ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: The Longevity Effects Of Psilocybin
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Everybody is unquestionably confident that I'm going to emerge as a different human.
2
Psilocybin is a powerful, powerful drug.
3
Within a trip, it can be both heaven and hell.
4
Profound effect on one's sense of reality, including one's sense of self.
5
This is the tool for understanding the mind.
6
I don't know how to anticipate this.
7
Once upon a time, there was a man named Brian Johnson.
8
Brian was on a mission.
9
A mission to save life. To protect the planet.
10
To make the world healthier.
11
And to solve one question no one had ever solved before.
12
How to not die.
13
Brian believed aging was a problem.
14
And like any problem, it could be measured, studied, and solved.
15
So he tried everything science would allow him to try.
16
Some things worked.
17
Some things didn't.
18
But the quest never stopped.
19
Then, one day, Brian discovered something unexpected a potential therapy
20
but this therapy challenged the very thing his mission was built on it risked clarity
21
it risked certainty it even risked the mission itself
22
but it also hinted at something else a way that might unlock something biology had been holding onto all along.
23
To discover the truth, Brian would have to set aside control and take a step into the unknown.
24
This is where our story begins. for a long time
25
I had no major interest in psychedelics my work is about control doing things with precision measuring cause
26
and effect and psychedelics don't fit in
27
that framework they felt subjective then I came across something really interesting a study showed
28
that psilocybin helped human cells live longer in dish.
29
Most studies are in mice.
30
So this was different.
31
This caught my attention.
32
In seeing this, I didn't immediately think I should go out and do magic mushrooms.
33
I thought, why would this be happening?
34
Now, if this effect was legitimate, there was something real happening biologically.
35
At the same time, I kept on thinking about the mental health data people's challenges with depression anxiety
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and cognitive rigidity what do they do about it psilocybin kept on coming up again
37
and again as a potential therapy for these problems this created a real tension for me
38
because on the one hand my project is about control
39
and discipline and this therapy was doing the exact opposite temporarily suspending both so i didn't want to jump into anything.
40
So I decided to post my findings and thoughts on social media.
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I wanted to see what other people thought and damn was there a reaction.
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Based upon this feedback and enthusiasm, my team and I decided to review all the literature on psilocyte.
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Repeat dosing.
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Interesting.
45
So we designed a protocol and wanted to extensively measure it, the most quantified psychedelic experience in history.
46
This most likely is the most measured psychedelic trip in the history of the human race.
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I don't think any human before me has measured 249 biomarkers before
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they took magic mushrooms 249 biomarkers brain activity inflammation hormones metabolism heart vitals stress markers sexual function dna cellular aging
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yeah it's a lot people think about magic mushrooms as a fun thing to do like a fun psychedelic trip
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or recently they've been looking at this for like ptsd
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or depression but no one's thought of psychedelics in the form of longevity.
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So if society reframed its understanding of psychedelics to longevity, it might be a big deal because psychedelics fix broken things.
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Psychedelics don't make things younger.
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The goal wasn't to have an experience.
55
The goal was to learn the truth.
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I also started having real concerns.
57
What if I came out of this and I didn't care about Blueprint anymore.
58
What if my values changed?
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What if I became unrecognizable from who I am today? That risk was real.
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But the flip side is that if this therapy had that potential to improve mental health, brain function, and biological aging,
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then avoiding it out of fear wouldn't be aligned with the mission.
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As our deliberations matured, It became clear this was not about taking mushrooms.
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It was an explorer's question.
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Is the journey worth taking?
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The experiment sounded simple on paper.
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Test the compound, measure the results, report the findings.
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But the thing is, psilocybin isn't just a compound.
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It alters perception.
69
It changes how you see yourself and how you see the world.
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I've spent years building my mental discipline for every decision in calorie and minute.
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Blueprint is built on this consistency.
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Psychedelics, however, are built on entropy, spontaneous flow, and uncertainty.
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There was a real possibility that something could go wrong.
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For example, what if I experienced psychological instability?
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What if I disrupted my motivation for this project?
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What if I came out of it and thought, why am I doing any of this?
77
This wasn't hypothetical.
78
People were warning me with real -life stories.
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My phone's been blowing up with messages of people who have been expressing concern
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that there have been founders that have done journeys and then they come back and check out.
81
Yes.
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They don't find meaning anymore.
83
They want to go off -grid.
84
And so like if I crash out, then it leaves a hole to some extent.
85
I don't know what five grams means.
86
I don't know what to anticipate.
87
And so I took these concerns seriously.
88
there's also a cultural history here psychedelics were once studied seriously
89
and they were pushed to the margins for decades they were associated with chaos
90
and rebellion loss of control none of those things are aligned with how i live my life
91
so i had to ask myself a hard question
92
Was I pursuing this because it was interesting or because it might reveal something true?
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I wonder if this is a different force that I've not contended with before.
94
I wonder if this force is just fundamentally more powerful than my concept of me
95
or my desires or my will or my wants.
96
I guess this shows that fear can be useful.
97
It tells you when something matters.
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And the fear I was feeling wasn't about mushrooms.
99
It was about identity.
100
And so if this experience changed how I think or what I value,
101
I had to be ready to accept that outcome, even if it meant questioning my entire mission and existence.
102
And this was the paradox.
103
And it pushed me in this direction to realize that if I'm going to purely pursue longevity,
104
I can't be overprotective of my current beliefs.
105
I have to be willing to test them.
106
The morning of my first dose, everything felt ordinary.
107
The light through the windows, the sound of the trees, how my hands felt.
108
I was being extremely methodical about my routines, because I knew going into the day I wanted to feel rested and well,
109
and so the night before I made a lot of plans to make sure I had a wind down routine, I could turn my phone off,
110
I got to bed right on time.
111
I woke up naturally at 5 .04 in the morning.
112
It was a good way to start the day
113
because I didn't want to enter the day feeling like I had an overhang of poor sleep
114
or in a bad mood because I knew that carrying these things into the experience would have an effect.
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I wanted to feel great in my entire body.
116
I guess what kept on echoing in my mind was
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that I had been approaching this as an experiment focused on the data and the outcomes, but I hadn't entered it primarily thinking,
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how am I going to change as a person?
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And that was all people could talk about.
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And so that kept on echoing in my mind of, have I appropriately sized this up,
121
fully knowing that this could be a one -shotted situation and I may change irreparably.
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Thinking about all these things of how to sequence all the measurements get all the measurements right to make sure
123
it's scientific
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and the psychological uncertainties of this it was a lot all
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right let's do this the dose was 4 .67 of dried magic mushrooms strain b plus
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and a concentration of psilocybin of 24 .98 milligrams as some would say a heroic
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this level of magic mushroom is not to be confused with a microdose
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this would be a full -on experience some people are asking are you nervous yes
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i'm nervous based upon what i've read in your responses
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that those of you who have done this or something similar have said
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that even one or two or three grams is a significant experience
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and five is just next level it's it's unimaginable
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so yes i'm nervous in all the experimentation
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we've done control has really been our primary lever
135
it's how we've built the entire protocol it's how live my life it's how we've built don't die
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and now i was choosing to set it down on purpose
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Right after I took it, I made a phone call.
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Hey Talmadge, I don't know if you're watching the live stream, but your dad just took the five grams of magic mushrooms.
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How are you feeling?
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I haven't felt anything yet, so probably have 10 minutes until takeoff.
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So I just want to call and tell you I love you, and I'll see you in a couple hours.
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I love you, too.
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I'll see you on the other side.
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Love you, Talmadge.
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Love you, Talmadge.
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Bye.
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there's this moment when you realize
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that you can no longer steer the ship you are no longer in control
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and the experience begins to unfold and you have a choice you can fight it or you can welcome it
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that's fun hearing that sound i haven't heard your leaves crack like that really for a long time
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i think this is what i remember hearing as a kid what surprised me the most wasn't chaos
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it was actually the opposite a feeling of openness of connection a kind of childlike excitement
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I hadn't felt in a very long time at one point I revisited the fear the idea
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that I might not care about this afterward
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but instead of of losing clarity
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I just felt aligned like not euphoric not irrational just just somehow like cohesively aligned
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I really wish all of you well and I really sincerity mean
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that you know like i've been in really dark places in my life
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and um you know there are people who pull up for you in life
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that are there for you and um you know without judgment
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and are soft and supportive and strong and i think
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that this is like a really special moment as as a species
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that we are transforming into something else
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and it's this really wild time to be alive it's the most spectacular time to be alive in history
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in the days that followed, that feeling stayed.
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It felt fresh.
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I felt gratitude and curiosity and energy.
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If anything, I was seeing my mission more clearly.
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But then again, feelings aren't data.
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The question was simple. Did the biology agree?
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After I took that first dose, we measured everything again.
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The goal wasn't to prove a theory.
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It was to see what had changed.
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Some markers stayed the same.
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Interesting.
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That's important.
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But a few markers stood out.
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Cortisol, for example.
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Let's start there.
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Cortisol is the body's primary stress hormone.
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It affects sleep, recovery, and metabolic health.
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We tracked mine throughout the day on the first dose.
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I had my morning cortisol spike, which you have in your circadian rhythm.
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Following the dose, and for three hours after, it peaked again.
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This was three to eight times higher than my normal levels at noon.
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By the evening though, my cortisol had returned to normal baseline.
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What we saw in the data is actually a healthy response.
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It's a short contained burst of cortisol in response to the psilocybin.
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It was a very fast reset.
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There was no prolonged stress.
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The system fired and was able to recover quickly.
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But that wasn't the part that surprised us.
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Five days later, my morning cortisol had dropped by 42 percent.
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Now another marker of adrenal activity, DHEA, also dropped 45 percent.
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This is what researchers call the afterglow.
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This is a measured biochemical state of calm that follows a psychedelic experience.
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It's not being numb or sedated, it's less stress primed.
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And it aligned exactly with how I felt internally.
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My emotions were a choppy sea.
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And the psilocybin had just smoothed out the ocean, so it was glass.
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It took out the rough edges of the spikes of emotional deliberation and concern.
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It just kind of took my whole psyche and just calmed me down.
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We also looked at my brain, and to my great pride and joy, we got to use KernelFlow.
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This is the neuroimaging device I dedicated seven years of my life building.
205
And so we were able to use it and map my neural activity before, during, and after the experience.
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Psilocybin is known to disrupt rigid neural patterns
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and in my case we observed exactly
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that my default mode network went quiet now this is like the command center like the self it went quiet
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and in that quietness regions of my brain began talking to each other sensory auditory
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and language regions
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and the technical term for this increased productivity is entropy it was my brain was becoming more flexible
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and more exploratory more childlike.
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It was more like a younger brain.
214
I remember the feelings, they were like sensational.
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It felt like my consciousness was dialed up to like a 10 out of 10, a hyper awareness and a hyper aliveness.
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I experienced a sense of touch with awe, like flavor exploded in my mouth.
217
My brain wanted to share and study and marvel.
218
It felt like it restored my perception to youthful levels, almost like it was a factory reset taking me back to my childhood,
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dissolving the numbness that comes with age.
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And the cool thing was the data actually matched my subjective experience.
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The brain had been locked into these fixed patterns that I had been built up over decades of time, and now it was something entirely new.
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And then there was something that showed up that we actually weren't looking for.
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We hadn't thought to look for.
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My blood sugar control had changed significantly.
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We didn't fully understand why, but the change was clear and it was dramatic.
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So more on that one later.
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So we had 249 baseline measurements from before and after the dose.
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We also saw some really positive movement in other markers, for example, reduced inflammation.
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Now, none of this was definitive.
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This was a single dose.
231
It doesn't prove a theory.
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But the early signs were consistent.
233
The experience wasn't just subjective.
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There was data.
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And if the results had been neutral, you know, maybe it would have been time to stop.
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But they weren't.
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And so we expanded the protocol.
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After that first dose, we sat with the data and I really had a choice.
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We could treat what we had just seen as an anomaly, or we could test again.
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One experiment can be noise, but repetition creates signal.
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So we designed a second dose, this time three weeks following the first.
242
This experiment would have a dose of 5 .35 grams of dried mushroom, the same B -plus strain,
243
and 28 milligrams of psilocybin, an even larger dose of the active component.
244
We also expanded our measurement profile, adding 136 additional measurements.
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This time we added thermal imaging and also continuous brain scans before, during, and after.
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Now all these changes were important, but the biggest change this time around was the fact that it was public.
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I'm going to do 5 grams of magic mushrooms.
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I had announced that I was going to live stream the second dose.
249
The reaction was dramatic.
250
People said I was reckless, performative, dangerous, but I saw this differently.
251
I'm going to test something that challenges conventional thinking.
252
And transparency matters.
253
Transparency is the cornerstone to this entire project.
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And the public deserves to see what I'm doing.
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It's not a performance.
256
It's not a highlight reel.
257
It's not a summary this is the real thing.
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Psychedelics have spent decades in the shadows.
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They were studied briefly, then they were dismissed, then they were stigmatized.
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If we're going to take them seriously again, we have to test them seriously.
261
The first dose was intimate in a small room with trusted faces nearby.
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This one was different.
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This was family and friends joining virtually the world watching live.
264
And that mattered, not just emotionally, but biologically.
265
But first, the thermal imaging.
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This had never been done before.
267
Nobody has ever recorded a thermal profile of an intense psilocybin experience.
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And so we were the first.
269
What we saw is that my core body temperature rose between one and a half and two degrees Fahrenheit.
270
My heat redistributed inward toward the center of my body, consistent with deep autonomic activation.
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The patterns of change across my face and upper body suggested something more specific.
272
It was this blend of intense joy in the deep inside
273
but also a subtle thread of melancholy this last one i i wasn't expecting but i felt it
274
and then there was the brain three weeks following the first dose my baseline scan showed traces of what had happened.
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My brain hadn't fully recovered.
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And so the second dose hit and the effects just didn't repeat.
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They built upon each other.
278
The entropy went further.
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The integration went deeper.
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The most dramatic shift was in the auditory speech and language networks, the regions of my brain that listen and speak.
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The same regions that were lit up because my family and friends were on the screen,
282
where I enjoyed expressing and describing my feelings and listening to the outpouring of love and positivity.
283
In this sweet moment, the technology that I'd built to study aging was now recording what connection felt like.
284
We now have two doses, repeated signals, stronger the second time.
285
So the question changed.
286
It was no longer, did something happen?
287
It was, what does this mean?
288
after the second dose we just sat down with everything
289
we had pre -dose baselines we had post -dose measurements short -term shifts
290
and sustained effects so we now had two doses hundreds of biomarkers
291
and months of data we expected things in my brain to change
292
that's obvious what we didn't expect is the metabolic reset
293
i had worn a continuous glucose monitor on my arm
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it tracked my blood sugar every few minutes every day
295
we then compared my blood glucose for the three days before the first dose
296
and then three days after surprisingly my mean blood glucose dropped by eight percent my variability
297
which is the day -to -day swing dropped 11 percent
298
and time above 125 milligrams per deciliter this is for the top you don't want to exceed zero this meant
299
that my estimated hb a1c
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this is basically a mark of my body's blood glucose control dropped from 4 .7 to 4 .4,
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a relative reduction of 6 .8%.
302
That moves my blood glucose control from the top 2 % of the population to the top 0 .2%.
303
That means better than 99 .8 % of healthy 18 to 25 year olds.
304
That effect held through day three.
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This was the first documented human evidence of improved blood sugar control using psilocybin.
306
Now, for context, to improve someone's glycemic control, it typically takes a few months of daily medication.
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For example, there's a drug called metformin.
308
My blood glucose improved after a single neuroplastic event.
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A psychedelic experience may have triggered a downstream reset in how my liver and pancreas were functioning,
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mimicking and potentially exceeding the effect of some of the most prescribed and powerful drugs in the world in one dose.
311
Brian, when you saw the glucose data come back, what was your first reaction?
312
this was a genuinely exciting moment because we have taken
313
so much hate
314
and trash talking where people have just looked down upon this project as a nuisance to society
315
and in seeing that we thought did we just discover something original and that was a big victory for the team
316
We felt very proud of that.
317
We also tested for inflammation.
318
The marker for this is called HSCRP.
319
It's a marker of how much low -grade stress and damage your body carries at any given time.
320
Now, my levels of inflammation were low to begin with, 0 .23.
321
Five days after the first dose, my levels dropped below the detection limit, 0 .15.
322
After the second dose, it stayed suppressed.
323
Why does this matter?
324
Because chronic inflammation is one of the fastest accelerators of biological aging.
325
It is strongly associated with cardiovascular disease, all -cause mortality, and insulin resistance.
326
What we observed as far as the tests could tell us, my inflammation was effectively erased.
327
Now for my hormones, the cortisol pattern we saw from the first dose was not a one -time event, that the 42 % morning drop.
328
Also, we had the 45 % drop in DHEA.
329
It was shifting me to a calmer baseline.
330
It repeated after the second dose.
331
A measurable, durable change in how my body handles stress at rest.
332
Three weeks after I had taken the first dose, my brain had not fully reset.
333
Three weeks after my second dose, the effects of my brain were cumulative.
334
Aging is associated with rigid neural patterns.
335
What we observed was the opposite.
336
It didn't look like a passing high, it began to look like a structural reset.
337
The composition of my gut microbiome also shifted.
338
Several species that are associated with stress, anxiety, insulin resistance all declined and a new species emerged that hadn't been there before.
339
Now what this means in the long run we don't really know, but the gut is one more system that didn't stay still.
340
It was evolving.
341
The brain, hormones, metabolism, inflammation, and the microbiome, the signals were not isolated.
342
This was a system cooperating in whole.
343
The primary drivers of biological aging are these.
344
There's stress, hormone dysregulation, metabolic dysfunction, and chronic inflammation.
345
After two quantified doses, we observed measurable shifts in all four in a body that was already optimized.
346
Brian, what does the coordination of all these systems aligning mean to you?
347
Some of history's greatest accomplishments have been the ability to observe something new.
348
And oftentimes what prevents us from those things is measurement.
349
And previous generations didn't have the ability to measure the microbiome or the brain.
350
We now do and
351
so I think what we've done that's unique is we just took the tools
352
and we pointed them at a specific thing
353
and you know psilocybin has been used for thousands of years maybe even more it's been a pillar of society
354
and we took this ancient medicinal ritualistic medicine and we put it under a scientific microscope and we observed something new.
355
This experiment produced two things that had never been done before in humans.
356
The first ever was continuous glucose evidence improved blood sugar control following psilocybin.
357
It was the first ever thermal profile of an intense psilocybin experience.
358
Both firsts, both unexpected and both consistent.
359
All of this leads me to believe that magic mushrooms are a longevity therapy.
360
Not because they make you feel different, but because they measurably alter the systems that drive aging.
361
This was the most quantified psychedelic experiment ever conducted.
362
Also, these are first in human observations which needs replication.
363
Both the magnitude and the durability need further study, but ignoring the signal would no longer be aligned with the data.
364
This experiment did not begin with mushrooms.
365
It actually began with a question.
366
How do we extend healthy human life?
367
I wanted to know what was real, not what was popular or culturally acceptable, but what actually moved the needle.
368
Psilocybin did not replace the fundamentals.
369
Things like sleep, nutrition, movement, discipline.
370
Those are the power laws, the things that do the heavy lifting.
371
What psilocybin did was it expanded the framework.
372
Now I need to be clear on this point.
373
This is not an endorsement of magic mushrooms.
374
This is not a recommendation to go and try them out.
375
Everything we did was under direct medical supervision.
376
It It was done legally, it was done safely, it was in a controlled environment.
377
This was a measured experiment.
378
What we have is a quantified observation, one that can't be ignored.
379
People ask me why I do this.
380
The constant measurement, the obsession with data, the millions of dollars spent on all of it.
381
I have this internal struggle all the time.
382
I don't feel like I'm running the show.
383
I just feel like something else runs me and I find out after the fact.
384
This is also true when I was depressed, when I was really considering suicide,
385
when I'd lay down on the floor at night and be like, I'm done.
386
You know, I haven't always been this person.
387
There were years I couldn't get off the floor, years I couldn't see a way forward, years I wanted to end it all.
388
When I started measuring my body, it wasn't because I wanted to live forever.
389
It was because I wasn't sure I would survive the way I was living.
390
The irony is that
391
Don't Die didn't start as a mission to extend life.
392
It started as a way to stay alive.
393
So when I got the data back from this experiment, when I saw the inflammation went to below detectable levels, when my brain looked younger,
394
when I saw the convergence across five biological systems, it wasn't just a longevity finding.
395
It was a glimpse of a tool that might help people who feel now the way I used to feel.
396
That matters, and that is worth measuring.
397
As much as we learned in this experiment, there's probably more we didn't learn.
398
We're still tracking telomere length.
399
We're looking at epigenetic age, markers of cellular aging.
400
Those answers are still coming in, and we'll have more questions.
401
This experiment isn't finished the protocol isn't fixed.
402
And that's the point.
403
Longevity isn't about one breakthrough.
404
It's about systems working together.
405
If a tool measurably restores those systems, then it belongs in the conversation.
406
Psilocybin earned its seat at the table.
407
What surprised me the most was not the experience.
408
It was the convergence in a body that was already optimized.
409
And that matters everybody is unquestionably confident that i'm going to emerge as a different human
410
it feels bigger than i can comprehend
411
and so the quest continues more tests more data more evidence not to chase novelty
412
but to pursue truth and the expansion of Don't Die.
413
Onward, Brian.
414
Onward.
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คำศัพท์และข้อสังเกตด้านการพูดสำหรับบทเรียนนี้
บทเรียนฝึกพูดนี้ใช้วิดีโอ “The Longevity Effects Of Psilocybin” เป็นสื่อ วิดีโอนี้มี 414 ประโยค และ 4466 คำ สำหรับฝึกพูดตาม ช่วงที่มีเสียงพูดยาว 34:31 ผู้พูดพูดด้วยความเร็วสม่ำเสมอ ประมาณ 129 คำต่อนาที เหมาะกับการฝึกพูดตาม มีเพียง 79% ของคำที่อยู่ใน 3,000 คำที่ใช้บ่อยที่สุดในภาษาอังกฤษ คำศัพท์จึงค่อนข้างยาก
คำศัพท์สำคัญในวิดีโอนี้
คำที่ควรเรียนรู้ 15 คำจากวิดีโอ พร้อมคำอ่านและความหมาย:
| คำศัพท์ | คำอ่าน | ความหมาย |
|---|---|---|
| dose คำนาม | /ˈdəʊ̯s/ | ขนาดยา |
| mushroom คำนาม | /ˈmʌʃˌɹuːm/ | เห็ด |
| experiment คำนาม | /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/ | การทดลอง |
| inflammation คำนาม | /ɪnfləˈmeɪ̯ʃən/ | การอักเสบ |
| glucose คำนาม | /ˈɡluː.kəʊz/ | กลูโคส |
| observe คำกริยา | /əbˈzɜːv/ | สังเกต |
| hormone คำนาม | /ˈhoɹmoʊn/ | ฮอร์โมน |
| gram คำนาม | /ˈɡɹæm/ | กรัม |
| protocol คำนาม | /ˈpɹoʊtəˌkɑl/ | พิธีสาร |
| solve คำกริยา | /sɒlv/ | แก้, แก้ไข |
| expand คำกริยา | /ɪkˈspænd/ | ขยาย |
| discipline คำนาม | /ˈdɪsəplɪn/ | วินัย |
| emerge คำกริยา | /ɪˈmɝd͡ʒ/ | ผุด |
| anxiety คำนาม | /æŋˈzaɪ.əti/ | ความวิตกกังวล |
| discover คำกริยา | /dɪˈskʌvə/ | ค้นพบ |
กริยาวลีที่คุณจะได้ยิน
| คำศัพท์ | คำอ่าน | ความหมาย |
|---|---|---|
| come back คำกริยา | กลับมา | |
| go out คำกริยา | ออก, ออกไป | |
| show up คำกริยา | โผล่ | |
| wake up คำกริยา | /ˌweɪk ˈʌp/ | ตื่น, ตื่นนอน |
ประโยคที่ควรฝึกพูดซ้ำ
ประโยคสั้น ๆ ที่สมบูรณ์จากวิดีโอ ซึ่งนำไปใช้ในบทสนทนาประจำวันได้:
- I thought, why would this be happening?
- What if my values changed?
- For example, what if I experienced psychological instability?
- What if I disrupted my motivation for this project?
- How do we extend healthy human life?
ไวยากรณ์ในวิดีโอนี้
โครงสร้างที่ผู้พูดใช้บ่อยที่สุด พร้อมคำพูดจริงจากวิดีโอ:
| โครงสร้าง | ในวิดีโอ |
|---|---|
| Present perfect continuous have/has been + -ing — การกระทำที่เริ่มก่อนหน้านี้และยังดำเนินอยู่ | they've been looking · phone's been blowing |
| Present perfect have/has + กริยาช่อง 3 — เหตุการณ์ในอดีตที่ยังเกี่ยวข้องกับปัจจุบัน | has measured · I've spent · have been |
| Passive voice be + กริยาช่อง 3 — เน้นสิ่งที่เกิดขึ้น ไม่ใช่ผู้กระทำ | could be measured · was built · be aligned |
| Relative clauses who / which + อนุประโยค — ข้อมูลเพิ่มเติมเกี่ยวกับคนหรือสิ่งของ | people who have · people who pull · one that can |
การออกเสียงที่ควรระวัง
ผู้พูดใช้รูปย่อและรูปลดเสียง 87 ครั้ง เช่น don't, didn't, wasn't ให้พูดแบบสั้นตามที่ได้ยิน
- เสียง “th”: thermal /ˈθɜːməl/, thread /ˈθɹɛd/
- เสียง “sh” และ “zh”: mushroom /ˈmʌʃˌɹuːm/, inflammation /ɪnfləˈmeɪ̯ʃən/, measurement /ˈmɛʒ.ə.mənt/, perception /pɚˈsɛpʃ(ə)n/, trash /tɹæʃ/
- คำยาว — ลงเสียงหนักให้ถูกพยางค์: experiment /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/, inflammation /ɪnfləˈmeɪ̯ʃən/, longevity /lɒnˈd͡ʒɛv.ɪ.ti/, biological /ˌbaɪ.əˈlɑ.d͡ʒɪ.kəl/, continuous /kənˈtɪn.juː.əs/
เสียงที่คนไทยมักออกเสียงยาก:
- เสียงท้ายคำ — ออกเสียงให้ครบ ไม่เปลี่ยนเป็นตัวสะกดแบบไทย: dose /ˈdəʊ̯s/, glucose /ˈɡluː.kəʊz/, observe /əbˈzɜːv/, biological /ˌbaɪ.əˈlɑ.d͡ʒɪ.kəl/, protocol /ˈpɹoʊtəˌkɑl/
- /v/ — ไม่ใช่ /w/ ให้ฟันบนแตะริมฝีปากล่าง: longevity /lɒnˈd͡ʒɛv.ɪ.ti/, observe /əbˈzɜːv/, solve /sɒlv/, subjective /səbˈd͡ʒɛktɪv/, discover /dɪˈskʌvə/
- /z/ — เสียงก้อง ไม่ใช่ /s/: glucose /ˈɡluː.kəʊz/, observe /əbˈzɜːv/, anxiety /æŋˈzaɪ.əti/, metabolism /məˈtæb.əˌlɪz.əm/, confused /kənˈfjuːzd/
วิธีฝึกกับวิดีโอนี้
- ฟังวิดีโอให้จบหนึ่งรอบโดยยังไม่ต้องพูด แล้วจดคำที่ยังไม่รู้จัก
- พูดตามทีละประโยคด้วยความเร็วปกติ ทำซ้ำแต่ละประโยคจนจังหวะของคุณตรงกับผู้พูด
- อัดเสียงตัวเองแล้วเทียบกับต้นฉบับ โดยสังเกตคำอย่าง dose, mushroom, experiment เป็นพิเศษ
เทคนิค Shadowing คืออะไร?
Shadowing เป็นเทคนิคการเรียนรู้ภาษาที่ได้รับการรับรองทางวิทยาศาสตร์ พัฒนาขึ้นสำหรับการฝึกนักแปลมืออาชีพ วิธีการนี้เรียบง่ายแต่ทรงพลัง: คุณฟังเสียงภาษาอังกฤษจากเจ้าของภาษาและพูดตามทันที — เหมือนเงาที่ตามผู้พูดด้วยช่วงเวลาห่าง 1-2 วินาที การวิจัยแสดงว่าเทคนิคนี้ปรับปรุงความแม่นยำในการออกเสียง ทำนองเสียง จังหวะ การเชื่อมเสียง การฟังเข้าใจ และความคล่องแคล่วในการพูดได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ