an important area of science, namely nanotechnology.
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So what is it?
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Nano means tiny, so it's science and engineering on the scale of atoms and molecules.
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The idea is that by controlling and rearranging atoms, you can literally create anything.
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However, as we'll see, the science of the small has some big implications, affecting us in many ways.
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There's no doubt that nanotechnology promises so much for civilization.
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However, all new technologies have their teething problems.
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And with nanotechnology, society often gets the wrong idea about its capabilities.
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Numerous science fiction books and movies have raised people's fears about nanotechnology,
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with scenarios such as inserting little nanorobots into your body that monitor everything you do without you realising it,
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or self -replicating nanorobots that eventually take over the world.
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So, how do we safeguard such a potentially powerful technology.
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Some scientists recommend that nanoparticles be treated as new chemicals with separate safety tests and clear labelling.
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They believe that greater care should also be taken with nanoparticles in laboratories and factories.
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Others have called for a withdrawal of new nanoproducts such as cosmetics and a temporary halt to many kinds of nanotech research.
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But as far as I'm concerned, there's a need to plough ahead with the discoveries and applications of nanotechnology.
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I really believe that most scientists would welcome a way to guard against unethical uses of such technology.
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We can't go around thinking that all innovation is bad, all advancement is bad.
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As with the debate about any new technology, it is how you use it that's important.
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So, let's look at some of its possible uses.
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Thanks to nanotechnology, there could be a major breakthrough in the field of transportation, with the production of more durable metals.
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These could be virtually unbreakable, lighter and much more pliable, leading to planes that are 50 times lighter than at present.
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Those same improved capabilities will dramatically reduce the cost of travelling into space,
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making it more accessible to ordinary people and opening up a totally new holiday destination.
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In terms of technology, the computer industry will be able to shrink computer parts down to minute sizes.
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We need nanotechnology in order to create a new generation of computers
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that will work even faster and will have a million times more memory, but will be about the size of a sugar cube.
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Nanotechnology could also revolutionise the way that we generate power.
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The cost of solar cells will be drastically reduced, so harnessing this energy will be far more economical than at present.
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But nanotechnology has much wider applications than this and could have an enormous impact on our environment.
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For instance, tiny airborne nanorobots could be programmed to actually rebuild the ozone layer,
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which could lessen the impact of global warming on our planet.
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That's a pretty amazing thought, isn't it?
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On a more local scale,
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this new technology could help with the clean -up of environmental disasters as nanotechnology will allow us to remove oil
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and other contaminants from the water far more effectively.
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And if nanotechnology progresses as expected, as a sort of building block set of about 90 atoms,
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then you could build anything you wanted from the bottom up.
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In terms of production, this means that you only use what you need and so there wouldn't be any waste
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The notion that you could create anything at all has major implications for our health
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It means that we'll eventually be able to replicate anything
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This would have a phenomenal effect on our society
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In time, it could even lead to the eradication of famine through the introduction of machines
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that produce food to feed the hungry.
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But it's in the area of medicine that nanotechnology may have its biggest impact.
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How we detect disease will change as tiny biosensors are developed to analyse tests in minutes rather than days.
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There's even speculation nanorobots could be used to slow the ageing process, lengthening life expectancy.
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As you can see, I'm very excited by the implications that could be available to us in the next few decades.
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Just how long it'll take, I honestly don't know.
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That is the end of Section 4.
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You now have half a minute to check your answers.
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Thank you.
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to transfer your answers to the answer sheet.

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Vocabulário e dicas de fala para esta lição

Esta aula de conversação usa o vídeo “Cambridge 10 Test 4 Section 4 Listening”. As palavras que mais se repetem: nanotechnology, science, technology, nanorobots, atoms. Este vídeo tem 57 frases e 753 palavras para praticar shadowing. A fala dura 7:23. O falante fala devagar, cerca de 102 palavras por minuto, o que dá tempo para imitar cada som. 82% das palavras estão entre as 3.000 mais comuns do inglês; vale a pena estudar o restante antes de começar.

Vocabulário principal deste vídeo

15 palavras do vídeo que vale a pena aprender, com pronúncia e significado:

PalavraPronúnciaSignificado
atom substantivo/ˈætəm/átomo
hungry adjetivo/ˈhʌŋ.ɡɹi/faminto, com fome
scientist substantivo/ˈsaɪəntəst/cientista
capability substantivo/ˌkeɪ.pəˈbɪl.ɪ.ti/capacidade
replicate verbo/ˈɹɛplɪkeɪt/replicar
temporary adjetivo/ˈtɛmp(əˌɹ)ɛɹi/temporário
discovery substantivo/dɪˈskʌv.ɹi/descoberta
fiction substantivo/ˈfɪkʃən/literatura de ficção, ficção
label substantivo/ˈleɪ.bəl/etiqueta, rótulo
ordinary adjetivo/ˈɔɹdɪnɛɹi/ordinário, normal
layer substantivo/ˈleɪ̯ɚ/camada
sheet substantivo/ʃit/folha
disaster substantivo/dɪˈzɑːs.təː/desastre
potentially advérbio/pəˈtɛnʃ(ə)li/potencialmente
monitor substantivo/ˈmɑ.nɪ.tɚ/monitor, observador

Phrasal verbs que você vai ouvir

PalavraSignificado
take over verbotomar posse de, apoderar-se de

Gramática neste vídeo

As estruturas que o falante mais usa, com as palavras exatas do vídeo:

EstruturaNo vídeo
Voz passiva be + particípio passado — o foco está no que acontece, não em quem fazbe treated · be taken · could be programmed
Present perfect have/has + particípio passado — uma ação passada que ainda importa agorahave raised · have called

Pronúncia para ficar de olho

O falante usa 10 contrações e formas reduzidas, como I'm, we'll, can't. Diga-as na forma curta, do jeito que você ouve.

  • Os sons de “th”: withdrawal /wɪðˈdɹɔ(ə)l/, breakthrough /ˈbɹeɪk.θɹuː/, lengthen /ˈlɛŋθən/, teethe /tiːð/, unethical /ʌnˈɛθɪkəl/
  • Os sons de “sh” e “zh”: implication /ˌɪmpləˈkeɪʃən/, fiction /ˈfɪkʃən/, sheet /ʃit/, potentially /pəˈtɛnʃ(ə)li/, innovation /ˌɪn.əˈveɪ.ʃən/
  • Palavras longas — acerte a sílaba tônica: implication /ˌɪmpləˈkeɪʃən/, capability /ˌkeɪ.pəˈbɪl.ɪ.ti/, temporary /ˈtɛmp(əˌɹ)ɛɹi/, ordinary /ˈɔɹdɪnɛɹi/, potentially /pəˈtɛnʃ(ə)li/

Sons difíceis para falantes de português:

  • Consoante final — sem acrescentar um “i” depois: scientist /ˈsaɪəntəst/, replicate /ˈɹɛplɪkeɪt/, sheet /ʃit/, generate /ˈd͡ʒɛn.ə.ɹeɪt/, detect /dɪˈtɛkt/
  • /l/ final — a língua toca o céu da boca, não vira “u”: label /ˈleɪ.bəl/, accessible /əkˈsɛs.ɪ.bəl/, withdrawal /wɪðˈdɹɔ(ə)l/, phenomenal /fɪˈnɒmɪnəl/, durable /ˈdʊɹəbəl/
  • /h/ — um sopro suave, diferente do “r”: hungry /ˈhʌŋ.ɡɹi/, harness /ˈhɑɹ.nəs/

Como praticar com este vídeo

  1. Ouça o vídeo inteiro uma vez sem falar e anote as palavras que você não conhece.
  2. Faça shadowing frase por frase na velocidade normal, repetindo cada uma até o seu ritmo ficar igual ao do falante.
  3. Grave a sua voz e compare com o original, prestando atenção a palavras como atom, hungry, scientist.

O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?

Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.

Técnica de shadowing: leia o guia completo passo a passo →