Shadowing Practice: Phrasal verb prepositions: DOWN part 04: DOWN means DEFEAT - Learn English Speaking with Video
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Hi everybody, and welcome back.
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Today, we're going to take another look at the preposition down and what it can mean when it is used with phrasal verbs.
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So, in a previous video we saw that down can mean topple.
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Now, we can extend the meaning of topple to get the idea of defeat.
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And the reason for this is that when somebody is defeated in a physical confrontation, they typically tend to topple over.
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So with that said, how do you think we could describe this animation?
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Here, a boxer strikes his opponent and defeats him So we can say the boxer knocks down his opponent.
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Knocks means strike and down means defeat.
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So the sentence just means The boxer strikes and defeats his opponent.
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Or the boxer defeats his opponent by striking him.
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Okay, so let's try a similar example.
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How do you think we could describe this using a phrasal verb with down in which down means defeat?
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Here, a samurai cuts his opponent and defeats him.
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So we can say the samurai cuts down his opponent.
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Cuts means cut and down means defeat so the sentence just means the samurai cuts and defeats his opponent.
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Or the samurai defeats his opponent by cutting him.
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Now, down can also mean defeat in a metaphorical way.
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So with that in mind, how do you think we could describe this using a phrasal verb with down where down means to metaphorically defeat something?
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Here, a committee votes against a proposal and defeats it.
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So we can say the committee votes down the proposal.
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Votes means vote, and down means defeat.
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So the sentence simply means the committee votes and defeats the proposal.
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Or the committee defeats the proposal by voting.
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So, I hoped this helped you understand the preposition down a little bit better and why it can sometimes mean defeat.
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And, we'll see you next time.
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Cheers.
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Vocabulary and speaking notes for this lesson
This B1 speaking lesson is built on the video “Phrasal verb prepositions: DOWN part 04: DOWN means DEFEAT”. The speaker keeps coming back to these words: defeat, opponent, vote, cut, samurai. This video has 26 sentences and 319 words to shadow. The speech runs for 3:45. The speaker talks slowly, about 85 words per minute, so there is time to copy every sound. Only 78% of the words are among the 3,000 most common in English, so the vocabulary is demanding.
Key vocabulary in this video
The 12 most advanced words in the video, with pronunciation and meaning:
| Word | Pronunciation | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| opponent noun | /əˈpəʊ.nənt/ | One who opposes another; one who works or takes a position against someone or something; one who attempts to stop the progress of someone or something. |
| samurai noun | /ˈsæməˌɹaɪ/ | In feudal Japan, a soldier who served a daimyo. |
| boxer noun | /ˈbɑksɚ/ | A participant in a boxing match; a fighter who boxes. |
| phrasal adjective | /ˈfɹeɪzəl/ | Relating to, or used in the manner of, a phrase. |
| topple verb | /ˈtɑpl̩/ | To push or throw over. |
| verb noun | /vɝb/ | A word that indicates an action, event, or state of being. |
| preposition noun | /ˌpɹɛpəˈzɪʃən/ | Any of a class of non-inflecting words and multiword terms typically employed to connect a following noun or a pronoun, in an adjectival or adverbial sense… |
| metaphorical adjective | /ˌmɛtəˈfɒɹɪkəl/ | Pertaining to or characterized by a metaphor; figurative; symbolic. |
| metaphorically adverb | In a metaphorical manner; not literally; by means of metaphor. | |
| confrontation noun | /ˌkɑn.fɹənˈteɪ.ʃən/ | The act of confronting or challenging another, especially face to face. |
| cheers | /t͡ʃɪəz/ | A common toast used when drinking in company. |
| animation noun | /ˌæn.ɪˈmeɪ.ʃən/ | The act of animating, or giving life or spirit. |
Phrasal verbs you will hear
| Word | Meaning |
|---|---|
| cut down verb | To cut downward. |
| knock down verb | To hit or knock (something or someone), intentionally or accidentally, so that it falls. |
Pronunciation to watch
- The “sh” and “zh” sounds: preposition /ˌpɹɛpəˈzɪʃən/, confrontation /ˌkɑn.fɹənˈteɪ.ʃən/, animation /ˌæn.ɪˈmeɪ.ʃən/
- Long words — get the stress right: preposition /ˌpɹɛpəˈzɪʃən/, metaphorical /ˌmɛtəˈfɒɹɪkəl/, confrontation /ˌkɑn.fɹənˈteɪ.ʃən/, animation /ˌæn.ɪˈmeɪ.ʃən/
How to practise with this video
- Listen to the whole video once without speaking and note the words you do not know.
- Shadow it sentence by sentence at normal speed, repeating each one until your rhythm matches the speaker.
- Record yourself and compare with the original, paying attention to words like opponent, samurai, boxer.
Gölgeleme Tekniği Nedir?
Gölgeleme, başlangıçta profesyonel tercüman eğitimi için geliştirilen ve çok dilli Dr. Alexander Arguelles tarafından popüler hale getirilen, bilim destekli bir dil öğrenme tekniğidir. Yöntem basit ama güçlüdür: ana dili İngilizce olan bir sesi dinler ve hemen yüksek sesle tekrar edersiniz — konuşmacıyı 1-2 saniye gecikmeyle takip eden bir gölge gibi. Pasif dinleme veya dilbilgisi alıştırmalarının aksine, gölgeleme beyninizi ve ağız kaslarınızı gerçek konuşma kalıplarını eşzamanlı olarak işlemeye ve yeniden üretmeye zorlar. Araştırmalar, telaffuz doğruluğu, tonlama, ritim, bağlı konuşma, dinleme anlama ve konuşma akıcılığını önemli ölçüde geliştirdiğini göstermektedir — bu da onu IELTS Konuşma hazırlığı ve gerçek dünya İngilizce iletişimi için en etkili yöntemlerden biri yapar.