跟读练习: Cambridge 10 Test 4 Section 4 Listening - 通过视频学习英语口语
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Section 4.
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You will hear a woman talking to a group of first -year science undergraduates about the developing science of nanotechnology.
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First, you have some time to look at questions 31 to 40.
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Thank you. to 40.
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Today we're going to look at an important area of science, namely nanotechnology.
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So what is it?
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Nano means tiny, so it's science and engineering on the scale of atoms and molecules.
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The idea is that by controlling and rearranging atoms, you can literally create anything.
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However, as we'll see, the science of the small has some big implications, affecting us in many ways.
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There's no doubt that nanotechnology promises so much for civilization.
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However, all new technologies have their teething problems.
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And with nanotechnology, society often gets the wrong idea about its capabilities.
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Numerous science fiction books and movies have raised people's fears about nanotechnology,
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with scenarios such as inserting little nanorobots into your body that monitor everything you do without you realising it,
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or self -replicating nanorobots that eventually take over the world.
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So, how do we safeguard such a potentially powerful technology.
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Some scientists recommend that nanoparticles be treated as new chemicals with separate safety tests and clear labelling.
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They believe that greater care should also be taken with nanoparticles in laboratories and factories.
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Others have called for a withdrawal of new nanoproducts such as cosmetics and a temporary halt to many kinds of nanotech research.
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But as far as I'm concerned, there's a need to plough ahead with the discoveries and applications of nanotechnology.
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I really believe that most scientists would welcome a way to guard against unethical uses of such technology.
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We can't go around thinking that all innovation is bad, all advancement is bad.
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As with the debate about any new technology, it is how you use it that's important.
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So, let's look at some of its possible uses.
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Thanks to nanotechnology, there could be a major breakthrough in the field of transportation, with the production of more durable metals.
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These could be virtually unbreakable, lighter and much more pliable, leading to planes that are 50 times lighter than at present.
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Those same improved capabilities will dramatically reduce the cost of travelling into space,
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making it more accessible to ordinary people and opening up a totally new holiday destination.
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In terms of technology, the computer industry will be able to shrink computer parts down to minute sizes.
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We need nanotechnology in order to create a new generation of computers
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that will work even faster and will have a million times more memory, but will be about the size of a sugar cube.
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Nanotechnology could also revolutionise the way that we generate power.
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The cost of solar cells will be drastically reduced, so harnessing this energy will be far more economical than at present.
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But nanotechnology has much wider applications than this and could have an enormous impact on our environment.
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For instance, tiny airborne nanorobots could be programmed to actually rebuild the ozone layer,
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which could lessen the impact of global warming on our planet.
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That's a pretty amazing thought, isn't it?
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On a more local scale,
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this new technology could help with the clean -up of environmental disasters as nanotechnology will allow us to remove oil
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and other contaminants from the water far more effectively.
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And if nanotechnology progresses as expected, as a sort of building block set of about 90 atoms,
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then you could build anything you wanted from the bottom up.
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In terms of production, this means that you only use what you need and so there wouldn't be any waste
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The notion that you could create anything at all has major implications for our health
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It means that we'll eventually be able to replicate anything
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This would have a phenomenal effect on our society
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In time, it could even lead to the eradication of famine through the introduction of machines
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that produce food to feed the hungry.
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But it's in the area of medicine that nanotechnology may have its biggest impact.
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How we detect disease will change as tiny biosensors are developed to analyse tests in minutes rather than days.
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There's even speculation nanorobots could be used to slow the ageing process, lengthening life expectancy.
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As you can see, I'm very excited by the implications that could be available to us in the next few decades.
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Just how long it'll take, I honestly don't know.
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That is the end of Section 4.
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You now have half a minute to check your answers.
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Thank you.
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to transfer your answers to the answer sheet.
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本课的词汇与口语要点
这节口语课以视频“Cambridge 10 Test 4 Section 4 Listening”为素材。 视频中反复出现的词有：nanotechnology, science, technology, nanorobots, atoms。 这段视频共有 57 个句子、753 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 7:23。 说话人语速较慢，每分钟约 102 个词，你有足够的时间模仿每一个音。 82% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，其余的词建议在练习前先学一下。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中 15 个值得学习的单词，附发音和释义：
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| atom 名词 | /ˈætəm/ | 原子 |
| hungry 形容词 | /ˈhʌŋ.ɡɹi/ | 飢餓 /饥饿, 餓 /饿 |
| scientist 名词 | /ˈsaɪəntəst/ | 科學家 /科学家 |
| temporary 形容词 | /ˈtɛmp(əˌɹ)ɛɹi/ | 暫時 /暂时 |
| discovery 名词 | /dɪˈskʌv.ɹi/ | 發現 /发现 |
| fiction 名词 | /ˈfɪkʃən/ | 虛構文學 /虚构文学, 小說 /小说 |
| label 名词 | /ˈleɪ.bəl/ | 標籤 /标签, 簽條 /签条 |
| ordinary 形容词 | /ˈɔɹdɪnɛɹi/ | 普通, 平常 |
| layer 名词 | /ˈleɪ̯ɚ/ | 層 /层 |
| sheet 名词 | /ʃit/ | 篇, 張 /张 |
| disaster 名词 | /dɪˈzɑːs.təː/ | 災難 /灾难, 災害 /灾害 |
| monitor 名词 | /ˈmɑ.nɪ.tɚ/ | 顯示器 /显示器 |
| innovation 名词 | /ˌɪn.əˈveɪ.ʃən/ | 革新, 創新 /创新 |
| laboratory 名词 | /ˈlæb(ə)ɹəˌtɔɹi/ | 實驗室 /实验室 |
| enormous 形容词 | /ɪˈnɔː.məs/ | 巨大的 |
视频中出现的短语动词
| 单词 | 释义 |
|---|---|
| take over 动词 | 接管, 接手 |
视频中的语法
说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：
| 结构 | 视频中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 被动语态 be + 过去分词 — 强调发生了什么，而不是谁做的 | be treated · be taken · could be programmed |
| 现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词 — 过去发生但与现在仍有关联的事 | have raised · have called |
需要注意的发音
说话人用了 10 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 I'm, we'll, can't。请按听到的简短形式来说。
- “th” 音: withdrawal /wɪðˈdɹɔ(ə)l/, breakthrough /ˈbɹeɪk.θɹuː/, lengthen /ˈlɛŋθən/, teethe /tiːð/, unethical /ʌnˈɛθɪkəl/
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: implication /ˌɪmpləˈkeɪʃən/, fiction /ˈfɪkʃən/, sheet /ʃit/, potentially /pəˈtɛnʃ(ə)li/, innovation /ˌɪn.əˈveɪ.ʃən/
- 长单词——注意重音位置: implication /ˌɪmpləˈkeɪʃən/, capability /ˌkeɪ.pəˈbɪl.ɪ.ti/, temporary /ˈtɛmp(əˌɹ)ɛɹi/, ordinary /ˈɔɹdɪnɛɹi/, potentially /pəˈtɛnʃ(ə)li/
中文母语者容易读错的音：
- /v/ — 不要读成 /w/，上齿轻触下唇: discovery /dɪˈskʌv.ɹi/, innovation /ˌɪn.əˈveɪ.ʃən/, virtually /ˈvɚ.t͡ʃə.wə.li/, civilization /ˌsɪv.ɪ.laɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/, advancement /ædˈvæns.mənt/
- 词尾辅音 — 要读清楚，后面不要加元音: scientist /ˈsaɪəntəst/, replicate /ˈɹɛplɪkeɪt/, sheet /ʃit/, enormous /ɪˈnɔː.məs/, generate /ˈd͡ʒɛn.ə.ɹeɪt/
- /r/ 和 /l/ 的区别: replicate /ˈɹɛplɪkeɪt/, laboratory /ˈlæb(ə)ɹəˌtɔɹi/, withdrawal /wɪðˈdɹɔ(ə)l/, rebuild /ɹiːˈbɪld/, durable /ˈdʊɹəbəl/
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 用正常速度逐句跟读，每句重复到你的节奏与说话人一致为止。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 atom, hungry, scientist 这类单词。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。