Shadowing Practice: ielts listening cam 15 test 1 part 4 - Learn English Speaking with Video
Ders oluşturuluyor...
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Part four.
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You will hear a student giving a presentation about a type of tree known as the eucalyptus, which is common in Australia.
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First, you have some time to look at questions 31 to 40.
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Thank you.
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Now, listen carefully and answer questions 31 to 40.
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Today, I'm going to talk about the eucalyptus tree.
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This is a very common tree here in Australia, where it's also sometimes called the gum tree.
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First, I'm going to talk about why it's important.
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Then I'm going to describe some problems it faces at present.
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Right, well, the eucalyptus tree is an important tree for lots of reasons.
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For example, it gives shelter to creatures like birds and bats.
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And these and other species also depend on it for food, particularly the nectar from its flowers.
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So, it supports biodiversity.
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It's useful to us humans too,
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because we can kill germs with a disinfectant made from oil extracted from eucalyptus leaves.
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The eucalyptus grows all over Australia, and the trees can live for up to 400 years
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so it's alarming that all across the country numbers of eucalyptus are falling
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because the trees are dying off prematurely
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so what are the reasons for this one possible reason is
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disease as far back as the 1970s the trees started getting
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a disease called mundula yellows the tree's leaves would gradually turn
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yellow then the tree would die it wasn't until 2004
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that they found the cause of the problem was lime
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or calcium hydroxide to give it its proper chemical name
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which was being used in the construction of roads the lime was being washed away into the ground
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and affecting the roots of the eucalyptus trees nearby What it
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was doing was preventing the trees from sucking up the iron they needed for healthy growth.
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When this was injected back into the affected trees, they immediately recovered.
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But this problem only affected a relatively small number of trees.
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By 2000, huge numbers of eucalyptus were dying along Australia's east coast of a disease known as bell miner -associated dieback.
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The bell miner is a bird, and the disease seems to be common where there are high populations of bell miners.
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Again, it's the leaves of the trees that are affected.
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What happens is that insects settle on the leaves and eat their way round them, destroying them as they go,
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and at the same time they secrete a solution which has sugar in it.
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The bell miner birds really like this solution
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and in order to get as much as possible they keep away other creatures that might try to get it.
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So these birds and insects flourish at the expense of other species
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and eventually so much damage is done to the leaves that the tree dies.
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Thank you.
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but experts say that trees can start looking sick before any sign of bell minor associated dieback
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so it looks as if the problem might have another explanation one possibility is
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that it's to do with the huge bushfires
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that we have in australia a theory proposed over 40 years ago by ecologist William Jackson is
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that the frequency of bushfires in a particular region affects the type of vegetation that grows there.
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If there are very frequent bushfires in a region, this encourages grass to grow afterwards,
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while if the bushfires are rather less frequent, this results in the growth of eucalyptus forests.
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So why is this?
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Why do fairly frequent bushfires actually support the growth of eucalyptus?
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Well, one reason is that the fire stops the growth of other species which would consume water needed by eucalyptus trees. And there's another reason.
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If these other quick -growing species of bushes and plants are allowed to proliferate,
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they harm the eucalyptus in another way by affecting the composition of the soil and removing nutrients from it.
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So some bushfires are actually essential for the eucalyptus to survive as long as they are not too frequent.
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In fact, there's evidence
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that Australia's indigenous people practiced regular burning of bushland for thousands of years before the arrival of the Europeans
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but since Europeans arrived on the continent the number of bushfires has been strictly controlled now scientists believe
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that this reduced frequency of bushfires to low levels has led to what's known as dry rainforest
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which seems an odd name as usually we associate tropical rainforest with wet conditions.
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And what's special about this type of rainforest?
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Well, unlike tropical rainforest, which is a rich ecosystem, this type of ecosystem is usually a simple one.
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It has very thick, dense vegetation, but not much variety of species.
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The vegetation provides lots of shade.
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So one species that does find it ideal is the bell minor bird
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which builds its nests in the undergrowth there
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but again that's not helpful for the eucalyptus tree that is the end of part four
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you now have one minute to check your answers to part four
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Bu dersin kelimeleri ve konuşma notları
Bu B2 seviyesindeki konuşma dersi “ielts listening cam 15 test 1 part 4” videosuna dayanıyor. En çok tekrarlanan kelimeler: tree, eucalyptus, bushfires, bell, species. Bu videoda gölgeleme çalışması için 65 cümle ve 821 kelime var. Konuşma bölümü 7:54 sürüyor. Konuşmacı yavaş konuşuyor, dakikada yaklaşık 104 kelime; her sesi taklit etmek için zamanınız var. Kelimelerin %83’i İngilizcede en sık kullanılan 3.000 kelime arasında; geri kalanına başlamadan önce bakmakta fayda var.
Bu videodaki önemli kelimeler
Videodaki en ileri düzey 15 kelime, telaffuzu ve anlamıyla:
| Kelime | Telaffuz | Anlam |
|---|---|---|
| eucalyptus isim | /ˌjuː.kəˈlɪp.təs/ | okaliptüs |
| rainforest isim | /ˈɹeɪn.fɔɹ.ɪst/ | yağmur ormanı |
| miner isim | /ˈmaɪnə(ɹ)/ | madenci |
| vegetation isim | /ˌvɛd͡ʒəˈteɪʃən/ | vejetasyon, bitki örtüsü |
| insect isim | /ˈɪn.sɛkt/ | böcek, haşere |
| ecosystem isim | /ˈikoʊˌsɪstəm/ | ekosistem |
| lime isim | /laɪm/ | lim, misket limonu |
| tropical sıfat | /ˈtɹɑ.pɪ.kəl/ | tropikal |
| disinfectant isim | /dɪs.ɪnˈfɛktənt/ | dezenfektan |
| nectar isim | /ˈnɛk.təɹ/ | nektar |
| prematurely zarf | /ˌpɹiːməˈtjʊə(ɹ)li/ | erken, erkenden |
| undergrowth isim | /ˈʌndɚˌɡɹoʊθ/ | diri örtü |
| nutrient isim | /ˈnuː.tɹi.ənt/ | besin |
| calcium isim | /ˈkælsi.əm/ | kalsiyum |
| consume fiil | /kənˈsum/ | kullanmak, harcamak |
Duyacağınız deyimsel fiiller
| Kelime | Anlam |
|---|---|
| keep away fiil | uzak durmak |
Bu videodaki dil bilgisi
Konuşmacının en çok kullandığı yapılar, videodaki sözcüklerin aynısıyla:
| Yapı | Videoda |
|---|---|
| Edilgen yapı be + fiilin üçüncü hâli — kimin yaptığı değil, ne olduğu önemli | being washed · was injected · are affected |
| İlgi cümlecikleri who / which + cümle — bir kişi ya da şey hakkında ek bilgi | eucalyptus, which is · solution which has · rainforest, which is |
| Present perfect have/has + fiilin üçüncü hâli — geçmişte olan ama şimdi de önemli olan bir eylem | has been · has led |
Dikkat edilecek telaffuzlar
Konuşmacı I'm, wasn't gibi kısaltılmış biçimleri 4 kez kullanıyor. Bunları duyduğunuz gibi kısa söyleyin.
- “sh” ve “zh” sesleri: vegetation /ˌvɛd͡ʒəˈteɪʃən/, flourish /ˈflʊ̈ɹ.ɪʃ/, shade /ʃeɪd/
- Uzun kelimeler — vurguyu doğru yere koyun: eucalyptus /ˌjuː.kəˈlɪp.təs/, vegetation /ˌvɛd͡ʒəˈteɪʃən/, ecosystem /ˈikoʊˌsɪstəm/, biodiversity /ˌbaɪoʊdəˈvɚsəti/, disinfectant /dɪs.ɪnˈfɛktənt/
Bu videoyla nasıl çalışılır
- Videonun tamamını konuşmadan bir kez dinleyin ve bilmediğiniz kelimeleri not edin.
- Normal hızda cümle cümle tekrar edin; ritminiz konuşmacıyla aynı olana kadar her cümleyi yineleyin.
- Kendinizi kaydedin ve orijinaliyle karşılaştırın; eucalyptus, rainforest, miner gibi kelimelere özellikle dikkat edin.
Gölgeleme Tekniği Nedir?
Gölgeleme, başlangıçta profesyonel tercüman eğitimi için geliştirilen ve çok dilli Dr. Alexander Arguelles tarafından popüler hale getirilen, bilim destekli bir dil öğrenme tekniğidir. Yöntem basit ama güçlüdür: ana dili İngilizce olan bir sesi dinler ve hemen yüksek sesle tekrar edersiniz — konuşmacıyı 1-2 saniye gecikmeyle takip eden bir gölge gibi. Pasif dinleme veya dilbilgisi alıştırmalarının aksine, gölgeleme beyninizi ve ağız kaslarınızı gerçek konuşma kalıplarını eşzamanlı olarak işlemeye ve yeniden üretmeye zorlar. Araştırmalar, telaffuz doğruluğu, tonlama, ritim, bağlı konuşma, dinleme anlama ve konuşma akıcılığını önemli ölçüde geliştirdiğini göstermektedir — bu da onu IELTS Konuşma hazırlığı ve gerçek dünya İngilizce iletişimi için en etkili yöntemlerden biri yapar.