쉐도잉 연습: Cambridge 15 Test 1 Section 4 Listening - 영상으로 영어 말하기 배우기

레슨 만드는 중...
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Part 4.
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You will hear a student giving a presentation about a type of tree known as the eucalyptus, which is common in Australia.
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First, you have some time to look at questions 31 to 40.
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Thank you.
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Now listen carefully and answer questions 31 to 40.
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Today, I'm going to talk about the eucalyptus tree.
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This is a very common tree here in Australia, where it's also sometimes called the gum tree.
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First, I'm going to talk about why it's important, then I'm going to describe some problems it faces at present.
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Right, well, the eucalyptus tree is an important tree for lots of reasons.
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For example, it gives shelter to creatures like birds and bats,
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and these and other species also depend on it for food,
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particularly the nectar from its flowers. So it supports biodiversity.
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It's useful to us humans too because we can kill germs with a disinfectant made from oil extracted from eucalyptus leaves.
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The eucalyptus grows all over Australia and the trees can live for up to 400 years.
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So it's alarming that all across the country numbers of eucalyptus are falling because the trees are dying off prematurely.
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So what are the reasons for this?
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One possible reason is disease.
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As far back as the 1970s, the trees started getting a disease called mundula yellows.
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The tree's leaves would gradually turn yellow, then the tree would die.
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It wasn't until 2004 that they found the cause of the problem was lime,
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or calcium hydroxide to give it its proper chemical name, which was being used in the construction of roads.
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The lime was being washed away into the ground and affecting the roots of the eucalyptus trees nearby
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What it was doing was preventing the trees from sucking up the iron they needed for healthy growth
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When this was injected back into the affected trees they immediately recovered
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But this problem only affected a relatively small number of trees By 2000,
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huge numbers of eucalyptus were dying along Australia's east coast of
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a disease known as bell minor -associated dieback The bell minor is a bird
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and the disease seems to be common where there are high populations of bell minors Again,
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it's the leaves of the trees that are affected What happens is
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that insects settle on the leaves and eat their way round them, destroying them as they go, and at the same time,
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they secrete a solution which has sugar in it.
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The bell miner birds really like this solution, and in order to get as much as possible,
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they keep away other creatures that might try to get it.
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So these birds and insects flourish at the expense of other species,
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and eventually so much damage is done to the leaves that the tree dies.
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But experts say that trees can start looking sick before any sign of bell minor -associated dieback.
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So it looks as if the problem might have another explanation.
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One possibility is that it's to do with the huge bushfires that we have in Australia.
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A theory proposed over 40 years ago by ecologist William Jackson is
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that the frequency of bushfires in a particular region affects the type of vegetation that grows there.
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If there are very frequent bushfires in a region, this encourages grass to grow afterwards,
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while if the bushfires are rather less frequent, this results in the growth of eucalyptus forests.
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So why is this?
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Why do fairly frequent bushfires actually support the growth of eucalyptus?
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Well, one reason is that the fire stops the growth of other species which would consume water needed by eucalyptus trees. And there's another reason.
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If these other quick -growing species of bushes and plants are allowed to proliferate,
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they harm the eucalyptus in another way by affecting the composition of the soil and removing nutrients from it.
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So some bushfires are actually essential for the eucalyptus to survive as long as they are not too frequent. In fact, there's evidence
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that Australia's indigenous people practised regular burning of bushland for thousands of years before the arrival of the Europeans.
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But since Europeans arrived on the continent, the number of bushfires has been strictly controlled.
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Now, scientists believe that this reduced frequency of bushfires to low levels has led to what's known as dry rainforest,
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which seems an odd name as usually we associate tropical rainforest with wet conditions.
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And what's special about this type of rainforest?
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Well, unlike tropical rainforest, which is a rich ecosystem,
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this type of ecosystem is usually a simple one It has very thick,
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dense vegetation, but not much variety of species The vegetation provides lots of shade
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So one species that does find it ideal is the bell miner bird,
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which builds its nests in the undergrowth there But again, that's not helpful for the eucalyptus tree.
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That is the end of part four.
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You now have one minute to check your answers to part four.
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Thank you.
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That is the end of the listening test.
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In the IELTS test, you would now have 10 minutes to transfer your answers to the answer sheet.
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이 레슨의 어휘와 말하기 포인트

이 말하기 레슨은 영상 “Cambridge 15 Test 1 Section 4 Listening”을(를) 바탕으로 합니다. 가장 자주 반복되는 단어는 다음과 같습니다: tree, eucalyptus, bushfires, bell, species. 이 영상에는 섀도잉할 문장 63개와 단어 845개가 있습니다. 말하는 구간의 길이는 9:04입니다. 화자는 분당 약 93단어로 천천히 말해서 소리 하나하나를 따라 하기에 여유가 있습니다. 단어의 83%가 영어에서 가장 많이 쓰이는 3,000단어에 속합니다. 나머지는 연습 전에 미리 확인해 두세요.

이 영상의 핵심 어휘

영상에 나오는 익혀 둘 만한 단어 15개를 발음, 뜻과 함께 정리했습니다.

단어발음뜻
leaf 명사/lif/잎
frequent 형용사/ˈfɹiː.kwənt/빈번한
associate 명사/əˈsoʊʃi.ət/제휴자, 조합원
vegetation 명사/ˌvɛd͡ʒəˈteɪʃən/식생, 초목
frequency 명사/ˈfɹiːkwənsi/빈도
tropical 형용사/ˈtɹɑ.pɪ.kəl/열대
lime 명사/laɪm/라임
ecosystem 명사/ˈikoʊˌsɪstəm/생태계
insect 명사/ˈɪn.sɛkt/곤충
miner 명사/ˈmaɪnə(ɹ)/광부
harm 명사/hɑːm/해
carefully 부사/ˈkɛɹf(ə)li/주의하여, 조심스럽게
thick 형용사/θɪk/두껍다
wash 동사/wɑʃ/씻다
encourage 동사/ɪnˈkʌɹ.ɪd͡ʒ/격려하다

이 영상의 문법

화자가 가장 많이 쓰는 문형을 영상 속 실제 표현과 함께 정리했습니다.

문형영상 속 표현
수동태 be + 과거분사 — 누가 하는지보다 무슨 일이 일어나는지에 초점being washed · was injected · are affected
관계절 who / which + 절 — 사람이나 사물에 대한 추가 정보eucalyptus, which is · name, which was · solution which has
현재완료 have/has + 과거분사 — 과거의 일이 지금도 관련이 있을 때has been · has led

주의할 발음

화자는 I'm, wasn't 같은 축약형과 약화된 형태를 4번 사용합니다. 들리는 대로 짧게 발음하세요.

  • “th” 소리: thick /θɪk/, undergrowth /ˈʌndɚˌɡɹoʊθ/
  • “sh”와 “zh” 소리: associate /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/, vegetation /ˌvɛd͡ʒəˈteɪʃən/, wash /wɑʃ/, explanation /ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/, sheet /ʃit/
  • 긴 단어 — 강세 위치에 주의: associate /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/, vegetation /ˌvɛd͡ʒəˈteɪʃən/, ecosystem /ˈikoʊˌsɪstəm/, explanation /ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/, composition /ˌkɑm.pəˈzɪʃ.ən/

한국어 화자가 어려워하는 소리:

  • /f/ — ㅍ(/p/)으로 바꾸지 말고 윗니를 아랫입술에 대기: leaf /lif/, frequent /ˈfɹiː.kwənt/, frequency /ˈfɹiːkwənsi/, carefully /ˈkɛɹf(ə)li/, helpful /ˈhɛlp.fl̩/
  • /v/ — ㅂ(/b/)과 구별하기: vegetation /ˌvɛd͡ʒəˈteɪʃən/, arrival /əˈɹaɪ.vl̩/, arrive /əˈɹaɪv/, recover /ɹɪˈkʌvɚ/, biodiversity /ˌbaɪoʊdəˈvɚsəti/
  • /z/ — ㅈ이 아니라 성대를 울리는 /s/: afterwards /ˈæf.tɚ.wɚdz/, composition /ˌkɑm.pəˈzɪʃ.ən/, presentation /ˌpɹɛzn̩ˈteɪʃn̩/, propose /pɹəˈpəʊz/

이 영상으로 연습하는 방법

  1. 먼저 말하지 않고 영상을 끝까지 듣고 모르는 단어를 적어 둡니다.
  2. 보통 속도로 한 문장씩 섀도잉하고, 화자의 리듬과 맞을 때까지 반복합니다.
  3. 자신의 목소리를 녹음해 원본과 비교하고, leaf, frequent, associate 같은 단어에 특히 주의합니다.

쉐도잉이란? 영어 실력을 빠르게 키우는 과학적 방법

쉐도잉(Shadowing)은 원래 전문 통역사 훈련을 위해 개발된 언어 학습 기법으로, 다언어 학자인 Dr. Alexander Arguelles에 의해 대중화된 방법입니다. 핵심 원리는 간단하지만 매우 강력합니다: 원어민의 영어를 들으면서 1~2초의 짧은 지연으로 즉시 소리 내어 따라 말하는 것——마치 '그림자(shadow)'처럼 화자를 따라가는 것입니다. 문법 공부나 수동적인 청취와 달리, 쉐도잉은 뇌와 입 근육이 동시에 실시간으로 영어를 처리하고 재현하도록 훈련합니다. 연구에 따르면 이 방법은 발음 정확도, 억양, 리듬, 연음, 청취력, 말하기 유창성을 크게 향상시킵니다. IELTS 스피킹 준비와 자연스러운 영어 소통을 원하는 분들에게 특히 효과적입니다.

섀도잉 방법: 단계별 전체 가이드 읽기 →