跟读练习: Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) With Answers | IELTS LISTENING SECTION-4 - 通过视频学习英语口语

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Section 4 You will hear part of a lecture about a chemical substance called monosodium glutamate.

First, you have some time to look at questions 31 to 40.

Thank you.

Now listen carefully and answer questions 31 to 40.

In today's lecture, I'm going to talk about monosodium glutamate, or MSG as it's more commonly known.

Now, MSG, as you probably know, is a flavor enhancer which is used particularly in Chinese and Japanese cooking.

Today, I am going to explore why it is so popular in these cuisines,

and more importantly, How does it enhance the flavor of food?

The main reason why MSG is more commonly used in Japanese meals is tradition.

For many thousands of years, the Japanese have incorporated a type of seaweed known as kombu in their cooking,

as they discovered it had the ability to make food taste better.

But it wasn't until 1908 that the ingredient in kombu, which was responsible for the improvement in flavor,

was actually discovered to be glutamate by scientists working there.

From 1908 until 1956, glutamate was produced commercially in Japan by a very slow and expensive means of extraction.

It was in 1956 that the speed of the process was improved

and industrial production increased dramatically and still continues to increase to this day.

In fact, hundreds of thousands of tons of MSG are produced all over the world today.

So what exactly is MSG?

Well, monosodium glutamate contains 78.2% glutamate,

12.2% sodium, and 9.6% water.

Glutamate is an amino acid that can be found naturally in all protein-containing foods,

including food such as meat and cheese.

It is widely known that Chinese and Japanese food contains MSG,

but many people don't seem to be aware that it is also used in foods in other parts of the world.

For example, it is found in commercially made Italian pizzas, in American fast food, and in Britain,

MSG is used in things like potato crisps.

So how exactly does MSG work?

Well, in the Western world, we commonly talk of four tastes, and I'm sure you're all familiar with the concepts of sweet,

sour, bitter, and salt.

Well, in 1908, Kikunae Ikeda identified a fifth taste,

and it is thought that MSG intensifies this naturally occurring taste in some food.

It does make perfect evolutionary sense that we should have the ability to detect

or taste glutamate because it is the amino acid which is most common in natural foods.

John Prescott, an associate professor at the University of Chicago, suggests that this fifth taste serves a purpose just as the other tastes do.

He suggests that it signals to us the presence of protein in food,

in the same way that sweetness indicates that a food contains energy-giving carbohydrates.

Bitterness, he says, alerts us to toxins in the food, while sourness warns us of spoilage,

and saltiness signals the presence of minerals.

So, what else do we know about this fifth tape?

Thank you.

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这个视频适合谁？

该视频适合备考雅思听力、希望提升英语听力理解与口语表达的中高级学习者。其内容围绕“味精”这一主题展开，涉及科学知识与文化背景，既能锻炼听力抓取细节的能力，也为英语影子跟读提供了语速适中、逻辑清晰的素材，适合通过shadow speech练习提升语言流畅度。

值得积累的词汇与表达

flavor enhancer：增味剂，指提升食物味道的物质。
evolutionary sense：进化意义，用于解释生物特性的形成原因。
signals to us：向我们发出信号，可替换“tell us”增强表达准确性。
intensifies：增强、加剧，比“strengthen”更贴合味道层面的描述。

如何练好发音？

视频中讲师的发音清晰，重音与节奏富有规律性，是练习英语影子跟读的优质素材。首先，关注元音的饱满度，如“glutamate”中的/uː/音，需拉长发音以体现英式发音特点。其次，注意连读与弱读，比如“monosodium glutamate”中“monosodium”与“glutamate”的自然连读，可通过shadow speak反复模仿，提升口语流畅度。

练习时，可采用“逐句跟读”法：播放一句后暂停，立即重复，重点捕捉讲师的语调变化（如“fifth taste”处的升调）。坚持使用shadowspeaks方法，不仅能提高英语发音，还能培养对学术类文本的语感。此外，录制自己的跟读音频并与原音对比，可快速发现发音差距，针对性改进。

通过此类素材练习shadow speech，既能积累专业词汇，又能掌握学术英语的表达逻辑，对提升听力与口语能力均有显著效果。

视频中的语法

说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：

结构	视频中的用法
被动语态 be + 过去分词 — 强调发生了什么，而不是谁做的	was actually discovered · was produced · was improved
定语从句 who / which + 从句 — 补充说明人或事物	enhancer which is · kombu, which was · acid which is

什么是跟读法？

跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。

影子跟读法: 阅读完整分步指南 →

跟读练习: Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) With Answers | IELTS LISTENING SECTION-4 - 通过视频学习英语口语

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这个视频适合谁？

值得积累的词汇与表达

如何练好发音？

视频中的语法

什么是跟读法？