शैडोइंग अभ्यास: Phrasal verb prepositions: DOWN part 06: DOWN & UP mean ALONG - वीडियो के साथ अंग्रेजी बोलना सीखें
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Hi everyone and welcome back.
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Today we're going to take another look at the prepositions up
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and down and what they can mean when used with phrasal verbs.
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So in a previous video, we saw that down looks like this and up looks like this.
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And strangely enough, we can extend both of these to get the idea of along.
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Now the reason for this has to do with the different ways we can perceive objects
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when they move along a horizontal surface.
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So to visualize this, let's imagine that we're standing on a flat surface, like a road, looking at an object.
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If the object starts moving along the road but away from us, it appears as if it's moving in in an upward direction.
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Therefore, we can associate the idea of along with the preposition up.
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At the same time, however, the object appears to decrease in size as it moves farther away.
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So we can also associate along with the preposition down, since the object's size appears to decrease. So, oddly enough,
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an object moving away from us along a horizontal surface can be associated with either the preposition up or down.
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Now, when the object moves along the road but towards us, the same thing happens in reverse.
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As it gets closer, its size appears to increase.
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So we can associate this with the preposition up.
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Yet, it also appears to be moving in a downward direction, so we can associate this with the preposition down.
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So, as you can see, movement along a horizontal surface in either direction could be perceived as either up or down.
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Unfortunately, there's no hard and fast rule about which preposition, up
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or down is the best one to use in a given situation as it depends on a variety of factors
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and is somewhat subjective.
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So let's take a look at some examples of phrasal verbs with up or down in which they mean along.
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How do you think we could describe this?
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Here, a car drives along a street.
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So we can say, the car drives up the street.
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Drives means drive, and up means along.
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So the sentence just means, the car drives along the street.
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Now we can also use down here instead of up to mean along.
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That is, we could also say, the car drives down the street.
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Either preposition would be fine.
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Alright, let's try another one.
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How do you think we could describe this using a phrasal verb with up or down?
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Here the bartender slides a drink along the bar.
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So we can say, the bartender slides the drink down the bar.
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Slides means slide, and down means along.
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So the sentence just means, the bartender slides the drink along the bar.
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Now, we could use the preposition up here as well.
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That is, we could say, the bartender slides the drink, ups the bar, although to my ears down would be a bit more natural in this situation.
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Okay, let's try one more.
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How do you think we could describe this.
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Here a man looks along the barrel of a gun.
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So we can say the man looks down the barrel of the gun.
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Looks means look and and down means along.
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So the sentence just means, the man looks along the barrel of the gun.
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Now, in this case, we probably wouldn't use the preposition up.
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That is, we wouldn't say the man looks up the barrel of the gun.
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This is because the phrasal verb look up has a separate meaning and might be a bit confusing to the listener.
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So, I hope this helped you understand the prepositions up
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and down a little bit better and why they both can mean along.
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And we'll see you next time.
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Cheers.
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इस पाठ की शब्दावली और बोलने के सुझाव
इस वीडियो में शैडोइंग के लिए 51 वाक्य और 632 शब्द हैं। बोला गया हिस्सा 5:49 लंबा है। वक्ता धीरे बोलता है, लगभग 109 शब्द प्रति मिनट, इसलिए हर ध्वनि की नकल करने का समय मिलता है। 86% शब्द अंग्रेज़ी के 3,000 सबसे आम शब्दों में से हैं; बाकी शब्द अभ्यास से पहले देख लेना अच्छा रहेगा।
इस वीडियो की मुख्य शब्दावली
वीडियो के 10 सीखने लायक शब्द, उच्चारण और अर्थ के साथ:
| शब्द | उच्चारण | अर्थ |
|---|---|---|
| barrel संज्ञा | /ˈbæɹəl/ | पीपा |
| verb संज्ञा | /vɝb/ | क्रिया, क्रियापद |
| horizontal विशेषण | /ˌhoɹəˈzɑn.təl/ | क्षैतिज |
| decrease क्रिया | /dɪˈkɹiːs/ | घटना |
| ear संज्ञा | /ˈɪə̯/ | कान |
| reverse संज्ञा | /ɹɪˈvɝs/ | विलोमित, विपरीत |
| cheers | /t͡ʃɪəz/ | चीयर्स |
| subjective विशेषण | /səbˈd͡ʒɛktɪv/ | आत्मनिष्ठ |
| listener संज्ञा | /ˈlɪs(ə)nɚ/ | श्रोता |
| preposition संज्ञा | /ˌpɹɛpəˈzɪʃən/ | पूर्वसर्ग |
ध्यान देने योग्य उच्चारण
वक्ता 5 बार संक्षिप्त रूपों का प्रयोग करता है, जैसे we're, wouldn't, we'll। इन्हें वैसे ही छोटा बोलें जैसा आप सुनते हैं।
- “sh” और “zh” की ध्वनियाँ: associate /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/, preposition /ˌpɹɛpəˈzɪʃən/, visualize /ˈvɪʒuəˌlaɪz/
- लंबे शब्द — बलाघात सही रखें: associate /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/, horizontal /ˌhoɹəˈzɑn.təl/, preposition /ˌpɹɛpəˈzɪʃən/
इस वीडियो से अभ्यास कैसे करें
- पहले बिना बोले पूरा वीडियो एक बार सुनें और जो शब्द नहीं आते उन्हें लिख लें।
- सामान्य गति पर एक-एक वाक्य की शैडोइंग करें और हर वाक्य तब तक दोहराएँ जब तक आपकी लय वक्ता से न मिल जाए।
- अपनी आवाज़ रिकॉर्ड करें और मूल से तुलना करें, ख़ासकर barrel, verb, horizontal जैसे शब्दों पर ध्यान दें।
शैडोइंग तकनीक क्या है?
शैडोइंग (Shadowing) एक विज्ञान-समर्थित भाषा सीखने की तकनीक है जो मूल रूप से पेशेवर दुभाषिया प्रशिक्षण के लिए विकसित की गई थी। विधि सरल लेकिन शक्तिशाली है: आप मूल अंग्रेज़ी ऑडियो सुनते हैं और तुरंत इसे ज़ोर से दोहराते हैं — जैसे वक्ता की छाया 1-2 सेकंड की देरी से। शोध से पता चलता है कि यह उच्चारण सटीकता, स्वर, लय, जुड़ी हुई ध्वनियाँ, सुनने की समझ और बोलने की प्रवाहशीलता में काफ़ी सुधार करता है।