Практика Shadowing: 老人與海｜英文故事｜聽故事學英文｜英文聽力練習｜睡前英文故事｜英文學習（初學者友好） - Изучайте разговорный английский по видео
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1
The Old Man and the Sea How many times can a person fail and still refuse to give up?
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There was once an old fisherman who had gone 84 days without catching a single fish.
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Everyone believed he would never succeed again.
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But on the 85th day,
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he sailed alone into the deep sea and began a journey that would change his life forever.
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Today's story is Ernest Hemingway's famous novel, The Old Man and the Sea.
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It is not just a story about the sea and a fisherman.
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It is a story about courage, dignity, and the power of never giving up.
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Once there was an old fisherman named Santiago.
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He lived in a small fishing village near the sea in Cuba.
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He was thin and old.
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Deep wrinkles covered his face, and his hands showed the marks of many years spent pulling fishing lines from the ocean.
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Santiago had spent his whole life fishing.
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The sea was his friend, his workplace, and his world.
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For many years, a young boy named Manolin had gone fishing with him.
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The boy loved Santiago and respected him greatly.
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Santiago had taught him everything he knew about fishing.
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But lately, things had changed.
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For 84 days, Santiago had not caught a single fish.
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The villagers began to think he was unlucky.
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Some fishermen felt sorry for him.
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Others quietly laughed at him.
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The boy's parents believed Santiago's bad luck would continue.
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They told Manolin to fish with another boat.
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Although the boy obeyed his parents, he still cared deeply about the old man.
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Every evening, he visited Santiago's small shack.
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They talked about baseball, fishing, and life.
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The boy brought him food whenever he could.
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One evening, after the 84th day without a fish, the boy asked, Can I go fishing with you again?
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Santiago smiled kindly.
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Your parents have made their decision, he said.
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The boy lowered his head.
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I know, but I still believe in you.
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The old man's eyes brightened.
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Thank you, my boy.
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That night, Santiago slept in his small hut.
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The walls were simple.
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The furniture was old.
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Yet his dreams were filled with memories of his youth.
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He dreamed of Africa, where he had sailed as a young sailor.
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He dreamed of golden beaches and lions walking proudly along the shore.
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The next morning, long before sunrise, Santiago awoke.
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The village was still asleep.
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He quietly carried his fishing equipment to his small boat.
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The boy helped him prepare.
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I wish you luck, old man, said Manolin.
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Luck comes and goes, Santiago replied.
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I will do my best.
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With that, he pushed his boat into the dark water and began rowing toward the open sea.
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Most fishermen stayed closer to shore, but Santiago rowed farther and farther.
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He believed that the big fish lived in deeper waters.
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As the sun slowly rose, the ocean became bright and blue.
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The sea stretched endlessly in every direction.
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Birds flew overhead.
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Flying fish jumped across the surface.
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Santiago felt peaceful.
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He loved the sea.
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He often thought of the sea as a woman, beautiful, generous, and sometimes unpredictable.
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As he rode, he carefully placed several fishing lines into the water at different depths.
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Then he waited.
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Hours passed.
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The sun climbed higher.
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Still no fish.
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But Santiago remained patient.
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End.
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He had learned long ago that fishing required faith.
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Around noon, something happened.
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One of the lines suddenly moved.
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The old man immediately felt it.
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Something enormous was pulling beneath the water.
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His heart began to beat faster.
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This is a big one, he whispered.
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He held the line carefully.
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The fish did not jump.
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It did not struggle wildly.
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Instead, it simply swam away with great strength.
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The line continued moving, deeper into the ocean.
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Santiago knew this was no ordinary fish.
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This was a giant marlin.
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The marlin kept swimming, hour after hour.
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It pulled the small boat farther and farther from land.
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Santiago could not stop it.
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The fish was simply too strong.
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The old man wrapped the line across his shoulders and back.
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The pressure hurt his body.
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His hands began to ache, yet he refused to let go.
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If I lose this fish, he thought, I may
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They never get another chance like this.
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The sun set.
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Darkness covered the sea.
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Still, the marlin swam steadily forward.
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The boat followed.
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Santiago was alone with the fish and the stars.
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The ocean seemed endless.
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He spoke aloud to himself.
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Talking helped him feel less lonely.
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Sometimes he spoke to the fish.
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Sometimes he spoke to the birds.
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Sometimes he imagined the boy sitting beside him.
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I wish the boy were here, he said many times.
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The night grew colder.
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His muscles became stiff.
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But the line remained tight.
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The marlin Marlin continued pulling.
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By morning, Santiago had been connected to the fish for nearly twenty -four hours.
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His hands were bleeding.
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His back hurt terribly.
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His body felt exhausted.
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Still, the fish showed no sign of stopping.
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The old man admired the Marlin.
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It was powerful, intelligent, and brave.
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I love you, fish, he said softly, but I must kill you.
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As the second day passed, Santiago became increasingly tired.
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He caught a small fish and ate it raw to keep his strength.
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The food tasted simple, but it gave him energy.
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The marlin continued swimming.
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Neither the man nor the fish gave up.
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They were locked in a silent battle.
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At times, Santiago thought about baseball.
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He thought about his favorite player, Joe DiMaggio.
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DiMaggio often played despite pain and injury.
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Remembering this inspired him.
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If DiMaggio can endure pain, Santiago thought, then so can I.
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The second night arrived.
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The stars shone brightly overhead.
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The ocean remained calm.
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Santiago's body felt close to its limit.
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His left hand suddenly cramped and became difficult to use.
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He stared at it angrily.
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What kind of hand are you? he muttered.
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Slowly the cramp eased.
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He continued holding the line.
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He could not afford any mistakes.
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The marlin was still pulling.
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The battle had now lasted more than two days.
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On the third day, something changed.
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The fish began swimming in large circles.
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Santiago knew what this meant.
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The marlin was becoming tired.
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At last it was coming closer to the surface.
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Each circle brought the fish nearer.
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Each circle also demanded every bit of strength the old man had left.
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He pulled steadily.
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little by little, minute by minute.
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Finally he saw it.
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The marlin emerged from the deep blue water.
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Santiago stared in amazement.
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The fish was larger than he had imagined.
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Its long body glittered in the sunlight.
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Its enormous tail cut through the water like a giant blade.
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The marlin was longer than the boat itself.
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Beautiful, Santiago whispered.
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For a moment, he simply admired it.
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Then he remembered why he was there.
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When the fish came close enough, Santiago gathered his remaining strength.
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He lifted his harpoon.
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The marlin circled once more.
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The old man waited.
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Then he struck.
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The harpoon pierced deep into the fish.
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The marlin leaped high above the water.
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For a brief moment, it seemed suspended in the air.
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Then it crashed into the sea.
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The ocean exploded with foam and spray.
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Moments later, the giant fish lay still.
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The battle was over.
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Santiago felt exhausted beyond words.
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But he also felt proud.
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He had achieved something extraordinary.
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He tied the enormous marlin alongside his boat.
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The fish was far too large to fit inside.
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Then he turned toward home.
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The journey back would take many hours.
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The old man looked at his catch and smiled.
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The villagers would be amazed.
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The boy would be happy.
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After 84 days of failure, he had finally succeeded.
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The wind filled his small sail.
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The boat moved steadily toward shore.
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But the story was not over, not even close.
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Several hours later, Santiago noticed a dark shape beneath the water.
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A shark.
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The shark had smelled blood from the marlin.
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It was approaching quickly.
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Santiago understood the danger immediately.
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The shark attacked.
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Its powerful jaws tore into the marlin's flesh.
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The old man grabbed his harpoon and fought back.
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He struck the shark hard.
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The shark died.
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But as it sank into the sea, it carried away a large piece of the marlin.
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Santiago looked sadly at the damaged fish.
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Still, he continued home.
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Soon, more sharks arrived.
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The blood trail stretched for miles through the ocean.
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It attracted hungry predators from far away.
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Again and again, the sharks attacked.
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Again and And again Santiago fought them.
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He used his knife.
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He used an oar.
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He used a club.
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He used every weapon he could find.
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Each battle left him weaker.
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Each attack took more of the marlin.
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The old man knew he was losing, yet he refused to stop fighting.
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As evening approached, even more sharks came.
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They surrounded the boat.
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They tore away large pieces of flesh.
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Santiago struck them with all the strength he had left.
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His hands bled.
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His shoulders burned.
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His body screamed with exhaustion.
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Still he fought.
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By nightfall, very little meat remained.
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The marlin had become almost a skeleton.
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Santiago stared at the remains.
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A deep sadness filled him.
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He had defeated the great fish, yet now the sea was taking it away.
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The old man wondered if he had gone too far from shore.
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Perhaps he had been too ambitious.
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Perhaps he had challenged fate itself.
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But there was no time for regret.
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He still had to reach home.
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The night was dark.
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The stars watched silently overhead.
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The old boat moved through the black water.
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At last, near midnight, Santiago saw the lights of the village.
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Relief washed over him.
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He had made it back.
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When he reached shore, Everyone was asleep.
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The harbor was quiet.
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The old man tied his boat to the dock.
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Then he looked at what remained of the marlin.
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Only the giant skeleton was left.
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The magnificent fish was gone.
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Santiago felt completely exhausted.
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He removed the mast from his boat and carried it on his shoulders.
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The weight felt enormous.
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Several times he had to stop and rest.
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Finally he reached his hut.
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He lay down on his bed.
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Within moments he fell into a deep sleep.
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The next morning the villagers discovered the marlin skeleton.
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They were astonished.
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The fish was enormous.
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Many fishermen measured it.
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They could hardly believe its size.
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People gathered around the boat to look.
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Meanwhile, Manolin hurried to the old man's hut.
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When he saw Santiago sleeping, tears filled his eyes.
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The old man's hands were badly injured.
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His face showed signs of suffering.
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The boy quietly sat beside him.
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When Santiago finally woke, Manolin smiled.
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They do not know what you went through, the boy said.
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The old man looked at him.
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They beat me, Manolin.
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The boy shook his head.
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No, the fish did not beat you.
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Santiago smiled faintly.
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No, the fish did not.
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The boy promised he would fish with Santiago again.
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He no longer cared what others thought.
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The old man had proven his courage.
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The villagers now respected him more than ever.
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They understood that Santiago was not simply a fisherman.
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He was a man who refused to surrender.
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Later the boy brought him food and coffee.
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They talked quietly about future fishing trips.
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For the first time in many days, hope returned.
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Santiago rested peacefully.
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As he drifted back to sleep, his mind returned to the dreams of his youth.
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Once again, he saw the lions walking along the beaches of Africa.
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They moved confidently beneath the golden sun, strong, free, fearless.
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And as the old man slept, the lions continued to walk across the shore in his dreams,
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just as they had many years before.
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The sea had taken away the fish.
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Time had taken away his youth.
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But neither the sea nor time had taken away his spirit.
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And that was the greatest victory of all.
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Лексика и советы по произношению к этому уроку
Этот урок разговорной практики построен на видео «老人與海｜英文故事｜聽故事學英文｜英文聽力練習｜睡前英文故事｜英文學習（初學者友好）». Чаще всего повторяются слова: Santiago, fish, marlin, sea, boy. В этом видео 280 предложений и 1993 слов для шедоуинга. Речь длится 17:59. Говорящий держит ровный темп — около 111 слов в минуту, удобный для шедоуинга. Только 80% слов входят в 3000 самых частых слов английского языка, поэтому лексика сложная.
Ключевая лексика этого видео
15 слов из видео, которые стоит выучить, с произношением и значением:
| Слово | Произношение | Значение |
|---|---|---|
| shore существительное | /ʃɔɹ/ | бе́рег, побере́жье |
| enormous прилагательное | /ɪˈnɔː.məs/ | огро́мный, грома́дный |
| swim глагол | /swɪm/ | пла́вать, плыть |
| refuse глагол | /ɹɪˈfjuːz/ | отка́зывать, отказа́ть |
| quietly наречие | /ˈkwaɪ.ɪt.li/ | ти́хо, сми́рно |
| tear глагол | /tɛɹ/ | рвать, порва́ть |
| lion существительное | /ˈlaɪən/ | лев, льви́ца |
| beneath | /bɪˈniːθ/ | под |
| sail существительное | /seɪl/ | па́рус, ветри́ло |
| overhead существительное | /ˈəʊvəˌhɛd/ | накладны́е расхо́ды |
| stare глагол | /stɛɚ/ | при́стально смотре́ть, глазе́ть |
| exhaust глагол | /ɪɡˈzɔst/ | исче́рпывать, исче́рпать |
| skeleton существительное | /ˈskɛlətən/ | скеле́т |
| carefully наречие | /ˈkɛɹf(ə)li/ | осторо́жно, аккура́тно |
| asleep прилагательное | /əˈsliːp/ | спя́щий, усну́вший |
Фразовые глаголы, которые вы услышите
| Слово | Значение |
|---|---|
| give up глагол | сдава́ться, сда́ться |
| tear away глагол | отрыва́ться, оторва́ться |
Грамматика в этом видео
Конструкции, которые говорящий использует чаще всего, с точными словами из видео:
| Конструкция | В видео |
|---|---|
| Пассивный залог be + причастие прошедшего времени — важно, что происходит, а не кто это делает | were filled · had been connected · were locked |
| Past Continuous was/were + -ing — действие, которое длилось в определённый момент прошлого | was pulling · were bleeding · was still pulling |
| Сравнительная степень -er than / more … than — сравнение двух вещей | larger than · longer than |
| Превосходная степень the -est / the most … — самое большое или малое в группе | my best · the greatest |
Произношение, на которое стоит обратить внимание
- Звуки «th»: beneath /bɪˈniːθ/, gather /ˈɡæðɚ/, thin /ˈθɪn/
- Звуки «sh» и «zh»: shore /ʃɔɹ/, flesh /flɛʃ/, wash /wɑʃ/, shake /ˈʃeɪk/, shine /ʃaɪn/
- Длинные слова — следите за ударением: ordinary /ˈɔɹdɪnɛɹi/, extraordinary /ɪksˈtɹɔːrdɪn(ə)ɹi/, intelligent /ɪnˈtɛlɪd͡ʒənt/, magnificent /mæɡˈnɪfəsənt/, confidently /ˈkɑnfɪdəntli/
Звуки, трудные для русскоязычных:
- /w/ — губы округлены, это не /v/: swim /swɪm/, quietly /ˈkwaɪ.ɪt.li/, whisper /ˈ(h)wɪspɚ/, meanwhile /ˈmiːnwaɪl/, wash /wɑʃ/
- /h/ — лёгкий выдох, а не русское «х»: overhead /ˈəʊvəˌhɛd/, whisper /ˈ(h)wɪspɚ/, hungry /ˈhʌŋ.ɡɹi/, harbor /ˈhɑːbə/, hurry /ˈhʌ.ɹi/
- Звонкие согласные в конце слова — не оглушайте их: refuse /ɹɪˈfjuːz/, overhead /ˈəʊvəˌhɛd/, courage /ˈkʌ.ɹɪd͡ʒ/, succeed /səkˈsiːd/, beside /bɪˈsaɪd/
Как заниматься с этим видео
- Прослушайте всё видео один раз молча и выпишите незнакомые слова.
- Повторяйте предложение за предложением на обычной скорости, пока ваш ритм не совпадёт с ритмом говорящего.
- Запишите себя и сравните с оригиналом, обращая внимание на такие слова, как shore, enormous, swim.
Что такое техника Shadowing?
Shadowing — это научно обоснованная техника изучения языка, изначально разработанная для подготовки профессиональных переводчиков и популяризированная полиглотом доктором Александром Аргуэльесом. Метод прост, но эффективен: вы слушаете аудио на английском от носителей языка и немедленно повторяете вслух — как тень, следующая за говорящим с задержкой в 1–2 секунды. В отличие от пассивного прослушивания или грамматических упражнений, Shadowing заставляет мозг и мышцы рта одновременно обрабатывать и воспроизводить реальные речевые паттерны. Исследования показывают, что это значительно улучшает точность произношения, интонацию, ритм, связную речь, понимание на слух и беглость речи — что делает его одним из самых эффективных методов для подготовки к IELTS Speaking и реального общения на английском.