ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: Barack Obama: Choose Hope
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1
More than 40 years ago, on a late summer afternoon in 1985,
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I arrived here in Chicago,
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entering the city through the very spot where this center now stands.
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I can still picture myself heading down what was then Cornell Drive
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in a janky used car
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that I'd bought in New York with all my worldly possessions stuffed in the trunk
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and the back seat so I really couldn't see out of the rearview mirror and I was a safety hazard.
8
And I was 23 years old.
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I'd just been hired by a group of churches on the
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south side to help organize a part of the city that had been battered by steel plant closings and chronic neglect.
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And I didn't have much organizing experience.
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Didn't know anybody in Chicago.
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But I had been inspired by the civil rights movement, and I knew I wanted to make a difference.
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And although I wasn't sure exactly how I was going to do that,
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I was possessed with this abiding faith
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that if we could give people more of a say in the forces that govern their lives,
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if we could bridge some of the differences that drove us apart, then we could build an America where everyone counts,
18
and everyone has a fair shot, and everyone belongs.
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even a mixed race kid with a weird backstory and a name nobody could pronounce
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and it was here in this city a city of broad shoulders that i found what i was looking for
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Day by day, block by block, I got to know the people who lived here,
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their hopes, their dreams, their tragedies and their triumphs.
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I witnessed their resilience in the face of hardship
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and the quiet heroism of a single mom raising her kids and sending them to college on a secretary salary.
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Or the priest electing to stay in the city and open his doors to add rescues,
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even as most of his flock had fled to the suburbs.
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I learned that leadership has less to do with titles or rank or chasing attention than with helping others find their voice,
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reaching their potential.
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And sitting around people's kitchen tables or on their back porches,
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spending time in church basements, in barbershops.
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I was reminded that everyone has a story to tell if you just care to listen.
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sacred stories full of courage and humor and grace and that each of those stories in some way connected to my own
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in other words i found my purpose here and i fortified my faith here and i found my community here.
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Friendships that would last a lifetime.
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And I found a girl from the South Side who has been my greatest blessing.
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Michelle and I, our wedding reception was over at South Shore Cultural Center.
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You could walk from here.
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Our daughters were born right down the street this is where
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we bought our first home this is where our kids took their first steps
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This is where I launched my candidacy for the Illinois State Senate over at the Ramada Inn on Lakeshore Drive,
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serving pretzels and soda, embarking on the path that ultimately and improbably led to this day.
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So, for me, this center could not be anyplace else.
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It's an expression of thanks, an acknowledgment that so much of what I hold most dear,
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I owe to the people of this city and the people of these surrounding neighborhoods.
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And it's why we designed the center not to be some lifeless mausoleum.
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I am too young for that.
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Not just a place to see Michelle's dresses, although I understand that will be the top attraction.
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we wanted it to be a vibrant living celebration of community
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where we can learn together and share the joys of art and music and sport and play
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because it's in those moments that we're reminded of our common humanity
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and strengthen the bonds of trust that not only make our lives richer, but make our democracy stronger.
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Now, we also wanted this center to be a celebration of the extraordinary public servants, many of whom are here today,
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that made this journey possible.
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Some of you helped get me elected.
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Some of you I had to talk into joining my administration.
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Some of you were seasoned veterans who helped show a rookie president the ropes.
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But a lot of you were younger than I was when I first drove into this city.
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We're all a bit older now.
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Many of you have children of your own, even grandchildren.
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But the passage of time has only deepened my admiration for your talent and your dedication and your skill.
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It's only deepened my gratitude for how much you and your families sacrificed to make this country better.
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So when you visit this center today or in days to come, I hope you see yourselves and your hard work reflected in every exhibit.
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And I hope you take pride in what we accomplish together.
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You made that happen.
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Now, of course, we did not accomplish everything we set out to do.
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No administration does.
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Some of the exhibits reflect unfinished business.
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In some cases, my own shortcomings and mistakes.
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In some cases, because as a sign I kept on the resolute desk read, hard things are hard.
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And that's especially true in a big,
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raucous, diverse, argumentative democracy like the United States of America.
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Everybody's got an opinion.
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And that means getting stuff done involves reconciling the demands of a couple of hundred million people.
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Democracy can be frustrating, it can be slow, it can be inefficient.
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And yet more than anything, I hope this center will serve as an affirmation of just how special,
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how precious our democracy truly is, and remind us what we can achieve when we embrace our shared responsibilities as citizens.
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And since we're a few weeks away from America's 250th birthday,
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it is worth remembering just how radical the whole idea of self -government really was back in 1776.
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To that point, human history was a tale of conquest and caste and rigid hierarchies.
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A world where the strong dominated the weak, where power and wealth and status flowed through lineage,
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and the many were ruled by the few.
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But out of the fire and steel of a revolution, a different story took flight.
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On this continent, a declaration that we are all created equal, endowed by our Creator with certain unalienable rights,
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and that in the newly independent United States, there will be no kings or lords, no serfs or subjects, but only citizens,
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each of us free to pursue our own version of happiness
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and able to determine our collective fate through an elected representative government.
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It had not been done.
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And because it hadn't been done before, the success of this experiment was never a given.
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In forming our union, the founders fell terribly short of the Declaration's promise,
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leaving slavery intact, allowing states to restrict the franchise to white men who own property.
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but in drafting a constitution
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and a bill of rights they did have the foresight the genius to provide us with a framework
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that allows each generation to make our union more perfect
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and over more than two centuries through petitions and protests marches and strikes
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moral appeals from the pulpit and conversations at the family dinner table.
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Men and women from all walks of life, of every color, every faith,
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every region, took up the cause of democracy and made it their own until we,
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the people, came to include not just some of us, but all of us.
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And that's why the story we tell in this building begins not with Michelle's origins or my origins, but with our nation's.
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With a founding era print of the Declaration of Independence, and a pen and ink stand used by Frederick Douglass.
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Lincoln's Bible and a pamphlet by Ida B.
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Wells.
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suffragist buttons and a hard hat worn by FDR's Labor Secretary Francis Perkins.
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And it's why the exhibits here focus not just on policies, but on the shared values that make democracy possible.
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A belief in the intrinsic dignity and worth of all people, and that no one is above the law, or beneath its protection.
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A belief in checks and balances in our government and an accountability
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that comes with an independent judiciary and a robust free press.
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A belief that our military and law enforcement owe allegiance not to any president or political party,
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but to the people and our Constitution.
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A belief in the peaceful transfer of power after the people have spoken in fair and free elections, recognizing that in a large,
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complicated society like ours, no group or faction gets its way 100 % of the time.
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And a belief that qualities of character,
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honesty, integrity, kindness, compassion, a sense of duty and honor,
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those things matter in our public dealings, just as they do in our private lives.
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these are not these are the values and traditions I believe in
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and they are not Republican
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or Democratic values they are American values we can all share
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regardless of party values every president here today as different as we are has tried our best to uphold values
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that John McCain and Mitt Romney believed in no less than I did.
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It is our greatest inheritance.
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the story of America at its best
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because it reflects a basic faith in the decency of our fellow citizens
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and the possibility that despite all of our differences we can see each other
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and understand one another and make common cause together
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that's what I hope every visitor to this center takes away from their experience
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and that's why if you come for a day
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and you don't have time to see everything I would urge you to skip the clips of my speeches
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you have heard them all before in favor of the stories of those ordinary citizens who helped make that change happen.
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The cancer survivor who feared rising premiums would force her out of her home
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and was brave enough to speak out about it.
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She's why we pushed so hard for health care reform.
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the small business owner trying to keep the lights on the
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teenage girl who told me she was worried her dad might
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lose his job in the auto crisis they're why we focus
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so relentlessly relentlessly on pulling our economy back from the great recession the wounded warrior overcoming debilitating injuries
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The gay Air Force majors serving her country even when forced to hide who she was.
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They're why we worked to end Don't Ask, Don't Tell.
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And care for those who've worn our country's uniform and do right by our military families.
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It's their voices that led to our successes.
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And while going through the exhibits, I'd also ask you to listen to the voices of people around the world who have been inspired by American ideas.
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Yes, America has made its share of foreign policy mistakes.
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Our actions have not always matched our rhetoric.
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We've learned that we can't solve every conflict or stop every atrocity around the globe.
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But at our best, the United States has been an undeniable force for good in the world.
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And what I heard on every continent as president is that when America,
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when American foreign policy lives up to our highest ideals,
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When we champion human rights and democracy and the sound stewardship of our planet.
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When we take the lead in eradicating disease and feeding the hungry and educating children.
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When we encourage cooperation between nations.
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Instead of trying to dominate and bully and squeeze every advantage just because we can.
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And most of all, when we show through our example here at home
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that even a country as big and diverse as ours can make democracy work, it turns out all nations,
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including ours, become more prosperous and secure.
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And the world gets a little bit brighter.
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I recognize it's been almost a decade since I left office.
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In that time, we have lived through more war and a terrible pandemic,
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economic disruptions, mass protests, backlash against mass protests,
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political conflicts that have shaken the very foundation of our democracy.
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We've witnessed a technological revolution that promises remarkable discoveries,
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could revolutionize medicine, but is also accelerating inequality
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that puts all the world's information in the palm of our hands,
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but somehow makes it harder for us to tell a truth from a lie that connects us instantly like never before
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even as it makes us more distrustful and more withdrawn and more fearful and more isolated from each other.
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It's a lot.
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For millions of people in this country and around the world,
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the future feels uncertain, the ground unstable beneath our feet.
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And as algorithms keep feeding us a steady stream of distraction and outrage,
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as only the loudest, most extreme voices get attention,
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fanning our prejudices, appealing to our basest, most tribal instincts.
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It's tempting to give in to cynicism and even despair, to stop trying.
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We start thinking that appeals to democracy and civic participation are corny and old -fashioned and boring and naive.
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But the very idea of working on behalf of the common good is a sucker's bet.
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and that in order for us to win, somebody else has got to lose.
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I get it.
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I am not immune to anger or doubt.
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But I do know this.
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When we lose faith in each other, when we stop believing that voting matters,
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that citizenship matters, that our collective voices matter, that how we treat each other no longer matters,
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then we give away our power to decide our own futures.
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We open the door to the most ruthless or the most careless or the most fearful among us,
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who see some groups and some people as more equal than others,
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and see government as nothing more than a way to divvy up the spoils and punish enemies
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and keep those who are different in their place.
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I do not believe that is the story of America that prevails in the end.
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I don't believe it because for us to give up, for us to give in now, after all this country's been through,
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to cynicism and division, would be a betrayal of our founding ideas.
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a betrayal of our faith.
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And I remain convinced that the overwhelming majority of Americans feel the same way.
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That as unsettled as we are, people aren't looking for perpetual anger and division.
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They are looking for fairness and common sense and mutual respect
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that deep in our gut we want to find a way to turn towards each other again, not further away.
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I believe this because I've seen it all across our country.
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In cities that have worked together to reclaim their streets from crime, in rural communities that have rebuilt their economy,
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in businesses that are finding new ways to make housing affordable,
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in those ordinary people in the Twin Cities who break frigid temperatures,
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risk their own safety, standing shoulder to shoulder to look out for their neighbors
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and sometimes look out for strangers because they knew that was the right thing to do.
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I've seen it.
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And I've seen it in a new generation of leaders here and around the world.
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Like Puniha and Addison, leaders who are determined to make our governments and our economies and our societies work for everyone.
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Obama Foundation leaders like Hannah,
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a Food Corps member from rural Ohio who is helping ensuring every child has access to at least one nourishing me.
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Or George, an entrepreneur whose nonprofit helps get unused, unexpired medicine, often at no cost, to people who need it.
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Or Zuzana, a human rights lawyer in Poland, who's won more than 30 landmark cases.
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There are thousands, tens of thousands, hundreds of thousands of these young people out there.
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Making a difference right now.
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And this center is devoted to lifting up their stories, giving them the tools and support they need to expand their impact.
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For while our work is nonpartisan, we are not values neutral.
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We have a point of view.
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The exhibits in the center are not meant to evoke nostalgia for some gauzy bygone era.
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Some unattainable past that we can dream about and say, oh, we miss you, Barat.
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they're meant they're meant to remind us of who we can be to remind us of what's possible
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so we can forge ahead clear -eyed and confident and do the work that still needs to be done
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we can learn from the past But America's story isn't frozen in the past.
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It has chapters yet to be written, not by one person or a few people,
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not by Barack and Michelle or anybody with a fancy title or a high office, but by all of us.
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You know, one of the things a lot of presidential libraries now have in common is a replica of the Oval Office.
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And if you take a peek at the one inside this building,
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you will see some objects that carried some special meaning for me during the time that I was in office.
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There's a program that a friend from the South Side gave me that he had retrieved from the 1963 March on Washington.
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He was there.
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There's a Norman Rockwell painting of the Statue of Liberty with workers hanging on on ropes,
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burnishing the torch that she holds aloft.
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And on the rug, you'll read words from some of America's greatest leaders,
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including a quote that inspired that arch that you see right there at the south end of the plaza by Martin Puryear.
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The arc of the moral universe is long, but it bends towards justice.
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as a quote that was often invoked by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.
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But it originally comes from a Boston minister's sermon more than 170 years ago.
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And at the time, the abolitionist cause seemed lost.
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The Compromise of 1850 had made harboring fugitive slaves a crime under federal law,
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even in those states that had abolished Slater.
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And in a case that garnered national attention, a young fugitive in Boston had been seized and tried
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and marched to the wharf by hundreds of armed officers where
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he was summarily put on a ship bound for the south where he would remain in shackles and chains.
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It was a moment of profound uncertainty and despair.
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A moment the minister called darker than any New England had witnessed.
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We do not see, Reverend Theodore Parker observed, that justice is always done on earth.
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Many a knave is rich,
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sleek, and honored, while the just man is poor, hated, and in torment.
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I do not pretend, the preacher said, to understand the moral universe.
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The ark is a long one.
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My eye reaches but little ways.
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I cannot calculate the curve and complete the figure by the experience of sight.
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I can divine it by conscience.
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But from what I see, I am sure it bends towards justice.
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The good reverend was under no illusions about the perils and obstacles facing the abolitionist cause.
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His words offered no easy answers, no comforting assurances that he or his congregation would live to see the progress they so desperately saw.
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Rather, his was a declaration of faith, a defiant call, not to abandon hope or give way to fear,
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but to stay true to our better selves and true to one another, and to keep fighting to fulfill the promise of this nation,
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even in the face of cruelty and bitter disappointment, even in the face of impossible odds.
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It is that spirit that we open this center today.
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The same spirit that so many of you showed all those years ago.
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The same spirit that inspired generations of Americans to meet the challenges of their time.
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the same spirit that is alive and well here on the south side of chicago
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same spirit that will see america and the world through its present trance
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there is a new generation out there ready to write the
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next chapter of our story we intend to help them do it
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and we ask that you join us thank you god bless you God bless the United States of America.
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คำศัพท์และข้อสังเกตด้านการพูดสำหรับบทเรียนนี้
บทเรียนฝึกพูดระดับ B2 นี้ใช้วิดีโอ “Barack Obama: Choose Hope” เป็นสื่อ วิดีโอนี้มี 258 ประโยค และ 3379 คำ สำหรับฝึกพูดตาม ช่วงที่มีเสียงพูดยาว 32:02 ผู้พูดพูดช้า ประมาณ 106 คำต่อนาที จึงมีเวลาเลียนแบบทุกเสียง มีเพียง 80% ของคำที่อยู่ใน 3,000 คำที่ใช้บ่อยที่สุดในภาษาอังกฤษ คำศัพท์จึงค่อนข้างยาก
คำศัพท์สำคัญในวิดีโอนี้
คำที่ยากที่สุด 15 คำในวิดีโอ พร้อมคำอ่านและความหมาย:
| คำศัพท์ | คำอ่าน | ความหมาย |
|---|---|---|
| fugitive คำนาม | /ˈfjuːd͡ʒɪtɪv/ | ผู้หลบหนี |
| despair คำนาม | /dɪˈspɛə(ɹ)/ | ความสิ้นหวัง, สิ้นหวัง |
| rope คำนาม | /ɹoʊp/ | เชือก |
| continent คำนาม | /ˈkɑntɪnənt/ | ทวีป |
| bend คำกริยา | /bɛnd/ | งอ |
| devote คำกริยา | /dɪˈvəʊt/ | อุทิศ |
| surround คำกริยา | /səˈɹaʊnd/ | ล้อม |
| seize คำกริยา | /ˈsiːz/ | คว้า |
| flee คำกริยา | /ˈfliː/ | หนี |
| dominate คำกริยา | /ˈdɑ.məˌneɪt/ | ปกครอง, ครอบงำ |
| bore คำกริยา | /boɹ/ | เจาะ, ไช |
| automobile คำนาม | /ˈɔː.tə.məˌbil/ | รถยนต์, รถ |
| uncertain คำคุณศัพท์ | /ʌnˈsɜɹ.tən/ | ไม่แน่นอน, คลุมเคลือ |
| honesty คำนาม | /ˈɑ.nɪ.sti/ | ความสัตย์ |
| entrepreneur คำนาม | /ˌɑn.tɹə.pɹəˈnɝ/ | ผู้ประกอบการ |
ไวยากรณ์ในวิดีโอนี้
โครงสร้างที่ผู้พูดใช้บ่อยที่สุด พร้อมคำพูดจริงจากวิดีโอ:
| โครงสร้าง | ในวิดีโอ |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + กริยาช่อง 3 — เหตุการณ์ในอดีตที่ยังเกี่ยวข้องกับปัจจุบัน | has been · has only deepened · have spoken |
| Passive voice be + กริยาช่อง 3 — เน้นสิ่งที่เกิดขึ้น ไม่ใช่ผู้กระทำ | been hired · had been battered · had been inspired |
| Relative clauses who / which + อนุประโยค — ข้อมูลเพิ่มเติมเกี่ยวกับคนหรือสิ่งของ | people who lived · men who own · those who are |
การออกเสียงที่ควรระวัง
ผู้พูดใช้รูปย่อและรูปลดเสียง 29 ครั้ง เช่น don't, they're, I'd ให้พูดแบบสั้นตามที่ได้ยิน
- เสียง “sh” และ “zh”: declaration /ˌdɛk.ləˈɹeɪ.ʃən/, abolitionist /ˌæ.bəˈlɪʃ.n̩.ɪst/, accomplish /əˈkɑm.plɪʃ/, citizenship /ˈsɪtɪzənʃɪp/, attraction /əˈtɹækʃn̩/
- คำยาว — ลงเสียงหนักให้ถูกพยางค์: declaration /ˌdɛk.ləˈɹeɪ.ʃən/, abolitionist /ˌæ.bəˈlɪʃ.n̩.ɪst/, cynicism /ˈsɪn.ɪˌsɪzəm/, relentlessly /ɹɪˈlɛntləsli/, automobile /ˈɔː.tə.məˌbil/
เสียงที่คนไทยมักออกเสียงยาก:
- เสียงท้ายคำ — ออกเสียงให้ครบ ไม่เปลี่ยนเป็นตัวสะกดแบบไทย: fugitive /ˈfjuːd͡ʒɪtɪv/, fearful /ˈfɪəfəl/, betrayal /bɪˈtɹeɪəl/, accomplish /əˈkɑm.plɪʃ/, bless /blɛs/
- /v/ — ไม่ใช่ /w/ ให้ฟันบนแตะริมฝีปากล่าง: fugitive /ˈfjuːd͡ʒɪtɪv/, reverend /ˈɹɛvɹənd/, overwhelm /ˌoʊ.vɚˈwɛlm/, devote /dɪˈvəʊt/, survivor /sɚˈvaɪvɚ/
- /z/ — เสียงก้อง ไม่ใช่ /s/: exhibit /ɪɡˈzɪbɪt/, cynicism /ˈsɪn.ɪˌsɪzəm/, seize /ˈsiːz/, visitor /ˈvɪzɪtɚ/, observe /əbˈzɜːv/
วิธีฝึกกับวิดีโอนี้
- ฟังวิดีโอให้จบหนึ่งรอบโดยยังไม่ต้องพูด แล้วจดคำที่ยังไม่รู้จัก
- พูดตามทีละประโยคด้วยความเร็วปกติ ทำซ้ำแต่ละประโยคจนจังหวะของคุณตรงกับผู้พูด
- อัดเสียงตัวเองแล้วเทียบกับต้นฉบับ โดยสังเกตคำอย่าง fugitive, despair, rope เป็นพิเศษ
เทคนิค Shadowing คืออะไร?
Shadowing เป็นเทคนิคการเรียนรู้ภาษาที่ได้รับการรับรองทางวิทยาศาสตร์ พัฒนาขึ้นสำหรับการฝึกนักแปลมืออาชีพ วิธีการนี้เรียบง่ายแต่ทรงพลัง: คุณฟังเสียงภาษาอังกฤษจากเจ้าของภาษาและพูดตามทันที — เหมือนเงาที่ตามผู้พูดด้วยช่วงเวลาห่าง 1-2 วินาที การวิจัยแสดงว่าเทคนิคนี้ปรับปรุงความแม่นยำในการออกเสียง ทำนองเสียง จังหวะ การเชื่อมเสียง การฟังเข้าใจ และความคล่องแคล่วในการพูดได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ