ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: What is Operations Management and the Transformation Model
กำลังสร้างบทเรียน...
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- Okay, so what is operations management?
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Operations management is the management of processes that transform inputs into goods and services that add value to the customer.
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The ultimate goal in operations management is to maximize efficiency while adding value to the customer.
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And that is done through a process of what we call the transformation process or using the transformation model.
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So on one end, we have inputs, right?
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The inputs are those raw material.
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Now, when we look at this from an operations management perspective, it's not just raw material.
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People, resources, information are all inputs because they are part of the transformation process.
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And then that output may not be a product.
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That output could be a service.
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So you just want to make sure you're looking at this from a product and service perspective.
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So in layman's terms, operations management is really about managing the processes of everything that takes place when you're transforming
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raw material when we're referring to a product going through that transformation process and then coming out with that end product.
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So, for example, if we took the raw ingredients of A cake, the eggs, the butter, the flour,
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the sugar, everything that goes inside making a cake.
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That cake then goes through a transformation process.
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right and then that end result is the cake and
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that product that cake is to add value to the customer's life
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Key takeaways: Operations management is the management of processes that transform inputs into goods and services that add value to the customer.
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However, the goal is to maximize efficiency while adding value to the customer.
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And that is usually done through the transformation process or using the transformational model in which we take inputs,
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transform those inputs to generate outputs.
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you
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Vocabulary and speaking notes for this lesson
This video has 23 sentences and 296 words to shadow. The speech runs for 2:26. The speaker talks at a steady 121 words per minute, a comfortable pace for shadowing. 85% of the words are among the 3,000 most common in English; the rest is worth studying before you start.
Key vocabulary in this video
15 words from the video worth learning, with pronunciation and meaning:
| Word | Pronunciation | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| input noun | /ˈɪnpʊt/ | The act or process of putting in; infusion. |
| transformation noun | /ˌtɹæns.fɔɹˈmeɪ.ʃən/ | The act of transforming or the state of being transformed. |
| transform verb | /tɹænsˈfɔɹm/ | To change greatly the appearance or form of. |
| output noun | /ˈaʊtpʊt/ | Production; quantity produced, created, or completed. |
| efficiency noun | /ɪˈfɪʃ.ən.si/ | The extent to which a resource is used for the intended purpose. |
| maximize verb | /ˈmæksəmaɪz/ | To make as large as possible. |
| egg noun | /ɛɡ/ | An approximately spherical or ellipsoidal body produced by birds, insects, reptiles, and other animals, often housing an embryo within a membrane or shell… |
| refer verb | /ɹɪˈfɜː/ | To direct the attention of (someone toward something). |
| butter noun | /ˈbʌtɚ/ | A soft, fatty foodstuff made by churning the cream of milk (generally cow's milk). |
| resource noun | /ɹɪˈzɔːs/ | Something that one uses to achieve an objective, e.g. raw materials or personnel. |
| generate verb | /ˈd͡ʒɛn.ə.ɹeɪt/ | To bring into being; give rise to. |
| flour noun | /ˈflaʊ.ə/ | Powder obtained by grinding or milling cereal grains, especially wheat, or other foodstuffs such as soybeans and potatoes, and used to bake bread, cakes, and… |
| ingredient noun | /ɪnˈɡɹiːdi.ənt/ | One of the substances present in a mixture, especially food. |
| takeaway noun | /ˈteɪkəweɪ/ | A restaurant that sells food to be eaten elsewhere. |
| transformational adjective | Of, pertaining to or leading to transformation. |
Phrasal verbs you will hear
| Word | Meaning |
|---|---|
| go through verb | To travel from one end of something to the other. |
| come out with verb | To say (something) unexpectedly. |
ไวยากรณ์ในวิดีโอนี้
โครงสร้างที่ผู้พูดใช้บ่อยที่สุด พร้อมคำพูดจริงจากวิดีโอ:
| โครงสร้าง | ในวิดีโอ |
|---|---|
| Passive voice be + กริยาช่อง 3 — เน้นสิ่งที่เกิดขึ้น ไม่ใช่ผู้กระทำ | is done · is usually done |
| Present continuous am/is/are + -ing — สิ่งที่กำลังเกิดขึ้นตอนนี้หรือช่วงนี้ | you're looking · you're transforming · we're referring |
Pronunciation to watch
The speaker uses 3 contractions and reduced forms, such as you're, we're. Say them the short way, as you hear them.
- The “sh” and “zh” sounds: transformation /ˌtɹæns.fɔɹˈmeɪ.ʃən/, efficiency /ɪˈfɪʃ.ən.si/
- Long words — get the stress right: transformation /ˌtɹæns.fɔɹˈmeɪ.ʃən/, efficiency /ɪˈfɪʃ.ən.si/, ingredient /ɪnˈɡɹiːdi.ənt/
How to practise with this video
- Listen to the whole video once without speaking and note the words you do not know.
- Shadow it sentence by sentence at normal speed, repeating each one until your rhythm matches the speaker.
- Record yourself and compare with the original, paying attention to words like input, transformation, transform.
เทคนิค Shadowing คืออะไร?
Shadowing เป็นเทคนิคการเรียนรู้ภาษาที่ได้รับการรับรองทางวิทยาศาสตร์ พัฒนาขึ้นสำหรับการฝึกนักแปลมืออาชีพ วิธีการนี้เรียบง่ายแต่ทรงพลัง: คุณฟังเสียงภาษาอังกฤษจากเจ้าของภาษาและพูดตามทันที — เหมือนเงาที่ตามผู้พูดด้วยช่วงเวลาห่าง 1-2 วินาที การวิจัยแสดงว่าเทคนิคนี้ปรับปรุงความแม่นยำในการออกเสียง ทำนองเสียง จังหวะ การเชื่อมเสียง การฟังเข้าใจ และความคล่องแคล่วในการพูดได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ