تدريب Shadowing: Nanotechnology: technology on a small scale | IELTS LISTENING TEST | SECTION-4 - تعلم التحدث بالإنجليزية عبر الفيديو

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55 جمل
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You will hear a woman talking to a group of first year science undergraduates about the developing science of nanotechnology.
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First, you have some time to look at questions 31 to 40.
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Now listen carefully and answer questions 31 to 40.
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Today we're going to look at an important area of science, namely nanotechnology. So, what is it?
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Nano means tiny, so it's science and engineering on the scale of atoms and molecules.
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The idea is that by controlling and rearranging atoms, you can literally create anything.
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However, as we'll see, the science of the small has some big implications, affecting us in many ways.
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There's no doubt that nanotechnology promises so much for civilization.
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However, all new technologies have their teething problems.
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and with nanotechnology, society often gets the wrong idea about its capabilities.
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Numerous science fiction books and movies have raised people's fears about nanotechnology.
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With scenarios such as inserting little nanorobots into your body that monitor everything you do without you realising it.
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or self -replicating nano robots that eventually take over the world.
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So how do we safeguard such a potentially powerful technology?
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Some scientists recommend that nanoparticles be treated as new chemicals, with separate safety tests and clear labelling.
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They believe that greater care should also be taken with nanoparticles in laboratories and factories.
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Others have called for a withdrawal of new nanoproducts, such as cosmetics, and a temporary halt to many kinds of nanotech research.
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But as far as I'm concerned, there's a need to plough ahead with the discoveries and applications of nanotechnology.
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I really believe that most scientists would welcome a way to guard against unethical uses of such technology.
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We can't go around thinking that all innovation is bad.
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All advancement is bad.
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As with a debate about any new technology, It is how you use it that's important.
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So, let's look at some of its possible uses.
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Thanks to nanotechnology, there could be a major breakthrough in the field of transportation, with the production of more durable metals.
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These could be virtually unbreakable, lighter and much more pliable, leading to planes that are 50 times lighter than at present.
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Those same improved capabilities will dramatically reduce the cost of travelling into space.
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making it more accessible to ordinary people and opening up a totally new holiday destination.
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In terms of technology, the computer industry will be able to shrink computer parts down to minute sizes.
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We need nanotechnology in order to create a new generation of computers
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that will work even faster and will have a million times more memory, but will be about the size of a sugar cube.
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Nanotechnology could also revolutionise the way that we generate power.
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The cost of solar cells will be drastically reduced, so harnessing this energy will be far more economical than at present.
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But nanotechnology has much wider applications than this and could have an enormous impact on our environment.
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For instance, tiny airborne nanorobots could be programmed to actually rebuild the ozone layer,
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which could lessen the impact of global warming on our planet.
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That's a pretty amazing thought, isn't it?
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On a more local scale,
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this new technology could help with the clean -up of environmental disasters as nanotechnology will allow us to remove oil
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and other contaminants from the water far more effectively.
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and if nanotechnology progresses as expected as a sort of building block set of about 90 atoms
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then you could build anything you wanted from the bottom up In terms of production, this means that you only use what you need.
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And so there wouldn't be any waste.
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The notion that you could create anything at all has major implications for our health.
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It means that we'll eventually be able to replicate anything.
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This would have a phenomenal effect on our society.
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In time, it could even lead to the eradication of famine through the introduction of machines
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that produce food to feed the hungry.
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But it's in the area of medicine that nanotechnology may have its biggest impact.
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How we detect disease will change as tiny biosensors are developed to analyze tests in minutes rather than days.
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There's even speculation nanorobots could be used to slow the aging process, lengthening life expectancy.
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As you can see, I'm very excited by the implications that could be available to us in the next few decades.
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Just how long it'll take, I honestly don't know.
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That is the end of Section 4.
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You now have half a minute to check your answers.
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Thank you.

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المفردات وملاحظات التحدث لهذا الدرس

يحتوي هذا الفيديو على 55 جملة و749 كلمة للتدرب على الترديد. مدة الكلام 6:52. يتكلم المتحدث ببطء، بمعدل 109 كلمة في الدقيقة تقريبًا، فيكون لديك وقت لتقليد كل صوت. 82% من الكلمات ضمن أكثر 3,000 كلمة شيوعًا في الإنجليزية، ويُستحسن مراجعة الباقي قبل البدء.

أهم المفردات في هذا الفيديو

15 كلمة أقل شيوعًا من الفيديو، مع النطق والمعنى:

  • atom /ˈætəm/ (اسم) — ذَرَّة. The smallest possible amount of matter which still retains its identity as a chemical element, now known to consist of a nucleus surrounded by electrons.
  • hungry /ˈhʌŋ.ɡɹi/ (صفة) — جَائِع, جَوْعَان. Affected by hunger; having the physical need for food.
  • scientist /ˈsaɪəntəst/ (اسم) — عَالِم, عَالِمَة. One whose activities make use of the scientific method to answer questions regarding the measurable universe. A scientist may be involved in original research…
  • temporary /ˈtɛmp(əˌɹ)ɛɹi/ (صفة) — مُؤَقَّت. Not permanent; existing only for a period or periods of time.
  • carefully /ˈkɛɹf(ə)li/ (ظرف) — بِعِنَايَة. With care; attentively, circumspectly.
  • discovery /dɪˈskʌv.ɹi/ (اسم) — اِكْتِشَاف. Something discovered.
  • fiction /ˈfɪkʃən/ (اسم) — خَيَال, رِوَايَة. Literary type using invented or imaginative writing, instead of real facts, usually written as prose.
  • label /ˈleɪ.bəl/ (اسم) — مُلْصَق, بِطَاقَة. A small ticket or sign giving information about something to which it is attached or intended to be attached.
  • ordinary /ˈɔɹdɪnɛɹi/ (صفة) — عَادِيّ, مَأْلُوف. Having regular jurisdiction; now only used in certain phrases.
  • layer /ˈleɪ̯ɚ/ (اسم) — طَبَقَة. A single thickness of some material covering a surface.
  • disaster /dɪˈzɑːs.təː/ (اسم) — كَارِثَة, مُصِيبَة. An unexpected natural or man-made catastrophe of substantial extent causing significant physical damage or destruction, loss of life or sometimes permanent…
  • monitor /ˈmɑ.nɪ.tɚ/ (اسم) — مُرَاقِب, مُرَاقِبَة. Someone who watches over something; a person in charge of something or someone.
  • innovation /ˌɪn.əˈveɪ.ʃən/ (اسم) — اِبْتِكَار. The act of innovating; the introduction of something new, in customs, rites, etc.
  • laboratory /ˈlæb(ə)ɹəˌtɔɹi/ (اسم) — مَعْمَل, مُخْتَبَر. A room, building or institution equipped for scientific research, experimentation or analysis.
  • enormous /ɪˈnɔː.məs/ (صفة) — ضَخْم, هَائِل. Extremely large; greatly exceeding the common size, extent, etc.

الأفعال المركبة التي ستسمعها

  • look at (فعل) — نَظَرَ. To observe or watch.
  • call for (فعل) — دَعَا إِلَى. To shout out in order to summon (a person).

نطق يحتاج إلى انتباه

يستخدم المتحدث 10 من الصيغ المختصرة، مثل I'm, we'll, can't. انطقها بصيغتها القصيرة كما تسمعها.

  • أصوات “th”: withdrawal /wɪðˈdɹɔ(ə)l/, breakthrough /ˈbɹeɪk.θɹuː/, lengthen /ˈlɛŋθən/, teethe /tiːð/, unethical /ʌnˈɛθɪkəl/
  • أصوات “sh” و“zh”: implication /ˌɪmpləˈkeɪʃən/, fiction /ˈfɪkʃən/, potentially /pəˈtɛnʃ(ə)li/, innovation /ˌɪn.əˈveɪ.ʃən/, destination /dɛstɪˈneɪʃən/
  • الكلمات الطويلة — انتبه لموضع النبر: implication /ˌɪmpləˈkeɪʃən/, capability /ˌkeɪ.pəˈbɪl.ɪ.ti/, temporary /ˈtɛmp(əˌɹ)ɛɹi/, ordinary /ˈɔɹdɪnɛɹi/, potentially /pəˈtɛnʃ(ə)li/

كيف تتدرب بهذا الفيديو

  1. استمع إلى الفيديو كاملًا مرة واحدة دون أن تتكلم، ودوّن الكلمات التي لا تعرفها.
  2. ردّد جملة جملة بالسرعة العادية، وكرّر كل جملة حتى يتطابق إيقاعك مع المتحدث.
  3. سجّل صوتك وقارنه بالأصل، مع الانتباه إلى كلمات مثل atom, hungry, scientist.

القواعد في هذا الفيديو

أكثر التراكيب التي يستخدمها المتحدث، مع العبارات نفسها من الفيديو:

التركيبفي الفيديو
المبني للمجهول be + اسم المفعول — التركيز على ما يحدث لا على من يفعلهbe treated · be taken · could be programmed
المضارع التام have/has + اسم المفعول — حدث ماضٍ ما زال له أثر الآنhave raised · have called

ما هي تقنية التظليل الصوتي؟

التظليل الصوتي (Shadowing) تقنية تعلم لغة مدعومة علمياً، طُورت أصلاً لتدريب المترجمين الفوريين المحترفين. الطريقة بسيطة لكنها قوية: تستمع لصوت إنجليزي أصلي وتكرره فوراً بصوت عالٍ — كظل يتبع المتحدث بتأخير 1-2 ثانية. تُظهر الأبحاث تحسناً كبيراً في دقة النطق والتنغيم والإيقاع وربط الأصوات والاستماع والطلاقة.

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