ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: People Are Mad They're Told to Learn
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194 ประโยค
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1
So I was, you know, surfing on the old Twitters, and I saw this tweet that wrote a practical introduction to SimD using real examples from Ghosty,
2
and I thought, hey, that's pretty cool.
3
But here's the thing, is that often my projects, I don't really feel like need SimD anywhere.
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In fact, I took a flame graph of the game I'm making, and only 0.83% of the entire time, I'm actually in the update function.
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I don't really feel like I have a huge need, you know, to learn the old SIMDs, whatever.
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Hey, cool post though.
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But then the next day, this got posted.
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My SIMD post was on Hacker News
9
and the general hostility towards understanding how computers work and owning your own outcomes is really depressing.
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A large amount of people seem to simply have the attitude that they hope someone else will pay their bills for them.
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It can't be that bad, right?
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The vast majority of developers have zero need for learning SIMD.
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Why mislead them and make them feel like to be a real developer?
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You have to know it.
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what?
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So an article about SIMD is making people feel like, what am I reading?
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So obviously at this point, I had to go and actually learn SIMD because, you know, whether you like this or not, I've never actually used SIMD in any sort of practical use case.
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I've understood what it was.
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I've called functions that have been SIMD themselves.
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I have just never personally hand wrote anything to do with it.
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So I thought, hey, given the fact that Hacker News hates it, I probably need to give this a shot and learn about it.
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So today you're going to A, have to learn about it, but B, we got some hot takes, okay?
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So I got to talk about this whole thing.
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Because honestly, why are you misleading them, Mitchell?
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Also, just in case anyone's wondering, I'm not going to make the joke that everybody thinks I'm going to make involving SimD, okay?
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Not going to happen.
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And I'd also like to say thank you to the sponsors.
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Vibe Coders, silence.
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Someone who's worked in enterprise is speaking.
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You know, simple OAuth sign-in's not that bad to program.
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For real enterprise applications that need single sign-on, pass keys, user management, roles and permission, enterprise readiness, and passwords, and recovery,
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that's a little bit more difficult.
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And that is where WorkOS comes in.
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WorkOS is trusted by a lot of the top companies, OpenAI, Anthropic, Cursor, and a whole lot more.
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But not only that, it's free for your first million users.
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So that means for you, that is 999,999 free seats available.
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Pretty much no matter what backend you have chosen, there is an SDK available for you.
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So go check out WorkOS at workos.com.
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Links in the description.
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So the article's called Everyone Should Know SIMD.
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Now, obviously this became the immediate focal point.
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The fact that he said everyone should know SIMD, people just got pissed off.
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How dare you say everyone? and it's just like, okay, here's a great concept.
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And honestly, it would be really good.
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The more people know when programming, right?
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I don't think anyone should ever argue that everybody should try
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and attempt to know as much as possible so they can make the best quality software out there.
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And so when someone says, Hey, everybody should know this.
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It's like, okay, I mean, maybe I should know this.
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But instead, people were genuinely upset about that.
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Good article, but I wouldn't start off with a bold sentence such as SIMD can be simple to understand.
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And there you go.
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That's the second big one.
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People hate the fact that he calls it simple.
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Just read the article though.
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SIMD has a reputation for being complex.
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I've met many a good software engineers who dismiss it as something too complex to learn
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or a niche optimization meant only for the highest performance software, not useful in everyday programming.
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I think that's wrong.
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SIMD can be simple to understand.
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And there's a lot of versions of that comment.
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It was all over Twitter as well.
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Like, how could you say that everybody should know something?
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Or how could you say it was easy or simple to understand?
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It's complex.
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And it's funny because by saying it that way, his first line was, in fact, kind of made obvious.
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So me, who's never really understood what SIMD was, I figured, you know what?
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Why don't I learn what SIMD is?
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Why don't I give it a try, come up with a quick problem, and see if I can make something disproportionately faster, and then I can judge.
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Is SimD difficult?
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Is it some magical beast?
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Or really, was that all that bad at all?
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All right, so let's go to the white board.
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Oh, gosh.
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Oh, Dario.
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Dario, stop doing that, Dario.
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Don't do that.
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Okay, here, hold on.
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That's the wrong one, wrong one.
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So I thought, what could be a good SimD project?
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Well, SimD, you want to do some action that you need to do over a long for loop,
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but you have to do like the same comparison a bunch or some same operation over and over again.
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At least that's what I thought in my head.
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So I thought, okay, a good project would probably be, I have these long log files that I want to be able to find the individual logs out.
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And I want to be able to go over this whole list.
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And you know, you just generally have to keep doing this over and over and over again.
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And it doesn't really matter how long this line is.
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It just matters that, yes, we just have to do this over and over again up until the, you know, slash end.
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And again, I'm not gonna make the joke that everybody thinks I'm gonna make.
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So I figured I would just create a program
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that would find each one of these new lines and be able to parse out this delicious JSON.
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I dropped the actual parsing of JSON, but instead just looked for the new lines
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because I wanted to see how much faster could I make the new line looking.
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Next, I actually had to learn what SIMD was.
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In the most simple sense, effectively, you can operate instead of on a singular value, say X, you operate on a vector, right?
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So pretend you have a vector of X, Y, Z, you could operate on all of these at once.
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Let's just say you wanted to compare, say, finding a new line.
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Well, what I'd have to do is I'd have to load up a vector with three new lines, kind of like my example, and then in one single CPU operation now this is not
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a single cpu cycle cpus are like magic to me i have no idea what's going on underneath there
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but one i'm just going to call it an operation a
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single operation can compare this vector to this new line
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and then it can produce out for you a new vector
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that's going to say hey this is uh the new lines
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no new line in the first position there was a new
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line in the second position there there was no new line in the third position.
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So I can actually take that and go, okay, was there a new line?
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Oh, there was.
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That means I need to find out where the new line was within my vector, and then I can return that.
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And that's because SIMD literally stands for single instruction, multiple data.
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And you can see that right here.
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You can see the fact that I have multiple data and I'm doing a single instruction.
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Are these equal?
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So I didn't really know how to do that, but I just followed exactly what was inside the blog post.
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First, I have to create the constants and initialize any vector stuff.
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I have to loop over the input one vector chunk at a time.
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I perform the comparison.
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I reduce it down to something that I can actually use.
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And then I just handle the remaining bits at the very, very end.
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That actually feels, well, pretty straightforward.
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So this is the naive implementation.
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This is how I would have implemented it if I did not use SIMD.
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I'm gonna go over the entire data starting at some point, and I'm gonna go and just say, hey, are you a new line?
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And if you are, then this is the spot.
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Else I say, hey, no new line found, the end.
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This is your very classic index of approach.
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Then of course, I just created something to look for all the new lines and just go over all of them.
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I'm sure there's better way of testing the code.
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This was good enough for me.
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And when I had run the program, as you can see here, it would take about 1.54 seconds.
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Okay, not that long.
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And this is the SIMD version.
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Yes, it is a lot larger.
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It's a little bit more tedious to do, but when you break it down into the five steps, it's actually pretty simple.
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Step one, the broadcast part.
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Broadcast just means I need to create that constant.
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Remember how I talked about this new line constant?
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Well, I do it right here.
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I go, okay, I need to create effectively a byte array that's lanes big.
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Lanes in this case is how many bytes can I fit in my SIMD operations?
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SIMD turns out to be kind of CPU dependent my CPU can do 256 bits of SIMD operations.
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So I can do effectively 16 of them at a time if they're byte wide, meaning they're eight bits wide.
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So this is my little array, 16 eight bit items.
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Then I just simply create 16 new line bytes and whatever value that is, I think it's hex A.
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Hex A, new line.
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Okay, I'm a genius.
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Actual genius of useless information, of course.
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Number two, instead of iterating, say one byte at a time, I iterate lanes by data time lanes, of course, is how big my Cindy operation is.
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In this particular case, it's 16.
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So I'm doing 16 bytes at a time, instead of one byte at a time.
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From there, I actually just create my little value array, I just slice off 16 bytes from my array and go, okay, you are now a SIMD vector.
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From there, I just simply see are these equal, I take all my new lines
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and compare to all my values in like one single operation instead of doing that little tight for loop.
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It's just lit I'm doing 16 operations at once.
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It's kind of cool.
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Extract most significant bits just really checks for any values that has a one in it.
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Since all my values should equal zero, if there's no new lines, if there is a new lines, one of them will equal a one, it will grab out that most significant bit.
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And by doing a cardinality check, if it's not zero, if they're not all zeros, then I have at least one one, then I need to go there and find
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that one once then I have to manually go through my little SIMD vector and I have to go, okay, which one of you are one and then the first one I find, that's where the new line is.
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If I don't find a new line, I just add lanes to the end of end.
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So I'm just incrementing it 16 at a time.
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So at the very end, you have to do this, which is kind of funny.
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It's called the scalar tail, which makes a lot of sense if you think about it.
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Let's just say you have seven bytes remaining.
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Well, you can't create something that's 16 long from seven bytes.
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Okay, so then instead, I have to just manually walk the remaining seven.
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And by doing it that way, if I simply just run this, you can see it's like massively faster.
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And so yes, am I going to be using SIMD anytime soon?
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Probably not.
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I have virtually no problems with performance inside the game I'm making.
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But now I kind of know the shape I need to have.
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And now I see why I'm gonna want to use structure of arrays versus array of structures,
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because there is a huge possibility I could have some mega wins and some future performance optimizations.
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And honestly, it kind of feels cool.
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I have to say, it does feel kind of neat.
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So should everybody know about SIMD?
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Yeah, why not?
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It took me an hour to go really learn everything and program up an example and debug it a little bit, not that bad.
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You can do, Chat Shippity can tell you all about what you need to do.
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It's actually pretty straightforward.
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You can ask infinity questions.
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At the end of the day, which one would you rather have?
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Maybe a little too much knowledge, knowledge that you don't often use or don't need to use, and you just simply kind of disregard it, but you have it kind of floating in the back of your head,
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like Dykstra's shortest algorithm, just floating in the back of my head, okay?
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Priority queue.
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Or would you rather be this guy?
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The vast majority of developers have zero need for learning SIMD.
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Why mislead them?
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At the end of the day, I'd rather work with the person that wants to know more.
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I'd rather be the person that wants to know more.
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And if I never use SIMD and knowing this was completely useless throughout my entire life, I'm happy I know it.
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The name is, did you know that Go 1.6 right here, as you can see right here, new experimental SIMD, ArchSIMD package?
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Did you know that Go, even Go, it now has SIMD support?
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Obviously, you know what that means, right?
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That means we can sim these nuts on your face again.
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คำศัพท์และข้อสังเกตด้านการพูดสำหรับบทเรียนนี้
บทเรียนฝึกพูดระดับ B2 นี้ใช้วิดีโอ “People Are Mad They're Told to Learn” เป็นสื่อ คำที่ถูกพูดซ้ำบ่อยที่สุด: Simd, byte, vector, operation วิดีโอนี้มี 194 ประโยค และ 2368 คำ สำหรับฝึกพูดตาม ช่วงที่มีเสียงพูดยาว 11:30 ผู้พูดพูดเร็ว ประมาณ 206 คำต่อนาที จึงมีการเชื่อมเสียงและลดเสียงค่อนข้างมาก 83% ของคำอยู่ใน 3,000 คำที่ใช้บ่อยที่สุดในภาษาอังกฤษ ส่วนที่เหลือควรดูไว้ก่อนเริ่มฝึก จากทั้งหมด 194 ประโยค มี 33 ประโยคเป็นคำถาม จึงเหมาะสำหรับฝึกน้ำเสียงประโยคคำถามและการตอบสั้น ๆ
คำศัพท์สำคัญในวิดีโอนี้
คำที่ยากที่สุด 12 คำในวิดีโอ พร้อมคำอ่านและความหมาย:
| คำศัพท์ | คำอ่าน | ความหมาย |
|---|---|---|
| byte คำนาม | /baɪt/ | ไบต์ |
| vector คำนาม | /ˈvɛktɚ/ | เวกเตอร์ |
| cardinality คำนาม | /kɑɹdɪˈnælɪti/ | ภาวะเชิงการนับ |
| naive คำคุณศัพท์ | /naɪˈiv/ | ไร้เดียงสา, นาอีฟ |
| queue คำนาม | /kju/ | คิว |
| infinity คำนาม | /ɪnˈfɪnɪti/ | อนันต์ |
| depressing คำคุณศัพท์ | /dɪˈpɹɛsɪŋ/ | น่าหดหู่, น่าเศร้า |
| slice คำนาม | /slaɪs/ | ชิ้น |
| algorithm คำนาม | /ˈælɡəɹɪðm̩/ | ขั้นตอนวิธี, อัลกอริทึม |
| graph คำนาม | /ɡɹæf/ | กราฟ |
| password คำนาม | /ˈpæs.wɜɹd/ | รหัสผ่าน, รหัส |
| flame คำนาม | /fleɪm/ | เปลวไฟ, อัคนิคณะ |
กริยาวลีที่คุณจะได้ยิน
| คำศัพท์ | ความหมาย |
|---|---|
| log out คำกริยา | ล็อกเอาต์ |
ประโยคที่ควรฝึกพูดซ้ำ
ประโยคสั้น ๆ ที่สมบูรณ์จากวิดีโอ ซึ่งนำไปใช้ในบทสนทนาประจำวันได้:
- I've understood what it was.
- How dare you say everyone?
- All right, so let's go to the white board.
- At least that's what I thought in my head.
- Remember how I talked about this new line constant?
ไวยากรณ์ในวิดีโอนี้
โครงสร้างที่ผู้พูดใช้บ่อยที่สุด พร้อมคำพูดจริงจากวิดีโอ:
| โครงสร้าง | ในวิดีโอ |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + กริยาช่อง 3 — เหตุการณ์ในอดีตที่ยังเกี่ยวข้องกับปัจจุบัน | I've understood · I've called · have chosen |
| Relative clauses who / which + อนุประโยค — ข้อมูลเพิ่มเติมเกี่ยวกับคนหรือสิ่งของ | this, which is · tail, which makes |
การออกเสียงที่ควรระวัง
ผู้พูดใช้รูปย่อและรูปลดเสียง 50 ครั้ง เช่น I'm, don't, gonna ให้พูดแบบสั้นตามที่ได้ยิน
- เสียง “th”: algorithm /ˈælɡəɹɪðm̩/, underneath /ˌʌndɚˈniθ/
- เสียง “sh” และ “zh”: optimization /ˌɑptəmaɪˈzeɪʃən/, instruction /ɪnˈstɹʌkʃən/, disproportionately /ˈdɪs.pɹəˌpɔɹ.ʃən.ət.li/, initialize /ɪˈnɪʃəlaɪz/, gosh /ɡɑːʃ/
- คำยาว — ลงเสียงหนักให้ถูกพยางค์: developer /dɪˈvɛləpɚ/, optimization /ˌɑptəmaɪˈzeɪʃən/, manually /ˈmænj(u)əliː/, cardinality /kɑɹdɪˈnælɪti/, disproportionately /ˈdɪs.pɹəˌpɔɹ.ʃən.ət.li/
เสียงที่คนไทยมักออกเสียงยาก:
- เสียงท้ายคำ — ออกเสียงให้ครบ ไม่เปลี่ยนเป็นตัวสะกดแบบไทย: lanes /leɪnz/, parse /pɑɹs/, initialize /ɪˈnɪʃəlaɪz/, tedious /ˈtiː.dɪəs/, readiness /ˈɹɛdinəs/
- /v/ — ไม่ใช่ /w/ ให้ฟันบนแตะริมฝีปากล่าง: vector /ˈvɛktɚ/, developer /dɪˈvɛləpɚ/, massively /ˈmæs.ɪv.li/, naive /naɪˈiv/, vibe /vaɪb/
- /z/ — เสียงก้อง ไม่ใช่ /s/: lanes /leɪnz/, optimization /ˌɑptəmaɪˈzeɪʃən/, initialize /ɪˈnɪʃəlaɪz/
วิธีฝึกกับวิดีโอนี้
- ฟังวิดีโอให้จบหนึ่งรอบโดยยังไม่ต้องพูด แล้วจดคำที่ยังไม่รู้จัก
- เริ่มที่ความเร็ว 0.75× พูดตามทีละประโยค แล้วกลับไปใช้ความเร็วปกติเมื่อเริ่มคล่อง
- อัดเสียงตัวเองแล้วเทียบกับต้นฉบับ โดยสังเกตคำอย่าง byte, vector, cardinality เป็นพิเศษ
เทคนิค Shadowing คืออะไร?
Shadowing เป็นเทคนิคการเรียนรู้ภาษาที่ได้รับการรับรองทางวิทยาศาสตร์ พัฒนาขึ้นสำหรับการฝึกนักแปลมืออาชีพ วิธีการนี้เรียบง่ายแต่ทรงพลัง: คุณฟังเสียงภาษาอังกฤษจากเจ้าของภาษาและพูดตามทันที — เหมือนเงาที่ตามผู้พูดด้วยช่วงเวลาห่าง 1-2 วินาที การวิจัยแสดงว่าเทคนิคนี้ปรับปรุงความแม่นยำในการออกเสียง ทำนองเสียง จังหวะ การเชื่อมเสียง การฟังเข้าใจ และความคล่องแคล่วในการพูดได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ