Prática de Shadowing: Nanotechnology: technology on a small scale | IELTS LISTENING TEST | SECTION-4 - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo

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You will hear a woman talking to a group of first year science undergraduates about the developing science of nanotechnology.
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First, you have some time to look at questions 31 to 40.
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Now listen carefully and answer questions 31 to 40.
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Today we're going to look at an important area of science, namely nanotechnology. So, what is it?
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Nano means tiny, so it's science and engineering on the scale of atoms and molecules.
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The idea is that by controlling and rearranging atoms, you can literally create anything.
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However, as we'll see, the science of the small has some big implications, affecting us in many ways.
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There's no doubt that nanotechnology promises so much for civilization.
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However, all new technologies have their teething problems.
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and with nanotechnology, society often gets the wrong idea about its capabilities.
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Numerous science fiction books and movies have raised people's fears about nanotechnology.
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With scenarios such as inserting little nanorobots into your body that monitor everything you do without you realising it.
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or self -replicating nano robots that eventually take over the world.
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So how do we safeguard such a potentially powerful technology?
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Some scientists recommend that nanoparticles be treated as new chemicals, with separate safety tests and clear labelling.
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They believe that greater care should also be taken with nanoparticles in laboratories and factories.
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Others have called for a withdrawal of new nanoproducts, such as cosmetics, and a temporary halt to many kinds of nanotech research.
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But as far as I'm concerned, there's a need to plough ahead with the discoveries and applications of nanotechnology.
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I really believe that most scientists would welcome a way to guard against unethical uses of such technology.
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We can't go around thinking that all innovation is bad.
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All advancement is bad.
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As with a debate about any new technology, It is how you use it that's important.
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So, let's look at some of its possible uses.
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Thanks to nanotechnology, there could be a major breakthrough in the field of transportation, with the production of more durable metals.
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These could be virtually unbreakable, lighter and much more pliable, leading to planes that are 50 times lighter than at present.
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Those same improved capabilities will dramatically reduce the cost of travelling into space.
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making it more accessible to ordinary people and opening up a totally new holiday destination.
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In terms of technology, the computer industry will be able to shrink computer parts down to minute sizes.
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We need nanotechnology in order to create a new generation of computers
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that will work even faster and will have a million times more memory, but will be about the size of a sugar cube.
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Nanotechnology could also revolutionise the way that we generate power.
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The cost of solar cells will be drastically reduced, so harnessing this energy will be far more economical than at present.
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But nanotechnology has much wider applications than this and could have an enormous impact on our environment.
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For instance, tiny airborne nanorobots could be programmed to actually rebuild the ozone layer,
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which could lessen the impact of global warming on our planet.
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That's a pretty amazing thought, isn't it?
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On a more local scale,
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this new technology could help with the clean -up of environmental disasters as nanotechnology will allow us to remove oil
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and other contaminants from the water far more effectively.
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and if nanotechnology progresses as expected as a sort of building block set of about 90 atoms
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then you could build anything you wanted from the bottom up In terms of production, this means that you only use what you need.
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And so there wouldn't be any waste.
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The notion that you could create anything at all has major implications for our health.
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It means that we'll eventually be able to replicate anything.
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This would have a phenomenal effect on our society.
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In time, it could even lead to the eradication of famine through the introduction of machines
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that produce food to feed the hungry.
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But it's in the area of medicine that nanotechnology may have its biggest impact.
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How we detect disease will change as tiny biosensors are developed to analyze tests in minutes rather than days.
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There's even speculation nanorobots could be used to slow the aging process, lengthening life expectancy.
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As you can see, I'm very excited by the implications that could be available to us in the next few decades.
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Just how long it'll take, I honestly don't know.
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That is the end of Section 4.
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You now have half a minute to check your answers.
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Thank you.

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Vocabulário e dicas de fala para esta lição

Este vídeo tem 55 frases e 749 palavras para praticar shadowing. A fala dura 6:52. O falante fala devagar, cerca de 109 palavras por minuto, o que dá tempo para imitar cada som. 82% das palavras estão entre as 3.000 mais comuns do inglês; vale a pena estudar o restante antes de começar.

Vocabulário principal deste vídeo

15 palavras menos comuns do vídeo, com pronúncia e significado:

  • atom /ˈætəm/ (substantivo) — átomo. The smallest possible amount of matter which still retains its identity as a chemical element, now known to consist of a nucleus surrounded by electrons.
  • hungry /ˈhʌŋ.ɡɹi/ (adjetivo) — faminto, com fome. Affected by hunger; having the physical need for food.
  • scientist /ˈsaɪəntəst/ (substantivo) — cientista. One whose activities make use of the scientific method to answer questions regarding the measurable universe. A scientist may be involved in original research…
  • capability /ˌkeɪ.pəˈbɪl.ɪ.ti/ (substantivo) — capacidade. The power or ability to generate an outcome.
  • replicate /ˈɹɛplɪkeɪt/ (verbo) — replicar. To make a copy (replica) of.
  • temporary /ˈtɛmp(əˌɹ)ɛɹi/ (adjetivo) — temporário. Not permanent; existing only for a period or periods of time.
  • carefully /ˈkɛɹf(ə)li/ (advérbio) — cuidadosamente, cautelosamente. With care; attentively, circumspectly.
  • discovery /dɪˈskʌv.ɹi/ (substantivo) — descoberta. Something discovered.
  • fiction /ˈfɪkʃən/ (substantivo) — literatura de ficção, ficção. Literary type using invented or imaginative writing, instead of real facts, usually written as prose.
  • label /ˈleɪ.bəl/ (substantivo) — etiqueta, rótulo. A small ticket or sign giving information about something to which it is attached or intended to be attached.
  • ordinary /ˈɔɹdɪnɛɹi/ (adjetivo) — ordinário, normal. Having regular jurisdiction; now only used in certain phrases.
  • layer /ˈleɪ̯ɚ/ (substantivo) — camada. A single thickness of some material covering a surface.
  • disaster /dɪˈzɑːs.təː/ (substantivo) — desastre. An unexpected natural or man-made catastrophe of substantial extent causing significant physical damage or destruction, loss of life or sometimes permanent…
  • potentially /pəˈtɛnʃ(ə)li/ (advérbio) — potencialmente. In a manner showing much potential; with the possibility of happening in a given way.
  • monitor /ˈmɑ.nɪ.tɚ/ (substantivo) — monitor, observador. Someone who watches over something; a person in charge of something or someone.

Phrasal verbs que você vai ouvir

  • look at (verbo) — observar, ver. To observe or watch.
  • call for (verbo) — chamar. To shout out in order to summon (a person).
  • take over (verbo) — tomar posse de, apoderar-se de. To assume control of something, such as a business or enterprise, and sometimes by force.

Pronúncia para ficar de olho

O falante usa 10 contrações e formas reduzidas, como I'm, we'll, can't. Diga-as na forma curta, do jeito que você ouve.

  • Os sons de “th”: withdrawal /wɪðˈdɹɔ(ə)l/, breakthrough /ˈbɹeɪk.θɹuː/, lengthen /ˈlɛŋθən/, teethe /tiːð/, unethical /ʌnˈɛθɪkəl/
  • Os sons de “sh” e “zh”: implication /ˌɪmpləˈkeɪʃən/, fiction /ˈfɪkʃən/, potentially /pəˈtɛnʃ(ə)li/, innovation /ˌɪn.əˈveɪ.ʃən/, destination /dɛstɪˈneɪʃən/
  • Palavras longas — acerte a sílaba tônica: implication /ˌɪmpləˈkeɪʃən/, capability /ˌkeɪ.pəˈbɪl.ɪ.ti/, temporary /ˈtɛmp(əˌɹ)ɛɹi/, ordinary /ˈɔɹdɪnɛɹi/, potentially /pəˈtɛnʃ(ə)li/

Como praticar com este vídeo

  1. Ouça o vídeo inteiro uma vez sem falar e anote as palavras que você não conhece.
  2. Faça shadowing frase por frase na velocidade normal, repetindo cada uma até o seu ritmo ficar igual ao do falante.
  3. Grave a sua voz e compare com o original, prestando atenção a palavras como atom, hungry, scientist.

Gramática neste vídeo

As estruturas que o falante mais usa, com as palavras exatas do vídeo:

EstruturaNo vídeo
Voz passiva be + particípio passado — o foco está no que acontece, não em quem fazbe treated · be taken · could be programmed
Present perfect have/has + particípio passado — uma ação passada que ainda importa agorahave raised · have called

O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?

Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.

Técnica de shadowing: leia o guia completo passo a passo →