シャドーイング練習: Nanotechnology: technology on a small scale | IELTS LISTENING TEST | SECTION-4 - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ

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You will hear a woman talking to a group of first year science undergraduates about the developing science of nanotechnology.
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First, you have some time to look at questions 31 to 40.
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Now listen carefully and answer questions 31 to 40.
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Today we're going to look at an important area of science, namely nanotechnology. So, what is it?
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Nano means tiny, so it's science and engineering on the scale of atoms and molecules.
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The idea is that by controlling and rearranging atoms, you can literally create anything.
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However, as we'll see, the science of the small has some big implications, affecting us in many ways.
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There's no doubt that nanotechnology promises so much for civilization.
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However, all new technologies have their teething problems.
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and with nanotechnology, society often gets the wrong idea about its capabilities.
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Numerous science fiction books and movies have raised people's fears about nanotechnology.
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With scenarios such as inserting little nanorobots into your body that monitor everything you do without you realising it.
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or self -replicating nano robots that eventually take over the world.
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So how do we safeguard such a potentially powerful technology?
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Some scientists recommend that nanoparticles be treated as new chemicals, with separate safety tests and clear labelling.
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They believe that greater care should also be taken with nanoparticles in laboratories and factories.
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Others have called for a withdrawal of new nanoproducts, such as cosmetics, and a temporary halt to many kinds of nanotech research.
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But as far as I'm concerned, there's a need to plough ahead with the discoveries and applications of nanotechnology.
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I really believe that most scientists would welcome a way to guard against unethical uses of such technology.
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We can't go around thinking that all innovation is bad.
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All advancement is bad.
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As with a debate about any new technology, It is how you use it that's important.
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So, let's look at some of its possible uses.
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Thanks to nanotechnology, there could be a major breakthrough in the field of transportation, with the production of more durable metals.
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These could be virtually unbreakable, lighter and much more pliable, leading to planes that are 50 times lighter than at present.
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Those same improved capabilities will dramatically reduce the cost of travelling into space.
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making it more accessible to ordinary people and opening up a totally new holiday destination.
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In terms of technology, the computer industry will be able to shrink computer parts down to minute sizes.
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We need nanotechnology in order to create a new generation of computers
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that will work even faster and will have a million times more memory, but will be about the size of a sugar cube.
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Nanotechnology could also revolutionise the way that we generate power.
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The cost of solar cells will be drastically reduced, so harnessing this energy will be far more economical than at present.
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But nanotechnology has much wider applications than this and could have an enormous impact on our environment.
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For instance, tiny airborne nanorobots could be programmed to actually rebuild the ozone layer,
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which could lessen the impact of global warming on our planet.
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That's a pretty amazing thought, isn't it?
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On a more local scale,
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this new technology could help with the clean -up of environmental disasters as nanotechnology will allow us to remove oil
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and other contaminants from the water far more effectively.
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and if nanotechnology progresses as expected as a sort of building block set of about 90 atoms
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then you could build anything you wanted from the bottom up In terms of production, this means that you only use what you need.
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And so there wouldn't be any waste.
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The notion that you could create anything at all has major implications for our health.
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It means that we'll eventually be able to replicate anything.
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This would have a phenomenal effect on our society.
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In time, it could even lead to the eradication of famine through the introduction of machines
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that produce food to feed the hungry.
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But it's in the area of medicine that nanotechnology may have its biggest impact.
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How we detect disease will change as tiny biosensors are developed to analyze tests in minutes rather than days.
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There's even speculation nanorobots could be used to slow the aging process, lengthening life expectancy.
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As you can see, I'm very excited by the implications that could be available to us in the next few decades.
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Just how long it'll take, I honestly don't know.
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That is the end of Section 4.
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You now have half a minute to check your answers.
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Thank you.

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このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント

この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が55文、単語が749語あります。 音声の長さは6:52です。 話す速さはゆっくりで、1分あたり約109語です。一つ一つの音をまねる余裕があります。 単語の82%は英語の頻出3,000語に含まれます。残りは練習の前に確認しておきましょう。

この動画の重要語彙

動画に出てくるやや難しい単語15語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。

  • atom /ˈætəm/ (名詞) — 原子, アトム. The smallest possible amount of matter which still retains its identity as a chemical element, now known to consist of a nucleus surrounded by electrons.
  • hungry /ˈhʌŋ.ɡɹi/ (形容詞) — 空腹な, 飢えた. Affected by hunger; having the physical need for food.
  • scientist /ˈsaɪəntəst/ (名詞) — 科学者. One whose activities make use of the scientific method to answer questions regarding the measurable universe. A scientist may be involved in original research…
  • capability /ˌkeɪ.pəˈbɪl.ɪ.ti/ (名詞) — 能力. The power or ability to generate an outcome.
  • temporary /ˈtɛmp(əˌɹ)ɛɹi/ (形容詞) — 暫くの, 暫時の. Not permanent; existing only for a period or periods of time.
  • carefully /ˈkɛɹf(ə)li/ (副詞) — じっくり, 慎重に. With care; attentively, circumspectly.
  • discovery /dɪˈskʌv.ɹi/ (名詞) — 発見. Something discovered.
  • fiction /ˈfɪkʃən/ (名詞) — フィクション, 小説. Literary type using invented or imaginative writing, instead of real facts, usually written as prose.
  • label /ˈleɪ.bəl/ (名詞) — 荷札, 貼り札. A small ticket or sign giving information about something to which it is attached or intended to be attached.
  • ordinary /ˈɔɹdɪnɛɹi/ (形容詞) — 通常な, 普通な. Having regular jurisdiction; now only used in certain phrases.
  • layer /ˈleɪ̯ɚ/ (名詞) — 層, 膜. A single thickness of some material covering a surface.
  • disaster /dɪˈzɑːs.təː/ (名詞) — 災害, 天災. An unexpected natural or man-made catastrophe of substantial extent causing significant physical damage or destruction, loss of life or sometimes permanent…
  • monitor /ˈmɑ.nɪ.tɚ/ (名詞) — モニター. Someone who watches over something; a person in charge of something or someone.
  • innovation /ˌɪn.əˈveɪ.ʃən/ (名詞) — イノベーション, 革新. The act of innovating; the introduction of something new, in customs, rites, etc.
  • laboratory /ˈlæb(ə)ɹəˌtɔɹi/ (名詞) — 研究室, 実験室. A room, building or institution equipped for scientific research, experimentation or analysis.

動画に出てくる句動詞

  • take over (動詞) — 引き受ける. To assume control of something, such as a business or enterprise, and sometimes by force.

注意したい発音

話し手はI'm, we'll, can'tなど、短縮形や弱形を10回使っています。聞こえたとおりの短い形で発音しましょう。

  • 「th」の音: withdrawal /wɪðˈdɹɔ(ə)l/, breakthrough /ˈbɹeɪk.θɹuː/, lengthen /ˈlɛŋθən/, teethe /tiːð/, unethical /ʌnˈɛθɪkəl/
  • 「sh」と「zh」の音: implication /ˌɪmpləˈkeɪʃən/, fiction /ˈfɪkʃən/, potentially /pəˈtɛnʃ(ə)li/, innovation /ˌɪn.əˈveɪ.ʃən/, destination /dɛstɪˈneɪʃən/
  • 長い単語（アクセントの位置に注意）: implication /ˌɪmpləˈkeɪʃən/, capability /ˌkeɪ.pəˈbɪl.ɪ.ti/, temporary /ˈtɛmp(əˌɹ)ɛɹi/, ordinary /ˈɔɹdɪnɛɹi/, potentially /pəˈtɛnʃ(ə)li/

この動画での練習方法

  1. まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
  2. 通常の速度で一文ずつシャドーイングし、話し手のリズムに合うまで繰り返します。
  3. 自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。atom, hungry, scientistなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。

この動画の文法

話し手がよく使っている文型を、動画の実際の表現とともに紹介します。

文型動画での表現
受動態 be + 過去分詞 — 誰がするかより、何が起きるかに焦点を当てるbe treated · be taken · could be programmed
現在完了形 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去の出来事が今も関係しているhave raised · have called

シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由

シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。

シャドーイングのやり方: ステップ別の完全ガイドを読む →