Практика Shadowing: Nanotechnology: technology on a small scale | IELTS LISTENING TEST | SECTION-4 - Изучайте разговорный английский по видео
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55 предложений
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1
You will hear a woman talking to a group of first year science undergraduates about the developing science of nanotechnology.
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First, you have some time to look at questions 31 to 40.
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Now listen carefully and answer questions 31 to 40.
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Today we're going to look at an important area of science, namely nanotechnology. So, what is it?
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Nano means tiny, so it's science and engineering on the scale of atoms and molecules.
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The idea is that by controlling and rearranging atoms, you can literally create anything.
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However, as we'll see, the science of the small has some big implications, affecting us in many ways.
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There's no doubt that nanotechnology promises so much for civilization.
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However, all new technologies have their teething problems.
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and with nanotechnology, society often gets the wrong idea about its capabilities.
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Numerous science fiction books and movies have raised people's fears about nanotechnology.
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With scenarios such as inserting little nanorobots into your body that monitor everything you do without you realising it.
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or self -replicating nano robots that eventually take over the world.
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So how do we safeguard such a potentially powerful technology?
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Some scientists recommend that nanoparticles be treated as new chemicals, with separate safety tests and clear labelling.
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They believe that greater care should also be taken with nanoparticles in laboratories and factories.
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Others have called for a withdrawal of new nanoproducts, such as cosmetics, and a temporary halt to many kinds of nanotech research.
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But as far as I'm concerned, there's a need to plough ahead with the discoveries and applications of nanotechnology.
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I really believe that most scientists would welcome a way to guard against unethical uses of such technology.
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We can't go around thinking that all innovation is bad.
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All advancement is bad.
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As with a debate about any new technology, It is how you use it that's important.
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So, let's look at some of its possible uses.
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Thanks to nanotechnology, there could be a major breakthrough in the field of transportation, with the production of more durable metals.
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These could be virtually unbreakable, lighter and much more pliable, leading to planes that are 50 times lighter than at present.
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Those same improved capabilities will dramatically reduce the cost of travelling into space.
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making it more accessible to ordinary people and opening up a totally new holiday destination.
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In terms of technology, the computer industry will be able to shrink computer parts down to minute sizes.
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We need nanotechnology in order to create a new generation of computers
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that will work even faster and will have a million times more memory, but will be about the size of a sugar cube.
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Nanotechnology could also revolutionise the way that we generate power.
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The cost of solar cells will be drastically reduced, so harnessing this energy will be far more economical than at present.
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But nanotechnology has much wider applications than this and could have an enormous impact on our environment.
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For instance, tiny airborne nanorobots could be programmed to actually rebuild the ozone layer,
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which could lessen the impact of global warming on our planet.
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That's a pretty amazing thought, isn't it?
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On a more local scale,
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this new technology could help with the clean -up of environmental disasters as nanotechnology will allow us to remove oil
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and other contaminants from the water far more effectively.
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and if nanotechnology progresses as expected as a sort of building block set of about 90 atoms
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then you could build anything you wanted from the bottom up In terms of production, this means that you only use what you need.
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And so there wouldn't be any waste.
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The notion that you could create anything at all has major implications for our health.
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It means that we'll eventually be able to replicate anything.
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This would have a phenomenal effect on our society.
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In time, it could even lead to the eradication of famine through the introduction of machines
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that produce food to feed the hungry.
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But it's in the area of medicine that nanotechnology may have its biggest impact.
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How we detect disease will change as tiny biosensors are developed to analyze tests in minutes rather than days.
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There's even speculation nanorobots could be used to slow the aging process, lengthening life expectancy.
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As you can see, I'm very excited by the implications that could be available to us in the next few decades.
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Just how long it'll take, I honestly don't know.
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That is the end of Section 4.
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You now have half a minute to check your answers.
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Thank you.
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Лексика и советы по произношению к этому уроку
В этом видео 55 предложений и 749 слов для шедоуинга. Речь длится 6:52. Говорящий говорит медленно, около 109 слов в минуту, поэтому есть время повторить каждый звук. 82% слов входят в 3000 самых частых слов английского языка; остальные стоит разобрать перед занятием.
Ключевая лексика этого видео
15 менее частых слов из видео с произношением и значением:
- atom /ˈætəm/ (существительное) — а́том. The smallest possible amount of matter which still retains its identity as a chemical element, now known to consist of a nucleus surrounded by electrons.
- hungry /ˈhʌŋ.ɡɹi/ (прилагательное) — голо́дный. Affected by hunger; having the physical need for food.
- scientist /ˈsaɪəntəst/ (существительное) — учёный, учёная. One whose activities make use of the scientific method to answer questions regarding the measurable universe. A scientist may be involved in original research…
- capability /ˌkeɪ.pəˈbɪl.ɪ.ti/ (существительное) — спосо́бность. The power or ability to generate an outcome.
- temporary /ˈtɛmp(əˌɹ)ɛɹi/ (прилагательное) — вре́менный. Not permanent; existing only for a period or periods of time.
- carefully /ˈkɛɹf(ə)li/ (наречие) — осторо́жно, аккура́тно. With care; attentively, circumspectly.
- discovery /dɪˈskʌv.ɹi/ (существительное) — откры́тие. Something discovered.
- fiction /ˈfɪkʃən/ (существительное) — худо́жественная литерату́ра, беллетри́стика. Literary type using invented or imaginative writing, instead of real facts, usually written as prose.
- label /ˈleɪ.bəl/ (существительное) — ярлы́к, этике́тка. A small ticket or sign giving information about something to which it is attached or intended to be attached.
- ordinary /ˈɔɹdɪnɛɹi/ (прилагательное) — обыкнове́нный, обы́чный. Having regular jurisdiction; now only used in certain phrases.
- layer /ˈleɪ̯ɚ/ (существительное) — слой, пласт. A single thickness of some material covering a surface.
- disaster /dɪˈzɑːs.təː/ (существительное) — бе́дствие, катастро́фа. An unexpected natural or man-made catastrophe of substantial extent causing significant physical damage or destruction, loss of life or sometimes permanent…
- monitor /ˈmɑ.nɪ.tɚ/ (существительное) — наста́вник, наста́вница. Someone who watches over something; a person in charge of something or someone.
- innovation /ˌɪn.əˈveɪ.ʃən/ (существительное) — нова́торство, иннова́ция. The act of innovating; the introduction of something new, in customs, rites, etc.
- laboratory /ˈlæb(ə)ɹəˌtɔɹi/ (существительное) — лаборато́рия. A room, building or institution equipped for scientific research, experimentation or analysis.
Фразовые глаголы, которые вы услышите
- take over (глагол) — брать на себя́, взять на себя́. To assume control of something, such as a business or enterprise, and sometimes by force.
Произношение, на которое стоит обратить внимание
Говорящий использует 10 сокращённых и редуцированных форм, например I'm, we'll, can't. Произносите их коротко, так, как слышите.
- Звуки «th»: withdrawal /wɪðˈdɹɔ(ə)l/, breakthrough /ˈbɹeɪk.θɹuː/, lengthen /ˈlɛŋθən/, teethe /tiːð/, unethical /ʌnˈɛθɪkəl/
- Звуки «sh» и «zh»: implication /ˌɪmpləˈkeɪʃən/, fiction /ˈfɪkʃən/, potentially /pəˈtɛnʃ(ə)li/, innovation /ˌɪn.əˈveɪ.ʃən/, destination /dɛstɪˈneɪʃən/
- Длинные слова — следите за ударением: implication /ˌɪmpləˈkeɪʃən/, capability /ˌkeɪ.pəˈbɪl.ɪ.ti/, temporary /ˈtɛmp(əˌɹ)ɛɹi/, ordinary /ˈɔɹdɪnɛɹi/, potentially /pəˈtɛnʃ(ə)li/
Как заниматься с этим видео
- Прослушайте всё видео один раз молча и выпишите незнакомые слова.
- Повторяйте предложение за предложением на обычной скорости, пока ваш ритм не совпадёт с ритмом говорящего.
- Запишите себя и сравните с оригиналом, обращая внимание на такие слова, как atom, hungry, scientist.
Грамматика в этом видео
Конструкции, которые говорящий использует чаще всего, с точными словами из видео:
| Конструкция | В видео |
|---|---|
| Пассивный залог be + причастие прошедшего времени — важно, что происходит, а не кто это делает | be treated · be taken · could be programmed |
| Present Perfect have/has + причастие прошедшего времени — прошлое действие, важное сейчас | have raised · have called |
Что такое техника Shadowing?
Shadowing — это научно обоснованная техника изучения языка, изначально разработанная для подготовки профессиональных переводчиков и популяризированная полиглотом доктором Александром Аргуэльесом. Метод прост, но эффективен: вы слушаете аудио на английском от носителей языка и немедленно повторяете вслух — как тень, следующая за говорящим с задержкой в 1–2 секунды. В отличие от пассивного прослушивания или грамматических упражнений, Shadowing заставляет мозг и мышцы рта одновременно обрабатывать и воспроизводить реальные речевые паттерны. Исследования показывают, что это значительно улучшает точность произношения, интонацию, ритм, связную речь, понимание на слух и беглость речи — что делает его одним из самых эффективных методов для подготовки к IELTS Speaking и реального общения на английском.