Pratica di Shadowing: ielts listening cam 15 test 1 part 4 - Impara a parlare inglese con i video
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Part four.
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You will hear a student giving a presentation about a type of tree known as the eucalyptus, which is common in Australia.
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First, you have some time to look at questions 31 to 40.
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Thank you.
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Now, listen carefully and answer questions 31 to 40.
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Today, I'm going to talk about the eucalyptus tree.
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This is a very common tree here in Australia, where it's also sometimes called the gum tree.
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First, I'm going to talk about why it's important.
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Then I'm going to describe some problems it faces at present.
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Right, well, the eucalyptus tree is an important tree for lots of reasons.
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For example, it gives shelter to creatures like birds and bats.
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And these and other species also depend on it for food, particularly the nectar from its flowers.
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So, it supports biodiversity.
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It's useful to us humans too,
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because we can kill germs with a disinfectant made from oil extracted from eucalyptus leaves.
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The eucalyptus grows all over Australia, and the trees can live for up to 400 years
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so it's alarming that all across the country numbers of eucalyptus are falling
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because the trees are dying off prematurely
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so what are the reasons for this one possible reason is
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disease as far back as the 1970s the trees started getting
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a disease called mundula yellows the tree's leaves would gradually turn
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yellow then the tree would die it wasn't until 2004
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that they found the cause of the problem was lime
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or calcium hydroxide to give it its proper chemical name
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which was being used in the construction of roads the lime was being washed away into the ground
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and affecting the roots of the eucalyptus trees nearby What it
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was doing was preventing the trees from sucking up the iron they needed for healthy growth.
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When this was injected back into the affected trees, they immediately recovered.
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But this problem only affected a relatively small number of trees.
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By 2000, huge numbers of eucalyptus were dying along Australia's east coast of a disease known as bell miner -associated dieback.
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The bell miner is a bird, and the disease seems to be common where there are high populations of bell miners.
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Again, it's the leaves of the trees that are affected.
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What happens is that insects settle on the leaves and eat their way round them, destroying them as they go,
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and at the same time they secrete a solution which has sugar in it.
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The bell miner birds really like this solution
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and in order to get as much as possible they keep away other creatures that might try to get it.
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So these birds and insects flourish at the expense of other species
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and eventually so much damage is done to the leaves that the tree dies.
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Thank you.
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but experts say that trees can start looking sick before any sign of bell minor associated dieback
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so it looks as if the problem might have another explanation one possibility is
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that it's to do with the huge bushfires
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that we have in australia a theory proposed over 40 years ago by ecologist William Jackson is
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that the frequency of bushfires in a particular region affects the type of vegetation that grows there.
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If there are very frequent bushfires in a region, this encourages grass to grow afterwards,
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while if the bushfires are rather less frequent, this results in the growth of eucalyptus forests.
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So why is this?
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Why do fairly frequent bushfires actually support the growth of eucalyptus?
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Well, one reason is that the fire stops the growth of other species which would consume water needed by eucalyptus trees. And there's another reason.
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If these other quick -growing species of bushes and plants are allowed to proliferate,
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they harm the eucalyptus in another way by affecting the composition of the soil and removing nutrients from it.
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So some bushfires are actually essential for the eucalyptus to survive as long as they are not too frequent.
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In fact, there's evidence
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that Australia's indigenous people practiced regular burning of bushland for thousands of years before the arrival of the Europeans
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but since Europeans arrived on the continent the number of bushfires has been strictly controlled now scientists believe
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that this reduced frequency of bushfires to low levels has led to what's known as dry rainforest
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which seems an odd name as usually we associate tropical rainforest with wet conditions.
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And what's special about this type of rainforest?
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Well, unlike tropical rainforest, which is a rich ecosystem, this type of ecosystem is usually a simple one.
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It has very thick, dense vegetation, but not much variety of species.
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The vegetation provides lots of shade.
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So one species that does find it ideal is the bell minor bird
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which builds its nests in the undergrowth there
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but again that's not helpful for the eucalyptus tree that is the end of part four
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you now have one minute to check your answers to part four
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Vocabolario e note di pronuncia per questa lezione
Questa lezione di conversazione di livello B2 si basa sul video “ielts listening cam 15 test 1 part 4”. Le parole che ritornano più spesso: tree, eucalyptus, bushfires, bell, species. Questo video contiene 65 frasi e 821 parole da ripetere con lo shadowing. Il parlato dura 7:54. Chi parla lo fa lentamente, circa 104 parole al minuto, quindi c’è tempo per imitare ogni suono. Il 83% delle parole rientra nelle 3.000 più comuni dell’inglese; conviene studiare le altre prima di iniziare.
Vocaboli chiave di questo video
Le 15 parole più avanzate del video, con pronuncia e significato:
| Parola | Pronuncia | Significato |
|---|---|---|
| eucalyptus sostantivo | /ˌjuː.kəˈlɪp.təs/ | eucalipto, eucalitto |
| rainforest sostantivo | /ˈɹeɪn.fɔɹ.ɪst/ | foresta pluviale |
| miner sostantivo | /ˈmaɪnə(ɹ)/ | minatore |
| vegetation sostantivo | /ˌvɛd͡ʒəˈteɪʃən/ | vegetazione |
| insect sostantivo | /ˈɪn.sɛkt/ | insetto |
| ecosystem sostantivo | /ˈikoʊˌsɪstəm/ | ecosistema |
| lime sostantivo | /laɪm/ | lime, lima |
| tropical aggettivo | /ˈtɹɑ.pɪ.kəl/ | tropicale |
| biodiversity sostantivo | /ˌbaɪoʊdəˈvɚsəti/ | biodiversità |
| disinfectant sostantivo | /dɪs.ɪnˈfɛktənt/ | disinfettante |
| ecologist sostantivo | /iːˈkɒləd͡ʒɪst/ | ecologista, ecologo |
| hydroxide sostantivo | /haɪˈdɹɒks.aɪd/ | idrossido |
| inject verbo | /ɪnˈd͡ʒɛkt/ | iniettare |
| nectar sostantivo | /ˈnɛk.təɹ/ | nettare |
| prematurely avverbio | /ˌpɹiːməˈtjʊə(ɹ)li/ | prematuramente |
La grammatica di questo video
Le strutture che chi parla usa di più, con le parole esatte del video:
| Struttura | Nel video |
|---|---|
| Forma passiva be + participio passato — conta ciò che accade, non chi lo fa | being washed · was injected · are affected |
| Frasi relative who / which + frase — un’informazione in più su una persona o una cosa | eucalyptus, which is · solution which has · rainforest, which is |
| Present perfect have/has + participio passato — un’azione passata che conta ancora adesso | has been · has led |
Pronuncia a cui fare attenzione
Chi parla usa 4 contrazioni e forme ridotte, come I'm, wasn't. Pronunciale nella forma breve, così come le senti.
- I suoni “sh” e “zh”: vegetation /ˌvɛd͡ʒəˈteɪʃən/, flourish /ˈflʊ̈ɹ.ɪʃ/, shade /ʃeɪd/
- Parole lunghe — attenzione all’accento: eucalyptus /ˌjuː.kəˈlɪp.təs/, vegetation /ˌvɛd͡ʒəˈteɪʃən/, ecosystem /ˈikoʊˌsɪstəm/, biodiversity /ˌbaɪoʊdəˈvɚsəti/, disinfectant /dɪs.ɪnˈfɛktənt/
Come esercitarsi con questo video
- Ascolta tutto il video una volta senza parlare e annota le parole che non conosci.
- Fai shadowing frase per frase a velocità normale, ripetendo ognuna finché il tuo ritmo coincide con quello di chi parla.
- Registrati e confronta con l’originale, facendo attenzione a parole come eucalyptus, rainforest, miner.
Cos'è la tecnica dello Shadowing?
Shadowing è una tecnica di apprendimento delle lingue supportata da studi scientifici, originariamente sviluppata per la formazione dei traduttori professionisti e resa popolare dal poliglotta Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Il metodo è semplice ma potente: ascolti un audio in inglese di madrelingua e lo ripeti immediatamente ad alta voce — come un'ombra che segue il parlante con un ritardo di solo 1–2 secondi. A differenza dell'ascolto passivo o degli esercizi di grammatica, lo shadowing costringe il tuo cervello e i muscoli della bocca a elaborare e riprodurre simultaneamente i modelli di discorso reale. La ricerca dimostra che migliora significativamente la precisione della pronuncia, l'intonazione, il ritmo, il discorso connesso, la comprensione dell'ascolto e la fluidità del parlato — rendendolo uno dei metodi più efficaci per la preparazione alla prova di speaking dell'IELTS e per la comunicazione reale in inglese.