Практика Shadowing: What is business law? - Изучайте разговорный английский по видео

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Today we're going to be exploring the fascinating world of business law.
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So what exactly is business law?
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Let's dive right in.
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Business law, which is also known as commercial law, really refers to simply a legal framework.
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And that legal framework governs businesses and commercial transactions.
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Now, business law, of course, encompasses a very wide range of legal principles, rules, and regulations.
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And ultimately, the goal is to try to ensure fair and transparent business practices.
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Now understanding business law is really important for entrepreneurs, business owners, as well as professionals in various fields.
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But let's take a little bit of a closer look at some of the key areas of business law.
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The first area we're going to talk about are contracts.
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Now contracts are fundamental aspects of business law.
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Now, contracts are important because what they do is they establish legal obligations
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between parties and they outline the terms and conditions of those agreements.
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Whether it's sales contracts or employment agreements, understanding contract formation and interpretation and remedies for breach,
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these things are crucial to being able to run a business as in the course of running businesses, we oftentimes create a number of different contracts, whether it's through wholesale relationships,
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whether it's through employment agreements.
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And so understanding the ins and outs of those is extremely important, but also helps us to be able to run our businesses successfully.
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The next element of business law that's important is what we call intellectual property.
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Now, intellectual property rights are, of course, another critical area of business law.
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And intellectual property is something you're probably familiar with, but ultimately is designed to provide protection for creative works.
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And so that includes things like what we call trademarks,
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includes copyrights, and other creative works.
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So ultimately understanding intellectual property helps businesses safeguard some of the innovations they create
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and allows them to protect unauthorized use or infringement by other parties,
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which can be extremely important in order for being able to protect those things that you create.
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Another key area of business law is what we call employment law.
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Now, employment law ultimately governs the relationships between employers and employees.
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Employment law covers such areas as contracts or employment contracts rather, which is a concept that we just discussed in the first section, but also includes things like wages,
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workplace discrimination, and ultimately termination.
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Now, complying with employment law ultimately ensures fair treatment and really protects the rights of both employers as well as employees.
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And as someone who potentially would be running a business in some capacity, understanding employment law is extremely important
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because we need to understand the rules of the game and what is considered to be fair to avoid unfair treatment,
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but also to potentially avoid affecting the business in some way that can open it up for some sort of lawsuit.
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The next element of business law that's extremely important is what we call corporate law.
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Now corporate law ultimately deals with what we call the formation as well as governance of business entities.
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Under this particular category, what's included really is the legal requirements for different sorts of business structures, which includes things like sole proprietorships,
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includes partnerships, as well as corporations.
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And one of the things
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that we're going to discuss a little bit later in the
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course is some of the different specifics with regards to setting up those types of structures.
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And they could have or provide rather advantages for us in terms of taxation and liability and those sorts of things.
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And so corporate law
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is really what provides a lot of the rules related to what we can do with those types of structures.
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Corporate law also defines the rights and responsibilities of titles such as director, shareholders, as well as stakeholders.
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And so it's important for us to understand those particular formalities so that we can operate within the confines of those roles.
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Another important area of business law is taxation, which of course tends to be everybody's favorite topic.
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Now, taxation probably doesn't require a great deal of explanation since it's something
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that just us as individual consumers and we are used to experiencing.
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But ultimately, from a business standpoint, we want to be able to understand some of the basics related to income tax, sales tax, as well as payroll.
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because not only are we responsible for reporting these types of things on behalf of our workforce,
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but ultimately compliance and effective tax planning can have a significant role on the financial well-being of the company. And
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so we need to be able to understand some of the
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elements of the tax code in order to understand not only our responsibilities,
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but also to do some forward range long-term planning to put our businesses into a position to where we're financially healthy.
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The next important element of business law, and I'm running out of space here, so I'm going to start to fill in a little bit of the margins, is what we call dispute resolution.
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Now, dispute resolution is ultimately about resolving conflicts and disagreements
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that may arise as a result or in the course of business transactions.
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Alternate dispute resolution methods like mediation, arbitration, offer efficient and really cost-effective ways to settle disputes outside of a courtroom,
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which can be particularly costly.
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And so business law incorporates dispute resolution
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which is an important way for us to be able to remedy certain disagreements in a very efficient and cost-effective manner.
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Now, the last category of business law is what we call international business law.
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International business law ultimately governs what we call cross-border transactions.
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This also incorporates things like trade agreements and ultimately just the legal consideration when doing business globally.
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And this can become extremely challenging considering
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that the laws in one country may differ from the laws of another country as well.
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But understanding some of those laws and regulations is essential for being able to operate businesses in a global economy,
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which is what we're increasingly finding as a result of globalization over the last 30 to 40 years.
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So to wrap up, business law really provides a legal framework for businesses to operate.
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It helps them protect their rights and helps ensure fair and transparent practices.
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And ultimately, understanding and complying with business law is really important for entrepreneurs,
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business owners, and professionals in all industries as it safeguards our interests, helps prevent legal disputes, and promotes a healthy business environment.

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Лексика и советы по произношению к этому уроку

Этот урок разговорной практики уровня C1 построен на видео «What is business law?». Чаще всего повторяются слова: ultimately, employment, contract, legal, businesses. В этом видео 72 предложений и 1085 слов для шедоуинга. Речь длится 6:34. Говорящий говорит в естественном темпе, около 165 слов в минуту, близком к повседневной речи. 84% слов входят в 3000 самых частых слов английского языка; остальные стоит разобрать перед занятием.

Ключевая лексика этого видео

Самые сложные слова из видео (15), с произношением и значением:

СловоПроизношениеЗначение
govern глагол/ˈɡʌv.ən/пра́вить, управля́ть
taxation существительное/tækˈseɪ.ʃən/налогообложе́ние, обложе́ние нало́гом
disagreement существительное/dɪsəˈɡɹiːmənt/разногла́сие
remedy существительное/ˈɹɛmədi/сре́дство
incorporate глагол/ɪŋˈkɔɹ.pɚ.eɪt/включа́ть, включи́ть
entrepreneur существительное/ˌɑn.tɹə.pɹəˈnɝ/предпринима́тель, предпринима́тельница
transparent прилагательное/tɹænsˈpæɹənt/прозра́чный
comply глагол/kəmˈplaɪ/подчиня́ться, соглаша́ться
confine глагол/ˈkɑnfaɪn/ограни́чивать, ограни́чить
encompass глагол/ɪnˈkʌmpəs/окружа́ть, окружи́ть
fascinate глагол/ˈfæsɪneɪt/очаро́вывать, очарова́ть
formality существительное/fɔːrˈmælɪti/форма́льность
oftentimes наречие/ˈɔf.ənˌtaɪmz/ча́сто, многокра́тно
stakeholder существительное/ˈsteɪkˌhəʊl.də/попечи́тель
mediation существительное/ˌmiːdiˈeɪʃən/посре́дничество, медиа́ция

Фразовые глаголы, которые вы услышите

СловоПроизношениеЗначение
set up глагол/ˌsɛt ˈʌp/устана́вливать, установи́ть
wrap up глаголзавора́чивать, заверну́ть

Грамматика в этом видео

Конструкции, которые говорящий использует чаще всего, с точными словами из видео:

КонструкцияВ видео
Пассивный залог be + причастие прошедшего времени — важно, что происходит, а не кто это делаетis also known · is designed · is considered
Придаточные определительные who / which + предложение — уточнение о человеке или предметеlaw, which is · rather, which is · someone who potentially

Произношение, на которое стоит обратить внимание

Говорящий использует 9 сокращённых и редуцированных форм, например we're, I'm, doesn't. Произносите их коротко, так, как слышите.

  • Звуки «sh» и «zh»: taxation /tækˈseɪ.ʃən/, globalization /ˌɡloʊ.bə.laɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/, mediation /ˌmiːdiˈeɪʃən/, shareholder /ˈʃɛəˌhəʊl.də(ɹ)/, arbitration /ˌɑɹ.bɪˈtɹeɪ.ʃən/
  • Длинные слова — следите за ударением: disagreement /dɪsəˈɡɹiːmənt/, incorporate /ɪŋˈkɔɹ.pɚ.eɪt/, entrepreneur /ˌɑn.tɹə.pɹəˈnɝ/, formality /fɔːrˈmælɪti/, globalization /ˌɡloʊ.bə.laɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/

Звуки, трудные для русскоязычных:

  • /w/ — губы округлены, это не /v/: workforce /ˈwɝk.foɹs/, workplace /ˈwɝkˌpleɪs/
  • /h/ — лёгкий выдох, а не русское «х»: stakeholder /ˈsteɪkˌhəʊl.də/, shareholder /ˈʃɛəˌhəʊl.də(ɹ)/, wholesale /ˈhoʊlseɪl/
  • Звонкие согласные в конце слова — не оглушайте их: safeguard /ˈseɪfɡɑːd/, oftentimes /ˈɔf.ənˌtaɪmz/, arise /əˈɹaɪz/

Как заниматься с этим видео

  1. Прослушайте всё видео один раз молча и выпишите незнакомые слова.
  2. Начните со скорости 0,75×, повторяйте предложение за предложением и вернитесь к обычной скорости, когда станет легко.
  3. Запишите себя и сравните с оригиналом, обращая внимание на такие слова, как govern, taxation, disagreement.

Что такое техника Shadowing?

Shadowing — это научно обоснованная техника изучения языка, изначально разработанная для подготовки профессиональных переводчиков и популяризированная полиглотом доктором Александром Аргуэльесом. Метод прост, но эффективен: вы слушаете аудио на английском от носителей языка и немедленно повторяете вслух — как тень, следующая за говорящим с задержкой в 1–2 секунды. В отличие от пассивного прослушивания или грамматических упражнений, Shadowing заставляет мозг и мышцы рта одновременно обрабатывать и воспроизводить реальные речевые паттерны. Исследования показывают, что это значительно улучшает точность произношения, интонацию, ритм, связную речь, понимание на слух и беглость речи — что делает его одним из самых эффективных методов для подготовки к IELTS Speaking и реального общения на английском.

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