Prática de Shadowing: Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) With Answers | IELTS LISTENING SECTION-4 - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo

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Section 4 You will hear part of a lecture about a chemical substance called monosodium glutamate.
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First, you have some time to look at questions 31 to 40.
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Thank you.
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Now listen carefully and answer questions 31 to 40.
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In today's lecture, I'm going to talk about monosodium glutamate, or MSG as it's more commonly known.
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Now, MSG, as you probably know, is a flavor enhancer which is used particularly in Chinese and Japanese cooking.
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Today, I am going to explore why it is so popular in these cuisines,
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and more importantly, How does it enhance the flavor of food?
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The main reason why MSG is more commonly used in Japanese meals is tradition.
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For many thousands of years, the Japanese have incorporated a type of seaweed known as kombu in their cooking,
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as they discovered it had the ability to make food taste better.
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But it wasn't until 1908 that the ingredient in kombu, which was responsible for the improvement in flavor,
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was actually discovered to be glutamate by scientists working there.
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From 1908 until 1956, glutamate was produced commercially in Japan by a very slow and expensive means of extraction.
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It was in 1956 that the speed of the process was improved
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and industrial production increased dramatically and still continues to increase to this day.
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In fact, hundreds of thousands of tons of MSG are produced all over the world today.
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So what exactly is MSG?
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Well, monosodium glutamate contains 78.2% glutamate,
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12.2% sodium, and 9.6% water.
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Glutamate is an amino acid that can be found naturally in all protein-containing foods,
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including food such as meat and cheese.
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It is widely known that Chinese and Japanese food contains MSG,
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but many people don't seem to be aware that it is also used in foods in other parts of the world.
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For example, it is found in commercially made Italian pizzas, in American fast food, and in Britain,
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MSG is used in things like potato crisps.
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So how exactly does MSG work?
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Well, in the Western world, we commonly talk of four tastes, and I'm sure you're all familiar with the concepts of sweet,
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sour, bitter, and salt.
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Well, in 1908, Kikunae Ikeda identified a fifth taste,
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and it is thought that MSG intensifies this naturally occurring taste in some food.
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It does make perfect evolutionary sense that we should have the ability to detect
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or taste glutamate because it is the amino acid which is most common in natural foods.
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John Prescott, an associate professor at the University of Chicago, suggests that this fifth taste serves a purpose just as the other tastes do.
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He suggests that it signals to us the presence of protein in food,
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in the same way that sweetness indicates that a food contains energy-giving carbohydrates.
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Bitterness, he says, alerts us to toxins in the food, while sourness warns us of spoilage,
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and saltiness signals the presence of minerals.
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So, what else do we know about this fifth tape?
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Thank you.

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Por que praticar fala com esse vídeo?

Se você quer melhorar a pronúncia em inglês e se sentir mais confiante em conversas, esse vídeo sobre monossódio de glutamato (MSG) é perfeito! Ele traz uma aula expositiva, com linguagem clara e estrutura organizada, ideal para o método shadow speak (imitar a fala em tempo real). Ao repetir frases como "flavor enhancer" ou "amino acid", você treina a fluência, a entonação e a compreensão auditiva ao mesmo tempo. É um jeito rápido de ver progresso: cada repetição ajuda a internalizar padrões de fala naturais, essenciais para se comunicar bem em inglês.

Gramática e expressões no contexto

O vídeo é cheio de estruturas úteis para a sua fala. Veja três exemplos:

  • "It wasn't until 1908 that...": Essa estrutura é usada para enfatizar um momento específico no tempo. Pratique: "It wasn't until I studied that I understood the topic."
  • "...which is used particularly in...": O pronome relativo "which" conecta informações extras. Use-a para descrever objetos: "The book, which is on the table, is mine."
  • "He suggests that it signals to us...": O verbo "suggest" seguido de "that" é comum em explicações. Treine: "She suggests that we start early."

Essas frases são frequentes em aulas, reuniões e conversas formais — dominá-las vai te deixar mais fluente!

Armadilhas de pronúncia comuns

Algumas palavras no vídeo podem ser difíceis de pronunciar. Veja como evitar erros:

  • "Monosodium glutamate": A pronúncia correta é /ˌmɒnəʊˈsəʊdiəm ˈɡluːtəmeɪt/. Preste atenção ao "glu" (não "gru") e ao "mate" (não "mat"). Use o shadowspeak para imitar o ritmo.
  • "Kombu": Essa palavra japonesa é pronunciada /ˈkɒmbuː/. Não acente a última sílaba; deixe-a suave.
  • "Toxins": A sílaba tônica é a primeira: /ˈtɒksɪnz/. Evite dizer "toxíns" (com acento na segunda sílaba).

Com o shadow speech, você treina essas palavras até que a pronúncia fique natural. Lembre: a chave é repetir, repetir e repetir!

Gramática neste vídeo

As estruturas que o falante mais usa, com as palavras exatas do vídeo:

EstruturaNo vídeo
Voz passiva be + particípio passado — o foco está no que acontece, não em quem fazwas actually discovered · was produced · was improved
Orações relativas who / which + oração — informação extra sobre uma pessoa ou coisaenhancer which is · kombu, which was · acid which is

O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?

Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.

Técnica de shadowing: leia o guia completo passo a passo →