Shadowing Practice: HR Basics: Human Resource Management - Learn English Speaking with Video
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HR Basics is a series of short courses designed to highlight
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what you need to know about a particular human resource management topic.
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In today's HR Basics, we define human resource management with a simple model.
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Before we explore the model, let's define human resource management.
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Human resource management comprise the formal systems designed to manage people in organizations.
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To best understand human resource management, we'll take a look at a brief history, understand the roles of human resource management in organizations,
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and review a model to best organize the functional areas of HR management.
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What is now called human resource management has evolved a great deal since its beginnings around the year 1900.
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Here's a brief history of human resource management.
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It's believed that the first personnel management department began at the National Cash Register Company in the early 1900s.
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Personnel departments, which is merged as clearly defined in the 1920s, at least in the United States, were largely concerned with technical functions.
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What began as a primarily clerical operation in large companies concerned with payroll
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and employee records began to face changes with social legislation of the 1960s.
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HRM developed in response to increase in competition experienced by the late 1970s as a result of deregulation and rapid technological change.
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In the 1990s, globalization and competition required human resource departments to become more concerned with costs,
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planning, and the implications of various HR strategies for both organizations and their employees.
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The role of human resource management professionals has dramatically evolved over the years.
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This course provides an overview of the past and future roles of human resource management professionals in organizations.
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If an organization has a formal HR group, perhaps an HR department, there are typically three different roles that group might play in an organization.
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Which of the roles predominates
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or whether all three roles are performed depends highly on what management wants HR to do
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and what competencies HR staff have demonstrated.
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The potential mix of roles is shown here.
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The primary role is strategic, which helps define business strategy relative to human capital and its contribution to organizational results.
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The strategic role helps link human resource strategy with organizational mission and of the work of people in the organization.
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The operational and employee advocate role manages most HR activities in keeping with organizational strategy
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and serving as an employee champion to balance the issues of employees and employer.
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And finally, the administrative role, which focuses on clerical administration and record -keeping, including essential legal paperwork, compliance, and policy implementation.
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Human resource management has played an important role in the life of organizations throughout modern history.
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In the past role of human resource management, the personnel function was highly administrative and clerical in nature,
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as you see in this right -hand side of the model labeled the past role.
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The past role focused on transactional activities related to processing of people -related activities, such as payroll.
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A heavy emphasis on compliance led to the personnel function, policing policy, and procedure, which left little time for the important strategic role.
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The present role, as seen on the left here,
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of human resource management has evolved to focus on the strategic contributions of human resource management to organizations.
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As organizations strive to realize their greater results,
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the critical role of people is recognized by the strategic role of human resource professionals to provide technical expertise,
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champion employees, and lead strategically in their organizations.
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Human resource management is a value -added function of the organization, influencing key organizational outcomes.
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Now, let's explore a simple human resource management model.
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The pinwheel model suggests that the management of human resources in an organization centers on eight key functional areas.
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These functions are a collection of specialized human resource management work.
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For each functional area, human resource professionals are responsible for key activities.
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You can see them in the boxes around the model.
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Let's define each functional area and discuss those associated activities.
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Human resource strategy and planning identifies and manages current and future needs to achieve organizational goals.
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The activities of strategy and planning include analysis, planning, effectiveness, metrics, and technology.
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Compliance is doing what is asked or required by federal, state, and local governments in the management of people.
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The activities of compliance include equal employment opportunity, compliance with federal, state, and local employment laws and regulations.
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Talent management are the integrated processes to attract, motivate, and retain productive and engaged employees.
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These activities of talent management include recruitment, talent acquisition, selection, interviewing, and onboarding.
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Training and development is about the betterment of people and performance through information they will use.
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The activities of training and development include training, development, career planning, and so on.
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Performance management are the processes to ensure the organization connects mission with the work of employees.
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The activities of performance management include performance appraisal, improvement, and intervention.
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Total rewards are the financial and non -financial tools used to attract, motivate, and retain employees.
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The activities of total rewards include compensation, benefits, recognition, and work -life effectiveness.
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Employee safety and health is about ensuring the safety, health, and welfare of people at work.
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The activities of safety and health include employee safety, security, and workers' compensation.
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Employee and labor relations focuses on the relationship of employees with the organization and with each other.
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The activities of employee and labor relations include policy management, documentation, workplace investigations, labor relations, and employee rights.
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This human resource management model, along with our brief history,
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should give you the context to best understand and apply the important role of human resource management in today's organizations.
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Bu dersin kelimeleri ve konuşma notları
Bu konuşma dersi “HR Basics: Human Resource Management” videosuna dayanıyor. En çok tekrarlanan kelimeler: management, resource, role, organization, employee. Bu videoda gölgeleme çalışması için 63 cümle ve 934 kelime var. Konuşma bölümü 6:28 sürüyor. Konuşmacı dakikada yaklaşık 144 kelimelik dengeli bir hızla konuşuyor; gölgeleme için rahat bir tempo. Kelimelerin yalnızca %80’i İngilizcede en sık kullanılan 3.000 kelime arasında, bu yüzden kelime dağarcığı zorlayıcı.
Bu videodaki önemli kelimeler
Videodan öğrenmeye değer 15 kelime, telaffuzu ve anlamıyla:
| Kelime | Telaffuz | Anlam |
|---|---|---|
| resource isim | /ɹɪˈzɔːs/ | kaynak |
| strategic sıfat | /stɹəˈti.dʒɪk/ | stratejik, sevkülceyşî |
| compliance isim | /kəmˈplaɪ.əns/ | uyma |
| organizational sıfat | /ˌɔː(ɹ)ɡənɪˈzeɪʃənəl/ | örgütsel |
| functional sıfat | /ˈfʌŋkt͡ʃənəl/ | işlevsel, fonksiyonel |
| relation isim | /ɹɪˈleɪʃ(ə)n/ | akraba |
| administrative sıfat | /ədˈmɪn.ɪ.stɹə.tɪv/ | yönetimsel |
| formal sıfat | /ˈfɔɹməl/ | resmi |
| contribution isim | /ˌkɑntɹɪˈbjuʃən/ | katkı, katılım payı |
| compensation isim | /ˌkɑm.pənˈseɪ.ʃən/ | telafi |
| reward isim | /ɹɪˈwɔɹd/ | ödül, mükâfat |
| explore fiil | /ɪkˈsploɹ/ | araştırmak |
| topic isim | /ˈtɑpɪk/ | mevzu, tema |
| relative isim | /ˈɹɛl.ə.tɪv/ | akraba |
| recognition isim | /ˌɹɛkəɡˈnɪʃ(ə)n/ | tanınma |
Bu videodaki dil bilgisi
Konuşmacının en çok kullandığı yapılar, videodaki sözcüklerin aynısıyla:
| Yapı | Videoda |
|---|---|
| Edilgen yapı be + fiilin üçüncü hâli — kimin yaptığı değil, ne olduğu önemli | is now called · is merged · are performed |
| Present perfect have/has + fiilin üçüncü hâli — geçmişte olan ama şimdi de önemli olan bir eylem | has evolved · has dramatically evolved · have demonstrated |
Dikkat edilecek telaffuzlar
- “sh” ve “zh” sesleri: organizational /ˌɔː(ɹ)ɡənɪˈzeɪʃənəl/, relation /ɹɪˈleɪʃ(ə)n/, contribution /ˌkɑntɹɪˈbjuʃən/, compensation /ˌkɑm.pənˈseɪ.ʃən/, recognition /ˌɹɛkəɡˈnɪʃ(ə)n/
- Uzun kelimeler — vurguyu doğru yere koyun: organizational /ˌɔː(ɹ)ɡənɪˈzeɪʃənəl/, administrative /ədˈmɪn.ɪ.stɹə.tɪv/, contribution /ˌkɑntɹɪˈbjuʃən/, compensation /ˌkɑm.pənˈseɪ.ʃən/, effectiveness /ɪˈfɛk.tɪv.nɪs/
Türkçe konuşanların zorlandığı sesler:
- /w/ — dudaklar yuvarlak, /v/ değil: reward /ɹɪˈwɔɹd/, welfare /ˈwɛlˌfɛɚ/, worker /ˈwɝ.kɚ/, acquisition /ˌæk.wɪˈzɪʃ.ən/, workplace /ˈwɝkˌpleɪs/
- Kelime başındaki ünsüz kümesi — araya ünlü eklemeyin: strategic /stɹəˈti.dʒɪk/, primarily /ˈpɹaɪ.mə.ɹə.li/, procedure /pɹəˈsiː.d͡ʒə/, productive /pɹəˈdʌk.tɪv/, strive /ˈstɹaɪv/
- /æ/ — “e”den daha açık: attract /əˈtɹækt/, rapid /ˈɹæp.ɪd/, acquisition /ˌæk.wɪˈzɪʃ.ən/, advocate /ˈæd.və.kət/, transactional /trænˈzækʃ(ə)nəl/
Bu videoyla nasıl çalışılır
- Videonun tamamını konuşmadan bir kez dinleyin ve bilmediğiniz kelimeleri not edin.
- Normal hızda cümle cümle tekrar edin; ritminiz konuşmacıyla aynı olana kadar her cümleyi yineleyin.
- Kendinizi kaydedin ve orijinaliyle karşılaştırın; resource, strategic, compliance gibi kelimelere özellikle dikkat edin.
Gölgeleme Tekniği Nedir?
Gölgeleme, başlangıçta profesyonel tercüman eğitimi için geliştirilen ve çok dilli Dr. Alexander Arguelles tarafından popüler hale getirilen, bilim destekli bir dil öğrenme tekniğidir. Yöntem basit ama güçlüdür: ana dili İngilizce olan bir sesi dinler ve hemen yüksek sesle tekrar edersiniz — konuşmacıyı 1-2 saniye gecikmeyle takip eden bir gölge gibi. Pasif dinleme veya dilbilgisi alıştırmalarının aksine, gölgeleme beyninizi ve ağız kaslarınızı gerçek konuşma kalıplarını eşzamanlı olarak işlemeye ve yeniden üretmeye zorlar. Araştırmalar, telaffuz doğruluğu, tonlama, ritim, bağlı konuşma, dinleme anlama ve konuşma akıcılığını önemli ölçüde geliştirdiğini göstermektedir — bu da onu IELTS Konuşma hazırlığı ve gerçek dünya İngilizce iletişimi için en etkili yöntemlerden biri yapar.