ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: Why World War 1 happened? | The Real Reason | Dhruv Rathee
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नमस्कार दोस्तों, 28 June 1914, एक 19 साल का स्कूल में पढ़ने वाला स्टूडेंट, आस्ट्रियो हंगेरियन एंपायर के प्रिंस की गोली मार कर हत्या कर
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देता है और इसे एक घटना की वज़े से जंग छिड़ जाती है It is a war that has been 4 years,
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which has been 2 crores to more people who go to 2 crores to more people.
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It is a war that has been many ancient empires, it is a war that has been many countries and continents.
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Today, we know this war is World War I.
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It is sensational to me that it is a single one of the world war 1.
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If we can go back to the time machine and go to the assassination of this world war, I don't know the reality is so simple.
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There is no such a big war, a long, complex chain of reasons.
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And then there is a gap that causes a spark.
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Imagine that a dynamite is here.
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And I use a small machis to use the dynamite.
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So, what happened here is not my machis.
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It was actually a dynamite.
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That's why it was here.
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Here we will understand the video about World War I.
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In 1914, Europe's history was seen as well.
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There was a great
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Austrian -Hungarian Empire, which was very much bigger than Austria and Hungary.
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country country country country country country country country country country country
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country country country country country country country country country country country
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country country country country country country country country country country country
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country country country country country country country country country country country
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country country country country country country country country country country country
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country country country country country country country country country country country country country country country country country country and San Marino.
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Now Eastern Europe, like Serbia, Bosnia, Romania and Bulgaria are called Balkan countries.
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Please remember that this is very important in our story.
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Let's start in 1878.
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The Russian Empire and Ottoman Empire had a war.
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The Ottoman Empire was one side, the Russian Empire was the other side, which helped these Balkan countries from the Ottoman Empire.
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This war in the conclusion, in 1878, the Treaty of Berlin signed.
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करी गई थी इस treaty के अनुसार Austro -Hungarian Empire को
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हक दिया गया था कि Bosnia और Herzegovina का जो region है उसको ये administer कर सकता है temporarily लेकिन officially
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Ottoman Empire का part रहेगा ये area लेकिन October 1908 में Austro -Hungarian Empire ने Bosnia और Herzegovina को annex कर लिया,
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invade कर दिया उस समय का एक ये political cartoon है जो बड़ा interesting है देखना, Ottoman के सुल्तान अपने हाथ पकड़ कर खड़े हैं,
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helpless feel कर रहे हैं क्योंकि Ottoman Empire के अंडर internal problems आने लग रही थी,
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revolutions होने लग रही थी अपनी इस समय में Bulgaria आजाद
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हो गया Ottoman Empire से जो आप बीच में देख सकते हैं, एक independent देश बन गया Left पर आप देख सकते हैं कि Austrian महराजा,
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France, Yosef, Bosnia और Herzegovina देश को भी चीनने लग रहे हैं फाड
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कर मैप से चीनने लग रहे हैं अब ये जो Bosnia और Herzegovina का देश है,
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ये 400 साल तक Ottoman राज के अंदर रहा लेकिन आजादी
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मिलने की जगहें अब यहाँ पर एक और empire ने आकर
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इसे capture कर लिया obviously जो बॉसनिया में रहने वाले लोग
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हैं वो इससे बहुत गुसा थे वो आजाद होना चाहते थे
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उनकी neighboring country सर्विया में भी लोग बड़े गुसा थे इस
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चीज़ को होते हो देख कर Serbian logo का Bosnian logo
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के साथ ना सिर्फ एक Geographical Connection था बलकि एक Ethnic
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Connection भी था Actually में ये जो सारी Countries है Eastern
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Europe के इनकी Ethnicity है Slavs की बहुत से लोग इन
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देशों में रहने वाले इस Connection को Feel करते हैं In fact,
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अगर आप इस Map के Bottom Side पर देखोगे जो Dark Blue में Countries हैं in countries of the country, people of you have
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South Slavs and many people have a South Slavic nation demand for this country.
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Serbia has complained that Austria and Hungary which is not just
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Bosnia, but the South Slavs and the South Slavs are invading for this country.
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Before this country, Austria -Hungary Foreign Minister has already talked about Russian Foreign Minister as well as Russia does not do it.
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We have to tell you first, we have to tell you that we have to tell you
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that we have to talk about it and Russia has listened to it because Russia had something else to return
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Look at this
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Black Sea and this
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Sea of Marmara The state of Bosphorus is divided into two parts of Istanbul This part was Ottoman Empire
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and Russia wanted to cut it
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Russia had to cut it from the Austro -Hungarian Empire
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and said that we should cut it from this part and we should cut it from this part
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And you don't say that you don't say anything about Bosnia country, we don't say anything about Bosnia, we don't say anything about Bosnia,
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we don't say anything about Bosnia, we don't say anything about Bosnia, we don't say anything about Bosnia, we don't say anything about Bosnia,
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we don't say anything about Bosnia, we don't say anything about Bosnia, we don't say anything about Bosnia, we don't say anything about Bosnia,
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we don't say anything about Bosnia, we don't say anything about Bosnia, we don't say anything about Bosnia, we don't say anything about Bosnia,
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we don't say anything about Bosnia, we don't say anything about Bosnia, we don't say anything about Bosnia, we don't say anything about Bosnia,
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we don't say anything about Bosnia, we don't say anything about Bosnia, we don't say anything about Bosnia, we don't say anything about Bosnia,
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we don't say anything about Bosnia,
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It was 1909, now Austria -Hungarian Empire Germany looked at and asked if we are now in Serbia country and in Russia,
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what do we help us?
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Germany said, why not?
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We are very good friends, we are very good friends, we will help us.
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Now on the other hand, Russia is asking France.
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The Austro -Hungarian Empire was first in Bosnia, and when it was objecting,
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the Austro -Hungarian Empire and Germany are talking about the attack of Serbia.
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They are talking about the fight against us.
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But France says, what do you think of Bosnia?
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What do you think of it?
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I don't want to interfere with it.
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So France's plans to be able to accept the annexation of Ferdinand
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and Bosnia's war war war war war war war war war
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war war war war war war war war war war war
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war war war war war war war war war war war
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war war war war war war war war war war war
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war war war war war war war war war war war
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war war war war war war war war war war war
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war war war war war war war war war war war
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war war war war war war war war war war war
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war war war war war war war war war war war
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war war war war war war war war war war war
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war war war war war war war war war war war
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war war war war war war war war war war war
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war war war war war war war war war war war
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war war war war war war war war war war war
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war war war war war war war war war war war
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war war war war war war war war war war war
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war war war war war war war war war war war
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war war war war war war war war war war war
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war war war war war war revolutionary movement की शुरुवात होती
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है जिसे कहा जाता है Young Bosnia ये एक student revolutionary
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group है Serbian लोग इनकी मदद करने लग रहे है इनका purpose है आजाद देश बनाना In fact,
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इनका purpose ना सिर्फ Bosnia और Herzegovina को आजादी दिलाना है
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बलकि Serbia के साथ unite करना भी है ये चाहते हैं
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ये एक अखंड South Slavic राष्ट्र बनाएं यूगो सलाविया क्या नाम
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है यूगो सलाविया यूगो का मतलब होता है South तो South
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Slavic country बने एक जो कि spoiler alert बाद में जाकर
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बन भी जाती है हलागि आज के जमाने में बन कर
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तूट भी गई है ये country लेकिन anyways 28 जून 1914
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को Austria -Hungary's Prince Ferdinand is going to suffer from her wife Sophie with Bosnia's annexed territory.
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They wanted to suffer from Hindi, but they wanted to suffer from English.
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6 Bosnian Revolutionaries planned that they would kill.
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In the morning, a revolutionary, Cabrinovic, is a bomb on Ferdinand's guard.
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The bomb is going to bounce on the side of the guard, and 20 people injured.
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They are injured.
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Ferdinand is running away and running away.
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The meeting is canceled by the shock.
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Bosnian mayor says, we have to go to the city and we have to go to the bomb.
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This is outrageous.
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The program is canceled.
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The people who are injured will be able to meet them.
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In the road of the hospital, the car takes a wrong turn by mistake.
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When the car goes wrong, we realize that actually
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Actually, this is a revolutionary only 5 feet away from a 19 -year school student,
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Gavrilo Princip, which I have talked about in the beginning of the video.
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He is the man who runs Ferdinand and his wife Sophie.
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He is the Austro -Hungarian Empire prince.
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Gavrilo Princip is immediately arrested, but his age is 20 -2 months ago.
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This is why there are 20 years jail for the assassination of Gavrilo.
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They say that I'm a Yugoslav nationalist.
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My goal is to unite all the Yugoslavs.
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And I'm not sure that Yugoslavs are going to be united.
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But I want to say that Austria will be free austro -hungarian empire austro -hungarian empire austro -hungarian empire
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austro -hungarian empire austro -hungarian empire austro -hungarian empire austro -hungarian empire austro -hungarian empire austro -hungarian empire austro -hungarian empire
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austro -hungarian empire austro -hungarian empire austro -hungarian empire which is called chain of friendship.
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This is a very interesting cartoon that has been created in this situation.
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Italy was actually with Austria, Hungary and Germany in alliance, but its agreement came back from Italy,
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because in the agreement it was said that if there is any damage on our country, then we can help you.
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But here, Austria, Hungary and Germany are invading into Serbia.
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We are going to attack ourselves, so we are going to go back.
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But because the Ottoman Empire was the enemy of Russia, The Ottoman Empire is coming to the Austro -Hungarian Empire.
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Here is the United Kingdom of the United Kingdom because Russia, France and Britain had an alliance treaty with a triple intent.
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This is a big war, the Great War, where all the countries come together with another war.
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The USA and Japan are also joined by Britain and France support
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and obviously the British was involved because the British soldiers were needed
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so the most easy option is that the British had to be colonized
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and obviously the people who used to use soldiers so the Indians also go to Britain to be behalf to this
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World War 1 participate so the world war 1 but here
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This is a very important question.
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Why do these countries do not have the same way?
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Why do these countries do not have the same way?
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Why do these countries do not have the same way?
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This is the 4 main reasons.
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Nationalism, imperialism, militarism, and alliances.
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Nationalism, imperialism, militarism and alliances.
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Nationalism, imperialism, militarism and alliances.
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Nationalism means that without liberation, without a nationalism.
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Without a nationalism.
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एक ऐसा nationalism जो race पर अधारित हो, जो इस पर अधारित हो कि मेरी country best country है दुनिया की,
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और जो बाकी country है उनके खिलाफ एक aggressive attitude होना, बाकी countries को एक निचली नजर से देखना,
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जब Bismarck ने Germany को unified किया था 1871 में, वो nationalism के basis पर किया था, लेकिन फिर भी Germany एक constitutional monarchy थी,
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Prussian monarchy के अंडर, लोग He convinced that he will go to war on his own country.
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He declared war on imperialism on his own country.
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He will go to war on his own country and occupy him on his own country.
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Now, he will go to his own country and his own country.
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Why do they want to expand their countries?
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Why do they want to expand their countries?
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Why do they want to expand their countries?
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This is a simple answer, that is loot.
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Raja Maharaja, the other country, the other country, the other country, the other country, the other country, and the other country.
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power پانے کے لیے کہ یہ دیکھو میرے اندر کتنا علاقہ
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آتا ہے اتنے بڑے ایریا پر میرا راج ہے اور دوسرا
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resources کو exploit کرنے کے لیے ان ایریاز کے کہیں پر
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سونا پایا جاتا تھا اسے لوٹ کر اپنی treasury میں رکھنے
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کے لیے اور 1900s تک یہ جو کام تھا لوٹنے کا
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یہ capitalist companies بھی کرنے لگ گئی تھی جیسے کی East
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India Company East India Company نے ہی تو پہلے قبضہ کیا
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تھا انڈیا کے ایریاز اور انڈیا کی wealth کو drain کرنا شروع کیا تھا That's why many people say
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that imperialism is the highest stage of capitalism.
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Capitalists take advantage of their raw material and cheap labor for their profits.
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At that time, a famous capitalist, Henry Ford, who started the Ford Company, said a famous dialogue about war and capitalism.
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Do you want to know the cause of war?
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It is capitalism, greed, the dirty hunger for dollars.
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Take away the capitalist and you will sweep war from earth.
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Because imperialism was not possible, it was without the militaryism.
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There was a lot of money to pay for this country in the military.
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So, this could be more than the other countries, simply by brute force.
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British Royal Navy was the largest
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Navy in the world, which was the most important part of Britain was the imperialist empire.
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The British, France, Germany, Austria, Hungary, Russia and Italy, Their combined military spending in 1870 was 94 million pounds.
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And in 1914, it was 4 million dollars.
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They spent a lot of money on the military.
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Their imperialism was very interesting.
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They were more interested in their empire.
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The interesting thing is that when I talk about the country, the country is mostly the monarch which was the emperor of the empire.
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It was not a democracy.
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There was no people who didn't listen to it.
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There was only one person who was on top.
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There was a big crude king and king.
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Germany was Kaiser Wilhelm II.
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He was a crudy king.
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He was always standing there.
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France, Britain, Russia, Germany.
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Russia, Sir Nicholas II was the last emperor of the empire.
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Britain's head of state was King George V.
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One interesting fact is that the three kings and the first cousins were one of the family of the people.
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Three kings.
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Imagine you can do it.
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World War 1 is a game of thrones.
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You can do it.
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Queen Victoria has tried to do it in three countries.
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But after the death of them was possible.
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The fourth reason is the alliances.
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In all countries have seen so many political alliances.
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In 1882, there was a triple alliance in Germany, Austria -Hungarian Empire and Italy.
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In 3 countries have promised a mutual support if someone has great power on another.
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In 1907, there was a major alliance in 1907 in Great Britain, France and Russia.
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This alliance was the original reason for imperialism.
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These countries were in other countries, and then they were jealous and jealous of them that they were in this African country,
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they were in this country, they were in this country, they were in this country, they were in this country, they were in this country,
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they were in this country, they were in this country, they were in this country, they were in this country, they were in this country,
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they were in this country, they were in this country, they were in this country, they were in this country, they were in this country,
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they were in this country, they were in this country, they were in this country, they were in this country, they were in this country,
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they were in this country, they were in this country, they were in this country, they were in this country, they were in this country,
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they were in this country, they were in this country, they were in this country, they were in this country, they were in this country,
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they were in this country, they were in this country, they were in this country,
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they The reason is that a soldier can be used in the time of the time.
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If you want to be a soldier, you want to be a soldier of the king of the
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king of the king of the king of the king of
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the king of the king of the king of the king
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of the king of the king of the king of the
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king of the king of the king of the king of
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the king of the king of the king of the king
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of the king of the king of the king of the
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king of the king of the king of
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the king of the king of the king of the king.
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JINGOISTIC NATIONALISM
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and he highlighted the article in the Times in London.
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He said that the British soldier will do his duty even to a certain death
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and is not paralyzed by the feeling that he is the victim of some hideous blunder.
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Top leadership took a wrong decision in which the soldiers came to visit and also showed this thing as a heroic act.
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The British monarch had appointed an official poet, Alfred Tennyson.
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It was one of the first poems in the world that the soldier was a hero.
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A famous English poet was Rupert Brooke.
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His poems were the soldier and the dead.
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War and death were a glorious thing.
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His death was the world war one.
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Winston Churchill used his poem as a death note.
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He used to recruit other people.
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So, this is the war mongering propaganda.
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This is the war mongering propaganda.
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This is the war mongering propaganda.
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This is the war mongering propaganda.
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This is the war mongering propaganda.
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This is the war mongering propaganda.
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This is the war mongering propaganda.
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This is the war mongering propaganda.
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This is the war mongering propaganda.
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This is the war mongering propaganda.
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This is the war mongering propaganda.
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This is the war mongering propaganda.
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This is the war mongering propaganda.
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This is the war mongering propaganda.
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This is the war mongering propaganda.
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This is the war mongering propaganda.
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British Labour Party, Russia, Bolsheviks, Germany, Carl Leibnest and Rosa Luxemburg.
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In addition, there were other groups like anarchists and syndicalists, who were the internationalists.
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Some people were religion and humanity based on war, such as Henry Ford or Valentin Bulga.
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In addition, Rodyard Kipling, intellectuals and poets, who were against the war.
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You know that
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Jungle Book is the author of The Charge of Light Brigade.
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The Last of the Light Brigade thomas hardy the man
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he killed the man he killed the man he killed the man
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he killed the man he killed the man he killed the man
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he killed the man he killed the man
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he killed the man he killed the man he killed
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This is the reason
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that every soldier who fought in World War I was in the world war 1 war mongering propaganda influence gender
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and we have seen many cases where there were mutinies in France
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that a whole battalion had to stand up that we didn't fight
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Russia soldiers had to fight the war the Christmas truth of 1914
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when the war was running Christmas time one of the British soldiers one of the German soldiers
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They came together to celebrate Christmas in the war
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We were in the front line.
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We were about 300 yards from the Germans
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and we had I think on Christmas Eve we'd been singing carols
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and this that and the other and the Germans have been doing the same.
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Eventually a German said tomorrow you know shoot, we know shoot.
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So, this was the first time of war.
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for the war.
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Eventually, World War 1 happened.
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Exactly what happened?
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Let's talk about this video.
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In this video, we'll talk about exactly
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World War 2.
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Which countries have fought, and how did India's involvement was in this geopolitical game.
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I hope you will be informative.
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If you like this video, watch the Cargill War video.
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I've made many historical education videos.
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You can see the playlist here.
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We will see you in the next video.
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Thank you very much.
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คำศัพท์และข้อสังเกตด้านการพูดสำหรับบทเรียนนี้
บทเรียนฝึกพูดนี้ใช้วิดีโอ “Why World War 1 happened?” เป็นสื่อ คำที่ถูกพูดซ้ำบ่อยที่สุด: countries, empire, Russia, soldier, Austro วิดีโอนี้มี 289 ประโยค และ 3400 คำ สำหรับฝึกพูดตาม ช่วงที่มีเสียงพูดยาว 21:55 ผู้พูดพูดด้วยความเร็วเป็นธรรมชาติ ประมาณ 155 คำต่อนาที ใกล้เคียงกับบทสนทนาในชีวิตประจำวัน มีเพียง 81% ของคำที่อยู่ใน 3,000 คำที่ใช้บ่อยที่สุดในภาษาอังกฤษ คำศัพท์จึงค่อนข้างยาก
คำศัพท์สำคัญในวิดีโอนี้
คำที่ควรเรียนรู้ 15 คำจากวิดีโอ พร้อมคำอ่านและความหมาย:
| คำศัพท์ | คำอ่าน | ความหมาย |
|---|---|---|
| capture คำกริยา | /ˈkæp.(t)ʃɚ/ | ยึด |
| ruler คำนาม | /ˈɹulɚ/ | ไม้บรรทัด |
| poem คำนาม | /ˈpoʊ.əm/ | กลอน, บทกวี |
| invade คำกริยา | /ɪnˈveɪd/ | บุกรุก |
| alliance คำนาม | /əˈlaɪ.əns/ | พันธมิตร |
| nationalism คำนาม | /ˈnæʃ(ə)nəˌlɪzəm/ | ชาตินิยม |
| emperor คำนาม | /ˈɛmp(ə)ɹə/ | จักรพรรดิ, ฮ่องเต้ |
| revolutionary คำนาม | /ˌɹɛvəˈluʃənɛɹi/ | นักปฏิวัติ |
| assassination คำนาม | /əˌsæs.ɪˈneɪ.ʃən/ | การลอบสังหาร |
| monarchy คำนาม | /ˈmɑnɚki/ | ราชาธิปไตย |
| earn คำกริยา | /ɝn/ | หาเงิน |
| treaty คำนาม | /ˈtɹiti/ | สนธิสัญญา, ข้อตกลง |
| poet คำนาม | /ˈpoʊ.ət/ | กวี |
| capitalist คำนาม | /ˈkæp.ɪ.tə.lɪst/ | นายทุน |
| steal คำกริยา | /stiːl/ | ขโมย, ลัก |
กริยาวลีที่คุณจะได้ยิน
| คำศัพท์ | ความหมาย |
|---|---|
| give up คำกริยา | ยอมแพ้ |
ประโยคที่ควรฝึกพูดซ้ำ
ประโยคสั้น ๆ ที่สมบูรณ์จากวิดีโอ ซึ่งนำไปใช้ในบทสนทนาประจำวันได้:
- Doesn't it sound very sensational?
- Don't forget them, they're very important for our story.
- Can you imagine that?
- Let's meet in the next video.
ไวยากรณ์ในวิดีโอนี้
โครงสร้างที่ผู้พูดใช้บ่อยที่สุด พร้อมคำพูดจริงจากวิดีโอ:
| โครงสร้าง | ในวิดีโอ |
|---|---|
| “used to” used to + กริยา — นิสัยหรือสภาพในอดีตที่ตอนนี้ไม่เป็นแล้ว | used to use · used to recruit |
| Present perfect have/has + กริยาช่อง 3 — เหตุการณ์ในอดีตที่ยังเกี่ยวข้องกับปัจจุบัน | has been · has complained · has already talked |
| Passive voice be + กริยาช่อง 3 — เน้นสิ่งที่เกิดขึ้น ไม่ใช่ผู้กระทำ | was seen · are called · is divided |
| Relative clauses who / which + อนุประโยค — ข้อมูลเพิ่มเติมเกี่ยวกับคนหรือสิ่งของ | people who go · Empire, which was · Hungary which is |
การออกเสียงที่ควรระวัง
ผู้พูดใช้รูปย่อและรูปลดเสียง 28 ครั้ง เช่น didn't, wasn't, couldn't ให้พูดแบบสั้นตามที่ได้ยิน
- เสียง “th”: ethnic /ˈɛθ.nɪk/, enthusiasm /ɪnˈθuziæzəm/, ethnicity /ɛθˈnɪsɪti/, ruthless /ˈɹuːθləs/
- เสียง “sh” และ “zh”: capture /ˈkæp.(t)ʃɚ/, nationalism /ˈnæʃ(ə)nəˌlɪzəm/, revolutionary /ˌɹɛvəˈluʃənɛɹi/, assassination /əˌsæs.ɪˈneɪ.ʃən/, shock /ʃɔk/
- คำยาว — ลงเสียงหนักให้ถูกพยางค์: nationalism /ˈnæʃ(ə)nəˌlɪzəm/, revolutionary /ˌɹɛvəˈluʃənɛɹi/, assassination /əˌsæs.ɪˈneɪ.ʃən/, capitalist /ˈkæp.ɪ.tə.lɪst/, capitalism /ˈkæp.ə.təlˌɪzm̩/
เสียงที่คนไทยมักออกเสียงยาก:
- เสียงท้ายคำ — ออกเสียงให้ครบ ไม่เปลี่ยนเป็นตัวสะกดแบบไทย: alliance /əˈlaɪ.əns/, annex /əˈnɛks/, steal /stiːl/, regardless /ɹɪˈɡɑɹd.lɪs/, belief /bɪˈliːf/
- /v/ — ไม่ใช่ /w/ ให้ฟันบนแตะริมฝีปากล่าง: invade /ɪnˈveɪd/, revolutionary /ˌɹɛvəˈluʃənɛɹi/, administrative /ədˈmɪn.ɪ.stɹə.tɪv/, aggressive /əˈɡɹɛs.ɪv/, involvement /ɪnˈvɑlv.mənt/
- /z/ — เสียงก้อง ไม่ใช่ /s/: nationalism /ˈnæʃ(ə)nəˌlɪzəm/, capitalism /ˈkæp.ə.təlˌɪzm̩/, cousin /ˈkʌz(ə)n/, desert /ˈdɛz.ɚt/, enthusiasm /ɪnˈθuziæzəm/
วิธีฝึกกับวิดีโอนี้
- ฟังวิดีโอให้จบหนึ่งรอบโดยยังไม่ต้องพูด แล้วจดคำที่ยังไม่รู้จัก
- เริ่มที่ความเร็ว 0.75× พูดตามทีละประโยค แล้วกลับไปใช้ความเร็วปกติเมื่อเริ่มคล่อง
- อัดเสียงตัวเองแล้วเทียบกับต้นฉบับ โดยสังเกตคำอย่าง capture, ruler, poem เป็นพิเศษ
เทคนิค Shadowing คืออะไร?
Shadowing เป็นเทคนิคการเรียนรู้ภาษาที่ได้รับการรับรองทางวิทยาศาสตร์ พัฒนาขึ้นสำหรับการฝึกนักแปลมืออาชีพ วิธีการนี้เรียบง่ายแต่ทรงพลัง: คุณฟังเสียงภาษาอังกฤษจากเจ้าของภาษาและพูดตามทันที — เหมือนเงาที่ตามผู้พูดด้วยช่วงเวลาห่าง 1-2 วินาที การวิจัยแสดงว่าเทคนิคนี้ปรับปรุงความแม่นยำในการออกเสียง ทำนองเสียง จังหวะ การเชื่อมเสียง การฟังเข้าใจ และความคล่องแคล่วในการพูดได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ