تدريب Shadowing: Phrasal verb prepositions: DOWN part 04: DOWN means DEFEAT - تعلم التحدث بالإنجليزية عبر الفيديو

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Hi everybody, and welcome back.
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Today, we're going to take another look at the preposition down and what it can mean when it is used with phrasal verbs.
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So, in a previous video we saw that down can mean topple.
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Now, we can extend the meaning of topple to get the idea of defeat.
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And the reason for this is that when somebody is defeated in a physical confrontation, they typically tend to topple over.
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So with that said, how do you think we could describe this animation?
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Here, a boxer strikes his opponent and defeats him So we can say the boxer knocks down his opponent.
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Knocks means strike and down means defeat.
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So the sentence just means The boxer strikes and defeats his opponent.
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Or the boxer defeats his opponent by striking him.
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Okay, so let's try a similar example.
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How do you think we could describe this using a phrasal verb with down in which down means defeat?
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Here, a samurai cuts his opponent and defeats him.
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So we can say the samurai cuts down his opponent.
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Cuts means cut and down means defeat so the sentence just means the samurai cuts and defeats his opponent.
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Or the samurai defeats his opponent by cutting him.
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Now, down can also mean defeat in a metaphorical way.
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So with that in mind, how do you think we could describe this using a phrasal verb with down where down means to metaphorically defeat something?
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Here, a committee votes against a proposal and defeats it.
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So we can say the committee votes down the proposal.
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Votes means vote, and down means defeat.
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So the sentence simply means the committee votes and defeats the proposal.
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Or the committee defeats the proposal by voting.
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So, I hoped this helped you understand the preposition down a little bit better and why it can sometimes mean defeat.
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And, we'll see you next time.
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Cheers.

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المفردات وملاحظات التحدث لهذا الدرس

هذا الدرس في المحادثة بمستوى B1 مبني على الفيديو “Phrasal verb prepositions: DOWN part 04: DOWN means DEFEAT”. أكثر الكلمات تكرارًا في الفيديو: defeat, opponent, vote, cut, samurai. يحتوي هذا الفيديو على 26 جملة و319 كلمة للتدرب على الترديد. مدة الكلام 3:45. يتكلم المتحدث ببطء، بمعدل 85 كلمة في الدقيقة تقريبًا، فيكون لديك وقت لتقليد كل صوت. 78% فقط من الكلمات ضمن أكثر 3,000 كلمة شيوعًا في الإنجليزية، فالمفردات صعبة نسبيًا.

أهم المفردات في هذا الفيديو

أصعب 9 كلمة في الفيديو، مع النطق والمعنى:

الكلمةالنطقالمعنى
opponent اسم/əˈpəʊ.nənt/مُنَاوِئ
samurai اسم/ˈsæməˌɹaɪ/سَامُورَاي
boxer اسم/ˈbɑksɚ/مُلَاكِم
verb اسم/vɝb/فِعْل
preposition اسم/ˌpɹɛpəˈzɪʃən/جَارّ, حَرْف جَرّ
metaphorical صفة/ˌmɛtəˈfɒɹɪkəl/اِسْتِعَارِيّ, مَجَازِيّ
metaphorically ظرفمَجَازِيًّا
confrontation اسم/ˌkɑn.fɹənˈteɪ.ʃən/مُوَاجَهَة, مُجَابَهَة
animation اسم/ˌæn.ɪˈmeɪ.ʃən/إِحْيَاء, تَحْرِيك

الأفعال المركبة التي ستسمعها

الكلمةالمعنى
knock down فعلصَرَعَ

نطق يحتاج إلى انتباه

  • أصوات “sh” و“zh”: preposition /ˌpɹɛpəˈzɪʃən/, confrontation /ˌkɑn.fɹənˈteɪ.ʃən/, animation /ˌæn.ɪˈmeɪ.ʃən/
  • الكلمات الطويلة — انتبه لموضع النبر: preposition /ˌpɹɛpəˈzɪʃən/, metaphorical /ˌmɛtəˈfɒɹɪkəl/, confrontation /ˌkɑn.fɹənˈteɪ.ʃən/, animation /ˌæn.ɪˈmeɪ.ʃən/

كيف تتدرب بهذا الفيديو

  1. استمع إلى الفيديو كاملًا مرة واحدة دون أن تتكلم، ودوّن الكلمات التي لا تعرفها.
  2. ردّد جملة جملة بالسرعة العادية، وكرّر كل جملة حتى يتطابق إيقاعك مع المتحدث.
  3. سجّل صوتك وقارنه بالأصل، مع الانتباه إلى كلمات مثل opponent, samurai, boxer.

ما هي تقنية التظليل الصوتي؟

التظليل الصوتي (Shadowing) تقنية تعلم لغة مدعومة علمياً، طُورت أصلاً لتدريب المترجمين الفوريين المحترفين. الطريقة بسيطة لكنها قوية: تستمع لصوت إنجليزي أصلي وتكرره فوراً بصوت عالٍ — كظل يتبع المتحدث بتأخير 1-2 ثانية. تُظهر الأبحاث تحسناً كبيراً في دقة النطق والتنغيم والإيقاع وربط الأصوات والاستماع والطلاقة.

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