ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: GCSE Maths - Alternate, Corresponding and Allied Angles - Parallel Lines Angle Rules (2026/27 exams)
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Thank you.
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In this video, we're going to cover how you can use the rules of alternate angles, corresponding angles, and allied angles.
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Importantly though, we only use these rules in one specific scenario.
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which is where we have two parallel lines running alongside each other like this, and then another line, which we can call a transversal, cutting through them both.
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Whenever this happens, we end up with two groups of angles.
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One here at the bottom, and another one here at the top.
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And there are four important points that you want to notice about these angles.
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The first is that both groups of angles are both exactly the same.
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For example, in this case, they both have a 120 degree, a 60 degree, another 120 degree, and another 60 degree angle.
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The second point is that each group only contains two different angles.
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In this case, 60 degree angles.
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and 120 degree angles.
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The third point is that the two different angles will always add up to 180 degrees.
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For example here, where our angles are 60 degrees and 120 degrees, These two add up to 180 degrees.
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And the last point is that vertically opposite angles are always the same.
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For example, these two 60 degree angles are considered vertically opposite which is why they're both 60 degrees.
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and likewise these two 120 degree angles are also vertically opposite.
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Now, as long as you properly understand all of these rules, You can use this knowledge to work out unknown angles if one of them is missing.
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For example, if we had to find this angle here, marked x.
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we'd be able to tell that it's 60 degrees.
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Either because it's opposite this 60 degree angle, and we know that vertically opposite angles are always equal,
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or because we know that it has to add to this 120 degrees to make 180.
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To help with more complicated questions though, there are three more rules that are worth memorizing.
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The first rule is that alternate angles are the same.
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And what I mean by alternate angles is the two angles found in the corners of a Z shape like this.
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For example, if we look at our diagram, we can see that the Z shape is here.
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even though it's been flipped around in this case.
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And so it's these two 60 -degree angles that we consider alternate angles.
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The second rule is pretty similar, but says that corresponding angles are the same.
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and corresponding angles are these two angles that you find in an F shape.
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For example, on our diagram, the F shape is here.
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So these two 60 degree angles are corresponding angles.
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The third rule is that allied angles add up to 180 degrees.
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and allied angles are just the interior angles of a C shape.
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So in this diagram, these two angles would add together to make 180 degrees.
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We also sometimes call these co -interior angles, or just interior angles.
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So just know that allied, co -interior and interior all mean the same thing here.
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If we look on our main diagram, we can see one of these C shapes here.
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So the allied angles would be this 60 degrees, and this is 120 degrees.
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which indeed do add together to make 180.
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One thing to point out with all of these rules is that you'll sometimes see them in other orientations.
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like flip it around, in which case they'll be harder to spot.
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But as long as they have the same combination of two parallel lines and one transversal, then the rules are going to be the same.
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To see how it all works in practice, let's have a go at this exam question.
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So in this question we have a pair of parallel lines
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AB and CD and then a transversal that cuts through the two of them.
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and we need to find the missing angles x and y Now, because of all of the different rules that we can use, there are normally multiple ways that we can do questions like this.
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And so there's no one correct way of doing it.
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The way I would do it though is notice that this section here is like a backwards C shape.
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and do the 135 degrees and the x are allied or co -interior angles.
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which means that they must add together to make 180 degrees.
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So we now know that 135 plus x equals 180.
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which means that x is 45 degrees.
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And then because y is vertically opposite x, we know that y must be 45 degrees as well.
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Anyway, that's the end of this video.
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So like always, if you want to practice questions on any of this stuff, then head over to our platform.
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If you want to go to this particular lesson, then click on the link down in the description below.
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Or if you want to see our platform in general, then click on the link in the top right corner of this screen.
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Otherwise, we'll see you next time.
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Vocabulary and speaking notes for this lesson
This B1 speaking lesson is built on the video “GCSE Maths - Alternate, Corresponding and Allied Angles - Parallel Lines Angle Rules”. The speaker keeps coming back to these words: angle, degree, rule, shape, add. This video has 59 sentences and 817 words to shadow. The speech runs for 5:34. The speaker talks at a steady 147 words per minute, a comfortable pace for shadowing. 86% of the words are among the 3,000 most common in English; the rest is worth studying before you start.
Key vocabulary in this video
The 15 most advanced words in the video, with pronunciation and meaning:
| Word | Pronunciation | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| ally noun | /ˈæl.aɪ/ | A person who co-operates with or helps another; an associate; a friend. |
| vertically adverb | /ˈvɝ.tɪ.kəli/ | In a vertical direction or position. |
| correspond verb | /ˌkoɹəˈspɑnd/ | To be equivalent or similar in character, quantity, quality, origin, structure, function etc. |
| diagram noun | /ˈdaɪ.ə.ɡɹæm/ | A plan, drawing, sketch or outline to show the function or operation of something, or to show the relationships between the parts of a whole. |
| alternate adjective | /ˈɔl.tɚ.nət/ | Happening by turns; one following the other in succession of time or place; first one and then the other (repeatedly). |
| transversal noun | /tɹænsˈvɝsəl/ | A line which traverses or intersects any system of other lines transversely. |
| parallel adjective | /ˈpæ.ɹəˌlɛl/ | Equally distant from one another at all points. |
| flip verb | /flɪp/ | To throw so as to turn over. |
| memorize verb | /ˈmɛm.əˌɹaɪ̯z/ | To fully learn so as to have entirely available to the memory; to learn by heart, commit to memory. |
| backward adjective | /ˈbækwɚd/ | Situated toward or at the rear of something. |
| likewise adverb | /ˈlaɪkˌwaɪz/ | In a similar manner. |
| orientation noun | /ˌɔː.ɹi.ənˈteɪ.ʃən/ | The determination of the relative position of something or someone. |
| importantly adverb | /ɪmˈpɔɹ.tənt.li/ | Used to mark a statement as having importance. |
| scenario noun | /sɪˈnɛəɹioʊ/ | An outline or model of an expected or supposed sequence of events. |
| examination noun | /ɪɡˌzæm.ɪˈneɪ.ʃən/ | The act of examining. |
Phrasal verbs you will hear
| Word | Pronunciation | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| add up to verb | To have a particular effect in combination. | |
| cut through verb | To take a shortcut through. | |
| work out verb | /ˌwɝk ˈaʊt/ | To calculate. |
ไวยากรณ์ในวิดีโอนี้
โครงสร้างที่ผู้พูดใช้บ่อยที่สุด พร้อมคำพูดจริงจากวิดีโอ:
| โครงสร้าง | ในวิดีโอ |
|---|---|
| Passive voice be + กริยาช่อง 3 — เน้นสิ่งที่เกิดขึ้น ไม่ใช่ผู้กระทำ | are considered · been flipped · are allied |
| อนาคตด้วย “will” will + กริยา — การตัดสินใจ คำสัญญา หรือการคาดการณ์ | will always add · you'll sometimes see · they'll be |
| ความจำเป็น: must / have to / need to บอกว่าสิ่งใดจำเป็นต้องทำ | had to find · has to add · need to find |
| Present continuous am/is/are + -ing — สิ่งที่กำลังเกิดขึ้นตอนนี้หรือช่วงนี้ | is missing · are corresponding |
Pronunciation to watch
The speaker uses 6 contractions and reduced forms, such as they'll, they're, we'd. Say them the short way, as you hear them.
- The “sh” and “zh” sounds: orientation /ˌɔː.ɹi.ənˈteɪ.ʃən/, examination /ɪɡˌzæm.ɪˈneɪ.ʃən/
- Long words — get the stress right: vertically /ˈvɝ.tɪ.kəli/, orientation /ˌɔː.ɹi.ənˈteɪ.ʃən/, importantly /ɪmˈpɔɹ.tənt.li/, examination /ɪɡˌzæm.ɪˈneɪ.ʃən/
How to practise with this video
- Listen to the whole video once without speaking and note the words you do not know.
- Shadow it sentence by sentence at normal speed, repeating each one until your rhythm matches the speaker.
- Record yourself and compare with the original, paying attention to words like ally, vertically, correspond.
เทคนิค Shadowing คืออะไร?
Shadowing เป็นเทคนิคการเรียนรู้ภาษาที่ได้รับการรับรองทางวิทยาศาสตร์ พัฒนาขึ้นสำหรับการฝึกนักแปลมืออาชีพ วิธีการนี้เรียบง่ายแต่ทรงพลัง: คุณฟังเสียงภาษาอังกฤษจากเจ้าของภาษาและพูดตามทันที — เหมือนเงาที่ตามผู้พูดด้วยช่วงเวลาห่าง 1-2 วินาที การวิจัยแสดงว่าเทคนิคนี้ปรับปรุงความแม่นยำในการออกเสียง ทำนองเสียง จังหวะ การเชื่อมเสียง การฟังเข้าใจ และความคล่องแคล่วในการพูดได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ