تدريب Shadowing: Phrasal verb prepositions: DOWN part 06: DOWN & UP mean ALONG - تعلم التحدث بالإنجليزية عبر الفيديو
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كل وضع يفتح غرفة تدريب بملء الشاشة.
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Hi everyone and welcome back.
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Today we're going to take another look at the prepositions up
اليوم سنلقي نظرة أخرى على حرف الجر up
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and down and what they can mean when used with phrasal verbs.
و down والمعاني التي يمكن أن تحملها عند استخدامها مع الأفعال المركبة.
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So in a previous video, we saw that down looks like this and up looks like this.
لقد رأينا في فيديو سابق أن الاتجاه للأسفل يبدو هكذا، والاتجاه للأعلى يبدو هكذا.
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And strangely enough, we can extend both of these to get the idea of along.
والغريب في الأمر أننا نستطيع توسيع كلا المفهومين للحصول على فكرة "على طول".
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Now the reason for this has to do with the different ways we can perceive objects
الآن السبب في ذلك يرتبط بالطرق المختلفة التي يمكننا من خلالها إدراك الأشياء.
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when they move along a horizontal surface.
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So to visualize this, let's imagine that we're standing on a flat surface, like a road, looking at an object.
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If the object starts moving along the road but away from us, it appears as if it's moving in in an upward direction.
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Therefore, we can associate the idea of along with the preposition up.
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At the same time, however, the object appears to decrease in size as it moves farther away.
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So we can also associate along with the preposition down, since the object's size appears to decrease. So, oddly enough,
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an object moving away from us along a horizontal surface can be associated with either the preposition up or down.
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Now, when the object moves along the road but towards us, the same thing happens in reverse.
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As it gets closer, its size appears to increase.
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So we can associate this with the preposition up.
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Yet, it also appears to be moving in a downward direction, so we can associate this with the preposition down.
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So, as you can see, movement along a horizontal surface in either direction could be perceived as either up or down.
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Unfortunately, there's no hard and fast rule about which preposition, up
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or down is the best one to use in a given situation as it depends on a variety of factors
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and is somewhat subjective.
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So let's take a look at some examples of phrasal verbs with up or down in which they mean along.
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How do you think we could describe this?
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Here, a car drives along a street.
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So we can say, the car drives up the street.
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Drives means drive, and up means along.
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So the sentence just means, the car drives along the street.
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Now we can also use down here instead of up to mean along.
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That is, we could also say, the car drives down the street.
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Either preposition would be fine.
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Alright, let's try another one.
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How do you think we could describe this using a phrasal verb with up or down?
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Here the bartender slides a drink along the bar.
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So we can say, the bartender slides the drink down the bar.
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Slides means slide, and down means along.
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So the sentence just means, the bartender slides the drink along the bar.
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Now, we could use the preposition up here as well.
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That is, we could say, the bartender slides the drink, ups the bar, although to my ears down would be a bit more natural in this situation.
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Okay, let's try one more.
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How do you think we could describe this.
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Here a man looks along the barrel of a gun.
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So we can say the man looks down the barrel of the gun.
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Looks means look and and down means along.
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So the sentence just means, the man looks along the barrel of the gun.
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Now, in this case, we probably wouldn't use the preposition up.
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That is, we wouldn't say the man looks up the barrel of the gun.
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This is because the phrasal verb look up has a separate meaning and might be a bit confusing to the listener.
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So, I hope this helped you understand the prepositions up
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and down a little bit better and why they both can mean along.
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And we'll see you next time.
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Cheers.
تنزيل التطبيق
كل ما تحتاجه للتحدث بطلاقة
تقييم النطق بالذكاء الاصطناعيتقييم كل جملة
تدريب IPAأتقن كل صوت
المفرداتابنِ رصيدك من الكلمات
لعبة المفرداتتعلّم أثناء اللعب
نفس القناة
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المفردات وملاحظات التحدث لهذا الدرس
يحتوي هذا الفيديو على 51 جملة و632 كلمة للتدرب على الترديد. مدة الكلام 5:49. يتكلم المتحدث ببطء، بمعدل 109 كلمة في الدقيقة تقريبًا، فيكون لديك وقت لتقليد كل صوت. 86% من الكلمات ضمن أكثر 3,000 كلمة شيوعًا في الإنجليزية، ويُستحسن مراجعة الباقي قبل البدء.
أهم المفردات في هذا الفيديو
9 كلمة من الفيديو تستحق التعلّم، مع النطق والمعنى:
| الكلمة | النطق | المعنى |
|---|---|---|
| slide اسم | /ˈslaɪ̯d/ | زَحْلِيقَة, مَزْلَقَة |
| barrel اسم | /ˈbæɹəl/ | بِرْمِيل |
| verb اسم | /vɝb/ | فِعْل |
| horizontal صفة | /ˌhoɹəˈzɑn.təl/ | أُفُقِيّ |
| perceive فعل | /pɚˈsiv/ | أَدْرَكَ, وَعَى |
| ear اسم | /ˈɪə̯/ | أُذُن, أُذْن |
| confuse فعل | /kənˈfjuːz/ | أَرْبَكَ, حَيَّرَ |
| listener اسم | /ˈlɪs(ə)nɚ/ | مُسْتَمِع, مُسْتَمِعَة |
| preposition اسم | /ˌpɹɛpəˈzɪʃən/ | جَارّ, حَرْف جَرّ |
نطق يحتاج إلى انتباه
يستخدم المتحدث 5 من الصيغ المختصرة، مثل we're, wouldn't, we'll. انطقها بصيغتها القصيرة كما تسمعها.
- أصوات “sh” و“zh”: associate /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/, preposition /ˌpɹɛpəˈzɪʃən/, visualize /ˈvɪʒuəˌlaɪz/
- الكلمات الطويلة — انتبه لموضع النبر: associate /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/, horizontal /ˌhoɹəˈzɑn.təl/, preposition /ˌpɹɛpəˈzɪʃən/
كيف تتدرب بهذا الفيديو
- استمع إلى الفيديو كاملًا مرة واحدة دون أن تتكلم، ودوّن الكلمات التي لا تعرفها.
- ردّد جملة جملة بالسرعة العادية، وكرّر كل جملة حتى يتطابق إيقاعك مع المتحدث.
- سجّل صوتك وقارنه بالأصل، مع الانتباه إلى كلمات مثل slide, barrel, verb.
ما هي تقنية التظليل الصوتي؟
التظليل الصوتي (Shadowing) تقنية تعلم لغة مدعومة علمياً، طُورت أصلاً لتدريب المترجمين الفوريين المحترفين. الطريقة بسيطة لكنها قوية: تستمع لصوت إنجليزي أصلي وتكرره فوراً بصوت عالٍ — كظل يتبع المتحدث بتأخير 1-2 ثانية. تُظهر الأبحاث تحسناً كبيراً في دقة النطق والتنغيم والإيقاع وربط الأصوات والاستماع والطلاقة.