ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: Do You Know When To Stop Talking?
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154 ประโยค
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The best way to find out what the other person wants to say is to listen.
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And the best counseling session is usually the one in which the leader talks the least.
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Listening is more important than just not talking.
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It requires an active effort to convey that you understand and are interested in what the person is saying.
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A friendly expression and an attentive but relaxed attitude are important.
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Make use of phrases like, can you give me an example or can you tell me more?
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Give some other stuff in here.
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The leader must be careful not to place himself in the position of appearing to be the all -knowing judge
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and end up treating the Marine like a child.
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Let's give some good advice here.
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Avoid responses like, you really blew that one, or that sure was stupid.
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That's one of those ones where I was like, who wrote that part of the book?
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Most leaders tend to correct a subordinate when he says something
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that is obviously wrong to set the Marine straight on what he may say.
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If you yield to this temptation, he may just clam up
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and not discuss the problem at all important one with your kids kids tell you about something that's going wrong
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and you immediately jump down their throat bad move they're not you're not gonna hear anything not just in
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that conversation you're not gonna hear anything from them again
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so you got to keep them keep them in the game
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uh one of the most frequent errors made by inexperienced counselors
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is transforming the counseling session into a game of 20 questions avoid questions
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that are yes
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or no direct questions
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this gets in a little bit of the indirect approach direct
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questions unless necessary for seeking information as frequently used in interview
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techniques can also tend to pin a person down make him uncomfortable
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and even result in his not revealing fully the root of the problem consequently only partial assistance can be given
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and the basic problem often remains unresolved neither the marine nor
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the counselor confronts the real problem a more subtle approach is
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needed with gently gentle probing indirect applied by such questions as would you care to clarify
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that for me what would you you said your wife hates you question mark i was like okay cool
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a leader might ask how can i solve someone else's problems when i can't even solve my own
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he can't the purpose of counseling is not to solve a person's problems
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but to help him solve his own problems too often the
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concerned leader unknowingly causes harm by telling the follower what to
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do instead of helping him work out of the problem for himself again
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this is great parenting advice work out of the problem himself
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and reach his own decisions develop a sense of responsibility among
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your subordinates be careful not to be become overly involved in
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the helping process your subordinates must learn to stand on their own two feet
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and take responsibility for their own personal problems don't always expect
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to know what to do in every situation don't feel embarrassed
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if you don't know how to handle the case don't be
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too proud to ask someone else make referrals the most important thing is to help the marine know your limitations
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if the decision is made to seek expert help you should
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become involved in the referral to the next to the extent
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that you ensure contact between your subordinate and the next
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and the helping expert or agency
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so you got to know it's like hey
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this is not my this is not my thing it's not my area of expertise
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and i'll close this book out with this the counseling session does not end
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when the marine leaves your presence a more important responsibility remains for you
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and that is to follow up inform him of the results of your efforts
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if you fail to do this he may believe you just don't care about his problems
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and he will be reluctant to seek help the problem is passed down on someone else
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it's forgotten what impression of you
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and your company is drawn from this not only by the marine
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but the other members of the unit also how will this affect him in doing his job
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he might say to heck with it morale
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and spirit do not grow from such examples
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they breed further problems requiring more leader time with marines often being blamed for creating them
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when they may have been caused by an ineffective display of leadership show
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That you care and that's the closer right there show that you care
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Really truly Mark of a good leader and I was up at council with that's on front.
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I was talking about the The most common thread when you when I think about the leaders that I had
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There's one common thread
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That was I cared about they cared about the boys cared about me and I knew they cared about me
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So showing that you care.
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That's the truly unifying mark of a good leader
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And you know just from I look these are I
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Don't know it doesn't seem like you echo Charles see these as super abstract leadership
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Examples just because they're in the Marine Corps and you were never in the military
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And they apply to everything
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Leadership these leadership things apply to everything how how you interact with your family how you interact with your kids
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How you interact with your friends, your coworkers, your subordinates, your peers, your boss.
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It's everything.
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And by the way, it's also you.
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You are in a lead you're in a leadership position with you
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You're the you're the general you're the soldiers too,
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but you're the general and Every decision that you make is it has impact and Learning the skills of leadership
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They look do they apply to your family?
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Yes.
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Do they apply to your your co -workers and your boss?
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So yeah, they implied all those things but but really
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if you're paying attention the leadership skills
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that we talk about they have to be applied to you as an individual
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you have to apply them to yourself and
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if you're not applying these leadership skills to yourself and applying these leadership principles and living these leadership principles
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everyone else can see that and and it's a problem so apply as always make yourself
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always start by making yourself the aim of these leadership principles
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and that does include being disciplined it includes living discipline
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and the cornerstone of discipline echo charles health
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and fitness means we're working out we're lifting we're training we're sprinting we're training jiu -jitsu
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and by the way training jiu -jitsu are you training jiu -jitsu echo charles
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you know here in there yes for sure
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there's a something called the origin usa immersion camp yeah
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it's freaking awesome it is august 23rd through the 28th
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it's up in maine on a lake a beautiful lake in a beautiful setting
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and it's jujitsu how many jujitsu classes are there a day three three days
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or sorry three sessions three sessions a day of jujitsu some
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of it's rolling some of it's you know um technique some of it's both
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some of it's ecological training the whole nine yards you're gonna get
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it all i would say this about the training it's anything you want
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so it's like this big buffet of like literally which is guided, you know, you gotta gi,
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no gi, gi, but you don't necessarily have to roll in the gi or roll in the no gi or whatever.
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You could do 20 minutes of jiu -jitsu a day.
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You could do zero, technically you could do zero jiu -jitsu a day, or you could probably do seven hours of jiu -jitsu a day.
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Yep, however much you want, any day you want.
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And it could be white belts, it could be blue belts, it could be purple belts, it could be brown belts,
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it could be black belts you got all kinds of people to train with
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and there's freaking epic food I don't know the food is awesome it's like camp food
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but it's awesome yeah like good camp
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barbecues everyone's hanging out stories like it's just it's just a good time
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it's an awesome time hang out with a bunch of people
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and that is August 23rd through the 28th up in Maine you can fly into Portland
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or you can fly into Boston it's like two
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and a half hours from Boston
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it's probably what from Portland hour hour 10 hour 10 maybe hour 15 from portland maine but
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if you want to come up there we'll be up
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there i'll be up there you'll be up there echo charles
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we teach up there it's one of the few times
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you got mad at me no it's one of the few times
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that you've freaking committed a violation i committed it i i went
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i stepped across the line yep as much smack as i talked to echo charles what was the other time
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i i went across line because you always i only remember
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that one yeah there's one time you cross line with me on the other time
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you you like lost your temper
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or you like got annoyed overtly what was it about um we're talking about working out
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and i think you didn't understand what i was saying
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because you know my my knowledge is very vast
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and it becomes very complex and you didn't understand it
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and then you were like what the hell are you talking
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about what were you saying remember the the the what it was the expression moving your body through space oh
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we're talking doing legs and you're like blah blah blah
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and there's categories of of whatever and i was explaining it to you
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and you just you kind of got lost in the woods you know mentally couldn't understand what i'm saying
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and then oh this is that was on the podcast too wasn't it
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while we're recording so if anyone wants to hear me lose my mind it's
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because because echo charles was talking about moving your body through space i remember right i didn't know that
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that was actually like an expression it was a thing yeah
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it's a thing like i've seen in other places now correct
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so you and truth be told in all fairness did you lose your temper no
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but you went from you colored outside the lines as far as you know like being
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you know keeping it playful but um
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like there was genuine irritation in your uh behavior kind i can i can see how
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that would just hit me wrong
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you know what i mean especially with the with the with the uh let's say the tone
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that you would have which the tone that you have sometimes by the way
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when you start exploring your vast knowledge about working out there's a lot of confidence
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that comes in a lot of confidence
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you know what i'm saying you know we could say it's borderline arrogant so probably that Well, okay.
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Yeah. And yeah.
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Okay.
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I understand.
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คำศัพท์และข้อสังเกตด้านการพูดสำหรับบทเรียนนี้
บทเรียนฝึกพูดนี้ใช้วิดีโอ “Do You Know When To Stop Talking?” เป็นสื่อ คำที่ถูกพูดซ้ำบ่อยที่สุด: leadership, leader, marine วิดีโอนี้มี 154 ประโยค และ 1888 คำ สำหรับฝึกพูดตาม ช่วงที่มีเสียงพูดยาว 10:02 ผู้พูดพูดเร็ว ประมาณ 188 คำต่อนาที จึงมีการเชื่อมเสียงและลดเสียงค่อนข้างมาก 86% ของคำอยู่ใน 3,000 คำที่ใช้บ่อยที่สุดในภาษาอังกฤษ ส่วนที่เหลือควรดูไว้ก่อนเริ่มฝึก
คำศัพท์สำคัญในวิดีโอนี้
คำที่ควรเรียนรู้ 15 คำจากวิดีโอ พร้อมคำอ่านและความหมาย:
| คำศัพท์ | คำอ่าน | ความหมาย |
|---|---|---|
| echo คำนาม | /ˈɛk.oʊ/ | เสียงสะท้อน |
| belt คำนาม | /ˈbɛlt/ | เข็มขัด |
| solve คำกริยา | /sɒlv/ | แก้, แก้ไข |
| principle คำนาม | /ˈpɹɪn.sɪ.pəl/ | หลัก, คติ |
| discipline คำนาม | /ˈdɪsəplɪn/ | วินัย |
| vast คำคุณศัพท์ | /væst/ | ว้างเวิ้ง, ไพศาล |
| technique คำนาม | /tɛkˈniːk/ | เทคนิค, กลเม็ด |
| thread คำนาม | /ˈθɹɛd/ | ด้าย, เชือก |
| necessarily คำกริยาวิเศษณ์ | /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/ | ต้อง |
| extent คำนาม | /ɪkˈstɛnt/ | ขอบข่าย, ขนาด |
| harm คำนาม | /hɑːm/ | ความเสียหาย |
| reveal คำกริยา | /ɹɪˈviːl/ | เปิดเผย |
| worker คำนาม | /ˈwɝ.kɚ/ | คนงาน, กรรมกร |
| genuine คำคุณศัพท์ | /ˈd͡ʒɛn.juˌɪn/ | จริง, แท้ |
| epic คำนาม | /ˈɛp.ɪk/ | มหากาพย์ |
ประโยคที่ควรฝึกพูดซ้ำ
ประโยคสั้น ๆ ที่สมบูรณ์จากวิดีโอ ซึ่งนำไปใช้ในบทสนทนาประจำวันได้:
- Let's give some good advice here.
- They look do they apply to your family?
- Do they apply to your your co -workers and your boss?
การออกเสียงที่ควรระวัง
ผู้พูดใช้รูปย่อและรูปลดเสียง 49 ครั้ง เช่น you're, don't, we're ให้พูดแบบสั้นตามที่ได้ยิน
- เสียง “th”: thread /ˈθɹɛd/, throat /ˈθɹoʊt/
- เสียง “sh” และ “zh”: impression /ɪmˈpɹɛʃn̩/, partial /ˈpɑɹʃəl/, violation /ˌvaɪ.əˈleɪ.ʃən/, temptation /ˌtɛmpˈteɪʃən/, limitation /lɪmɪˈteɪʃən/
- คำยาว — ลงเสียงหนักให้ถูกพยางค์: necessarily /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/, uncomfortable /ʌnˈkʌm.fɚ.tə.bl̩/, violation /ˌvaɪ.əˈleɪ.ʃən/, technically /ˈtɛk.nɪˌkəl.i/, consequently /ˈkɑnsɪˌkwɛntli/
เสียงที่คนไทยมักออกเสียงยาก:
- เสียงท้ายคำ — ออกเสียงให้ครบ ไม่เปลี่ยนเป็นตัวสะกดแบบไทย: solve /sɒlv/, counsel /ˈkaʊn.səl/, skill /skɪl/, principle /ˈpɹɪn.sɪ.pəl/, referral /ɹɪˈfɜː.ɹəl/
- /v/ — ไม่ใช่ /w/ ให้ฟันบนแตะริมฝีปากล่าง: solve /sɒlv/, vast /væst/, reveal /ɹɪˈviːl/, violation /ˌvaɪ.əˈleɪ.ʃən/, convey /kənˈveɪ/
- /z/ — เสียงก้อง ไม่ใช่ /s/: phrase /ˈfɹeɪ̯z/, expertise /ˌɛkspɜːˈtiːz/
วิธีฝึกกับวิดีโอนี้
- ฟังวิดีโอให้จบหนึ่งรอบโดยยังไม่ต้องพูด แล้วจดคำที่ยังไม่รู้จัก
- เริ่มที่ความเร็ว 0.75× พูดตามทีละประโยค แล้วกลับไปใช้ความเร็วปกติเมื่อเริ่มคล่อง
- อัดเสียงตัวเองแล้วเทียบกับต้นฉบับ โดยสังเกตคำอย่าง echo, belt, solve เป็นพิเศษ
เทคนิค Shadowing คืออะไร?
Shadowing เป็นเทคนิคการเรียนรู้ภาษาที่ได้รับการรับรองทางวิทยาศาสตร์ พัฒนาขึ้นสำหรับการฝึกนักแปลมืออาชีพ วิธีการนี้เรียบง่ายแต่ทรงพลัง: คุณฟังเสียงภาษาอังกฤษจากเจ้าของภาษาและพูดตามทันที — เหมือนเงาที่ตามผู้พูดด้วยช่วงเวลาห่าง 1-2 วินาที การวิจัยแสดงว่าเทคนิคนี้ปรับปรุงความแม่นยำในการออกเสียง ทำนองเสียง จังหวะ การเชื่อมเสียง การฟังเข้าใจ และความคล่องแคล่วในการพูดได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ