쉐도잉 연습: Cambridge 10 Test 4 Section 4 Listening - 영상으로 영어 말하기 배우기
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Section 4.
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You will hear a woman talking to a group of first -year science undergraduates about the developing science of nanotechnology.
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First, you have some time to look at questions 31 to 40.
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Thank you. to 40.
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Today we're going to look at an important area of science, namely nanotechnology.
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So what is it?
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Nano means tiny, so it's science and engineering on the scale of atoms and molecules.
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The idea is that by controlling and rearranging atoms, you can literally create anything.
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However, as we'll see, the science of the small has some big implications, affecting us in many ways.
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There's no doubt that nanotechnology promises so much for civilization.
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However, all new technologies have their teething problems.
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And with nanotechnology, society often gets the wrong idea about its capabilities.
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Numerous science fiction books and movies have raised people's fears about nanotechnology,
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with scenarios such as inserting little nanorobots into your body that monitor everything you do without you realising it,
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or self -replicating nanorobots that eventually take over the world.
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So, how do we safeguard such a potentially powerful technology.
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Some scientists recommend that nanoparticles be treated as new chemicals with separate safety tests and clear labelling.
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They believe that greater care should also be taken with nanoparticles in laboratories and factories.
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Others have called for a withdrawal of new nanoproducts such as cosmetics and a temporary halt to many kinds of nanotech research.
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But as far as I'm concerned, there's a need to plough ahead with the discoveries and applications of nanotechnology.
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I really believe that most scientists would welcome a way to guard against unethical uses of such technology.
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We can't go around thinking that all innovation is bad, all advancement is bad.
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As with the debate about any new technology, it is how you use it that's important.
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So, let's look at some of its possible uses.
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Thanks to nanotechnology, there could be a major breakthrough in the field of transportation, with the production of more durable metals.
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These could be virtually unbreakable, lighter and much more pliable, leading to planes that are 50 times lighter than at present.
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Those same improved capabilities will dramatically reduce the cost of travelling into space,
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making it more accessible to ordinary people and opening up a totally new holiday destination.
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In terms of technology, the computer industry will be able to shrink computer parts down to minute sizes.
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We need nanotechnology in order to create a new generation of computers
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that will work even faster and will have a million times more memory, but will be about the size of a sugar cube.
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Nanotechnology could also revolutionise the way that we generate power.
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The cost of solar cells will be drastically reduced, so harnessing this energy will be far more economical than at present.
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But nanotechnology has much wider applications than this and could have an enormous impact on our environment.
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For instance, tiny airborne nanorobots could be programmed to actually rebuild the ozone layer,
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which could lessen the impact of global warming on our planet.
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That's a pretty amazing thought, isn't it?
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On a more local scale,
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this new technology could help with the clean -up of environmental disasters as nanotechnology will allow us to remove oil
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and other contaminants from the water far more effectively.
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And if nanotechnology progresses as expected, as a sort of building block set of about 90 atoms,
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then you could build anything you wanted from the bottom up.
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In terms of production, this means that you only use what you need and so there wouldn't be any waste
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The notion that you could create anything at all has major implications for our health
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It means that we'll eventually be able to replicate anything
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This would have a phenomenal effect on our society
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In time, it could even lead to the eradication of famine through the introduction of machines
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that produce food to feed the hungry.
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But it's in the area of medicine that nanotechnology may have its biggest impact.
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How we detect disease will change as tiny biosensors are developed to analyse tests in minutes rather than days.
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There's even speculation nanorobots could be used to slow the ageing process, lengthening life expectancy.
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As you can see, I'm very excited by the implications that could be available to us in the next few decades.
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Just how long it'll take, I honestly don't know.
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That is the end of Section 4.
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You now have half a minute to check your answers.
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Thank you.
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to transfer your answers to the answer sheet.
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이 레슨의 어휘와 말하기 포인트
이 말하기 레슨은 영상 “Cambridge 10 Test 4 Section 4 Listening”을(를) 바탕으로 합니다. 가장 자주 반복되는 단어는 다음과 같습니다: nanotechnology, science, technology, nanorobots, atoms. 이 영상에는 섀도잉할 문장 57개와 단어 753개가 있습니다. 말하는 구간의 길이는 7:23입니다. 화자는 분당 약 102단어로 천천히 말해서 소리 하나하나를 따라 하기에 여유가 있습니다. 단어의 82%가 영어에서 가장 많이 쓰이는 3,000단어에 속합니다. 나머지는 연습 전에 미리 확인해 두세요.
이 영상의 핵심 어휘
영상에 나오는 익혀 둘 만한 단어 15개를 발음, 뜻과 함께 정리했습니다.
| 단어 | 발음 | 뜻 |
|---|---|---|
| atom 명사 | /ˈætəm/ | 원자, 아톰 |
| hungry 형용사 | /ˈhʌŋ.ɡɹi/ | 배고프다, 굶주리다 |
| scientist 명사 | /ˈsaɪəntəst/ | 과학자 |
| temporary 형용사 | /ˈtɛmp(əˌɹ)ɛɹi/ | 일시적인 |
| discovery 명사 | /dɪˈskʌv.ɹi/ | 발견 |
| fiction 명사 | /ˈfɪkʃən/ | 소설, 픽션 |
| label 명사 | /ˈleɪ.bəl/ | 라벨, 레이블 |
| ordinary 형용사 | /ˈɔɹdɪnɛɹi/ | 정규의, 보통의 |
| layer 명사 | /ˈleɪ̯ɚ/ | 층 |
| sheet 명사 | /ʃit/ | 장, 시트 |
| disaster 명사 | /dɪˈzɑːs.təː/ | 재난, 재앙 |
| monitor 명사 | /ˈmɑ.nɪ.tɚ/ | 모니터 |
| innovation 명사 | /ˌɪn.əˈveɪ.ʃən/ | 혁신 |
| laboratory 명사 | /ˈlæb(ə)ɹəˌtɔɹi/ | 실험실, 랩 |
| enormous 형용사 | /ɪˈnɔː.məs/ | 거대하다 |
이 영상의 문법
화자가 가장 많이 쓰는 문형을 영상 속 실제 표현과 함께 정리했습니다.
| 문형 | 영상 속 표현 |
|---|---|
| 수동태 be + 과거분사 — 누가 하는지보다 무슨 일이 일어나는지에 초점 | be treated · be taken · could be programmed |
| 현재완료 have/has + 과거분사 — 과거의 일이 지금도 관련이 있을 때 | have raised · have called |
주의할 발음
화자는 I'm, we'll, can't 같은 축약형과 약화된 형태를 10번 사용합니다. 들리는 대로 짧게 발음하세요.
- “th” 소리: withdrawal /wɪðˈdɹɔ(ə)l/, breakthrough /ˈbɹeɪk.θɹuː/, lengthen /ˈlɛŋθən/, teethe /tiːð/, unethical /ʌnˈɛθɪkəl/
- “sh”와 “zh” 소리: implication /ˌɪmpləˈkeɪʃən/, fiction /ˈfɪkʃən/, sheet /ʃit/, potentially /pəˈtɛnʃ(ə)li/, innovation /ˌɪn.əˈveɪ.ʃən/
- 긴 단어 — 강세 위치에 주의: implication /ˌɪmpləˈkeɪʃən/, capability /ˌkeɪ.pəˈbɪl.ɪ.ti/, temporary /ˈtɛmp(əˌɹ)ɛɹi/, ordinary /ˈɔɹdɪnɛɹi/, potentially /pəˈtɛnʃ(ə)li/
한국어 화자가 어려워하는 소리:
- /f/ — ㅍ(/p/)으로 바꾸지 말고 윗니를 아랫입술에 대기: fiction /ˈfɪkʃən/, phenomenal /fɪˈnɒmɪnəl/, famine /ˈfæm.ɪn/, safeguard /ˈseɪfɡɑːd/
- /v/ — ㅂ(/b/)과 구별하기: discovery /dɪˈskʌv.ɹi/, innovation /ˌɪn.əˈveɪ.ʃən/, virtually /ˈvɚ.t͡ʃə.wə.li/, civilization /ˌsɪv.ɪ.laɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/, advancement /ædˈvæns.mənt/
- /z/ — ㅈ이 아니라 성대를 울리는 /s/: disaster /dɪˈzɑːs.təː/, civilization /ˌsɪv.ɪ.laɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/, cosmetics /kɒzˈmɛt.ɪks/, ozone /ˈoʊzoʊn/
이 영상으로 연습하는 방법
- 먼저 말하지 않고 영상을 끝까지 듣고 모르는 단어를 적어 둡니다.
- 보통 속도로 한 문장씩 섀도잉하고, 화자의 리듬과 맞을 때까지 반복합니다.
- 자신의 목소리를 녹음해 원본과 비교하고, atom, hungry, scientist 같은 단어에 특히 주의합니다.
쉐도잉이란? 영어 실력을 빠르게 키우는 과학적 방법
쉐도잉(Shadowing)은 원래 전문 통역사 훈련을 위해 개발된 언어 학습 기법으로, 다언어 학자인 Dr. Alexander Arguelles에 의해 대중화된 방법입니다. 핵심 원리는 간단하지만 매우 강력합니다: 원어민의 영어를 들으면서 1~2초의 짧은 지연으로 즉시 소리 내어 따라 말하는 것——마치 '그림자(shadow)'처럼 화자를 따라가는 것입니다. 문법 공부나 수동적인 청취와 달리, 쉐도잉은 뇌와 입 근육이 동시에 실시간으로 영어를 처리하고 재현하도록 훈련합니다. 연구에 따르면 이 방법은 발음 정확도, 억양, 리듬, 연음, 청취력, 말하기 유창성을 크게 향상시킵니다. IELTS 스피킹 준비와 자연스러운 영어 소통을 원하는 분들에게 특히 효과적입니다.